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Do personality disorders predict negative treatment outcome in obsessive–compulsive disorders? A prospective 6-month follow-up study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

Susanne Fricke ,
Steffen Moritz ,
Burghard Andresen ,
Dirk Jacobsen ,
Martin Kloss ,
Michael Rufer  and
Iver Hand
Susanne Fricke*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre of Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246Hamburg, Germany
Steffen Moritz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre of Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246Hamburg, Germany
Burghard Andresen
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre of Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246Hamburg, Germany
Dirk Jacobsen
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre of Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246Hamburg, Germany
Martin Kloss
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre of Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246Hamburg, Germany
Michael Rufer
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre of Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246Hamburg, Germany
Iver Hand
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre of Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246Hamburg, Germany
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 40 42803 6790; fax: +49 40 42803 5546. E-mail address: fricke@uke.uni-hamburg.de (S. Fricke).
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Abstract

Background.

Comorbid personality disorders (PDs) are discussed as risk factors for a negative treatment outcome in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, studies published so far have produced conflicting results. The present study examined whether PDs affect treatment outcome in patients with OCD.

Methods.

The treatment sample consisted of 55 patients with OCD who were consecutively referred to a Behaviour Therapy Unit for an in-patient or day-clinic treatment. Treatment consisted of an individualised and multimodal cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT, with or without antidepressive medication). Measurements were taken prior and after treatment and 6-month after admission.

Results.

A large percentage of patients benefited from treatment irrespective of the presence of a PD and were able to maintain their improvement at follow-up. Duration of treatment was not prolonged in OCD patients with concomitant Axis II disorders. However, some specific personality traits (schizotypal, passive–aggressive) were baseline determinants for later treatment failure at trend level.

Conclusions.

Results are encouraging for therapists working with patients co-diagnosed with Axis II disorders since these patients are not necessarily non-responders. The results stress the importance of a specifically tailored treatment approach based on an individual case formulation in OCD patients with complex symptomatology and comorbid Axis II disorders.

Keywords

Obsessive–compulsive disorderComorbid personality disorderMultimodal cognitive behaviour therapyOutcome
Type
Original articles
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 21 , Issue 5 , July 2006 , pp. 319 - 324
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier SAS 2006

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