Given the dominance now in medical science biopsychosocial paradigm of mental disorder becomes relevant to study the social and frustrating factors and psychological defense mechanisms in patients with schizophrenia, particularly in patients with a prolonged course of disease. To study this question have been examined 11 patients with paranoid schizophrenia, a female, being hospitalized, aged 33–59 years with disease duration more than 5 years. Used clinical-psychopathological method objectification of clinical self-report scale (SCL - 90 - R), experimental psychology (questionnaireindex of life style). According to the questionnaire SCL - 90 - R obtained rather higher values on the scales: somatization (2.16), obsessive-compulsive (3.70), interpersonal anxiety (2.41), phobias (4,0), psychotism (2.3), which indicates a bright psychopathology in the current status. In these patients revealed the following psychological defense mechanisms: regression, denial, repression, displacement, which largely prevented adequate social and occupational adaptation of patients. The obtained results reflect the syndromic profile of the examined patients, as well as leading mechanisms of their psychological adaptation, which subsequently will provide an opportunity to more adequately use the methods of pharmacotherapy and psihorehabilitation activities in both inpatient and outpatient in this group of patients.