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Brain morphometry of individuals with schizophrenia with and without antipsychotic medication – The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

J. Moilanen ,
S. Huhtaniska ,
M. Haapea ,
E. Jääskeläinen ,
J. Veijola ,
M. Isohanni ,
H. Koponen  and
J. Miettunen
J. Moilanen*
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland
S. Huhtaniska
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland
M. Haapea
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland
E. Jääskeläinen
Affiliation:
Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland
J. Veijola
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland
M. Isohanni
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland
H. Koponen
Affiliation:
University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Psychiatry, P.O. Box 22 00014Helsinki, Finland
J. Miettunen
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000 90014Oulu, Finland
*
⁎Corresponding author. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. BOX 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland. Tel.: +358 440690706; fax: +358 8 336169. E-mail address:jani.m.moilanen@student.oulu.fi (J. Moilanen).
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Abstract

Background

In schizophrenia, brain morphometric changes may be associated with antipsychotic medication. Only limited data is available concerning individuals with schizophrenia without antipsychotic medication. We aimed to study the associations of: use versus no use of antipsychotic medication; length of continuous time without antipsychotic medication; cumulative dose of lifetime antipsychotic medication; and type of antipsychotic medication; with brain morphometry in schizophrenia after an average of 10 years of illness.

Methods

Data of 63 individuals with schizophrenia (mean duration of illness 10.4 years) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 were gathered by interview and from hospital and outpatient records. Structural MRI data at age 34 years were acquired and grey matter volume maps with voxel-based morphometry were analyzed using FSL tools.

Results

Of the individuals studied, 15 (24%) had taken no antipsychotic medication during the previous year. Individuals with antipsychotic medication had lower total grey matter (TGM) volume compared with non-medicated subjects, although this association was not statistically significant (Cohen's d = –0.51, P = 0.078). Time without antipsychotic medication associated with increased TGM (P = 0.028). Longer time without antipsychotic medication associated with increased regional volume in right precentral gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus. There were no associations between cumulative dose of lifetime antipsychotic medication or type of antipsychotic medication and brain morphometry.

Conclusions

Unlike some previous investigators, we found no association between cumulative dose of lifetime antipsychotic medication and brain morphological changes in this population-based sample. However, longer continuous time without antipsychotic medication preceding the MRI scan associated with increased gray matter volume.

Keywords

AntipsychoticsMedicatedNon-medicatedMRISchizophrenia
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 30 , Issue 5 , July 2015 , pp. 598 - 605
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2015

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