In recent decades, growing interest in the research association of somatic and psychiatric disorders. Contemporary research and clinical practice shows that approximately half of cancer patients are associated with mental disorders, mostly depression and anxiety disorder.

To establish presence of depression and anxiety in patients hospitalized on oncology in University Clinic Hospital in Mostar.

Examinees and methods: In total, 80 patients hospitalized on oncology in University Clinic Hospital in Mostar between January 1st and March 31st 2010. (Examine group) and 80 patients who were admitted in ordination of family medicine in Mostar between March 1st and March 20th 2010. (Control group), participated in the research. In research we used Becks Anxiety and Depression Inventory.

Examinees hospitalized on oncology had higher presence of depression in comparison to control group (Fisher exact test, χ2 test = 23,852: P < 0,001). We found no significant difference in presence of anxiety between examine and control group (χ2 test = 3,890; P = 0,143).

Control group showed statistically higher presence of depression, while we didn’t prove statistically significant difference in presence of anxiety between examine and control group.