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Belgian Schizophrenia Outcome Survey – Results of a 2-year naturalistic study in patients stabilised on monotherapy with olanzapine, risperidone or haloperidol

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

J. Peuskens ,
B. Gillain ,
D. De Graeve ,
B. Van Vleymen  and
A. Albert
J. Peuskens*
Affiliation:
Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus St. Jozef Kortenberg, Leuvensesteenweg 517, 3070Kortenberg, Belgium
B. Gillain
Affiliation:
Université Catholique Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200Bruxelles, Belgium
D. De Graeve
Affiliation:
University of Antwerp, Faculty of Applied Economics, Department of Economics, University of Antwerp, Prinsstraat 13, 2000Antwerpen, Belgium
B. Van Vleymen
Affiliation:
Eli Lilly, Medical Department, Stoofstraat 52, 1000Brussels, Belgium
A. Albert
Affiliation:
University of Liège, Department of Biostatistics, CHU, Sart Tilman, 4000Liège, Belgium
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +32 2 758 0503; fax: +32 2 758 0511. E-mail addresses: jozef.peuskens@uc-kortenberg.be (J. Peuskens), benoitgillain@hotmail.com (B. Gillain), diana.degraeve@ua.ac.be (D. De Graeve), van_vleymen_betty@lilly.com (B. Van Vleymen), aalbert@ulg.ac.be (A. Albert).
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Abstract

Objectives

This Schizophrenia Outcome Survey compared medical costs, psychopathology and adverse events in outpatients for 2 years following hospitalisation for an acute schizophrenic episode.

Methods

Adults stabilised with haloperidol, olanzapine or risperidone entered this observational study ≤1 month after discharge and were assessed at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Global Assessment of Functioning and adverse events reporting.

Results

Among 323 patients (haloperidol 32, olanzapine 149, risperidone 142), baseline characteristics were similar in the olanzapine and risperidone groups, except for more first episodes in the risperidone group (p = 0.01). Haloperidol patients were more often single and institutionalised, less educated, had more residual schizophrenia, were longer hospitalised in the previous year, took more corrective and psychotropic drugs and had more extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and gynaecomastia (all significantly). Sixty-eight percent of patients completed a 2-year follow-up. In all groups, CGI and GAF improved during the first 3 months (both p < 0.0001) while BPRS deteriorated in the first year (all within group changes p < 0.05, between group changes NS) before it stabilised. There were no significant differences in hospitalisations and no change in social profile. At the last visit, 66% of haloperidol (p < 0.01), 35% of olanzapine (NS) and 39% (NS) of risperidone patients had ≥1 EPS; 69% (p < 0.013), 40 and 44%, respectively, had ≥1 sexual problem (NS). Mean weight gain was 0.4 (NS), 2.6 (p < 0.05) and 2.6 kg (p < 0.05), respectively.

Conclusions

In this naturalistic study, treatment allocation might have introduced a bias in the interpretation of efficiency results, but olanzapine and risperidone caused less EPS than haloperidol during 2 years of outpatient follow-up.

Keywords

OlanzapineRisperidoneHaloperidolSchizophreniaTreatment continuationMaintenance treatment
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , April 2009 , pp. 154 - 163
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2009

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Footnotes

1

Tel.: +32 2 764 2121; fax: +32 10 688 322.

2

Tel.: +32 3 220 4170; fax: +32 3 220 4585.

3

Tel.: +32 2 548 8469; fax: +32 2 548 8416.

4

Tel.: +32 4 366 2590; fax: +32 4 366 2596.

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