^{page 331 note *} “On the Primary Wood of certain Araucarioxylons,” Ann. Bot., vol. xiii. p. 615.

^{page 331 note †} “A Revision of the Genus Araucarioxylon of Kraus,” Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. xii. p. 601, 1890Google Scholar.

^{page 331 note ‡} Éléments de Paléobotanique, p. 279, 1900.

^{page 332 note *} On the Cordaiteæ, see Grand' Eury, Flore carbonifère du Departement de la Loire, 1877; Renault, Structure comparée de quelques Tiges de la Flore carbonifère, 1879; Cours de Bot. Fossile, t. i., 1881. A general account of the family is given in Solms-Laubach's Fossil Botany, chap, v., Eng. transl., 1891, and in my Studies in Fossil Botany, Lecture XII., 1900.

^{page 336 note *} Williamson, and Scott, , “Further Observations on the Organization of the Fossil Plants of the Coal-Measures.” Pt. III. Lyginodendron and Heterangium, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., vol. 186 (1895), B, p. 711Google Scholar.

^{page 337 note *} Williamson and Scott, loc. cit., Pl. 21, fig. 1.

^{page 337 note †} Bertrand et Renault, “Recherches sur les Poroxylons,” Arch. Bot, du Nord de la France, 3^me Année 1886, figs. 198, 199, etc.

^{page 338 note *} Loc. cit., p. 306.

^{page 339 note *} The orientation of fig. 7 has been determined by comparison with a transverse section of the same specimen, in which the parenchyma accompanying a leaf-trace is found on the inner (= upper) side of the strand.

^{page 339 note †} Seward, , “Notes on the Binney Collection of Coal-Measure Plants.” Part II. Megaloxylon. Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc., vol. x, 1899, p. 158Google Scholar.

^{page 340 note *} Richter u. Unger, Beitrag z. Palæont. d. Thüringer Waldes, Denkschr. d. K. K. Akad. au. Wien, math, nature. Cl. Bd. xi., 1856.

^{page 340 note †} Pflanzenreste des Unterculm v. Saalfeld in Thüringen—Abh. d. K. Preuss. Geol. Landcmnstalt, Heft 23, 1896, p. 63, Taf. IV.

^{page 341 note *} This identification has since been confirmed, as will be explained below, by comparison with authentic sections of A. beinertianus, for the loan of which I am indebted to Count Solms-Laubach.

^{page 342 note *} Williamson and Scott, loc. cit., p. 717; Pl. 18, phots. 1 and 4 ; Pl. 21, fig. 1.

^{page 342 note †} Loc. cit., p. 74.

^{page 343 note *} Zenetti, Bot. Zeitung, p. 57, woodcut 2, and p. 62, woodcut 3, 1895.

^{page 344 note *} Araucarioxylon beinertianum, Kr. (Göpp., sp.), 1870–72; Araucarioxylon beinertianum, Kraus in Schimper, Traité d. paléont. Véyét., vol. ii. p. 381, 1850Google Scholar; Araucarites beinertianus, Göpp., Monog. d. foss. Coniferen., p. 233, pl. xlii. figs. 1–3; pl. xliii. fig. 1, 1852; Araucarites beinertianus, Göpp., Foss. Flora d. Uebergangs. Form., p. 254, pl. xxxv. figs. 1–4, 1888; Araucarites beinertianus, Göpp. u. Stenzel, Nacht z. Kennt. d. Coniferenhölzer d. palœoz. Form., p. 30, pl. iv. figs. 36–39; Araucarites beinertianus, Göpp., Revision d. foss. Conif., p. 11 (Bot. Centrabl., 1881, vol. v. p. 396Google Scholar).

^{page 344 note †} “Ueber die in den Kalksteinen des Kulm von Glätzisch-Falkenberg in Schlesien erhaltenen structurbietenden Pflanzenreste. II.,” Bot Zeit., 1893, p. 207.

^{page 345 note *} Solms-Laubach, loc. cit., p. 208.

^{page 346 note *} Scott, Studies in Fossil Botany, fig. 137, A; Renault, , Cours de Bot. Fossile, vol. i. pl. 12, fig. 12Google Scholar.

^{page 347 note *} Similar lacunæ are present in the central tissue (primary wood) of Megaloxylon. See Seward, “Notes on the Binney Collection of Coal-Measure Plants”; Part ii., Megaloxylon. Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc., vol. x., 1899Google Scholar.

^{page 347 note †} Of course only that part of the section in which the secondary wood is present is taken into consideration.

^{page 348 note *} I find that perfectly similar elements have been described by Rothert, in recent Conifers, under the name of “Gemischte Gefässe.” See his “Tracheiden u. Harzgänge im Mark von Cephalotaxus-Arten,” Ber. d. Deutsch. Bot. Gesellsch., Bd. 17, 1899, p. 284Google Scholar.

^{page 349 note *} Cf. Pitys Withami, below, p. 355.

^{page 351 note *} Scott, , “Anatomical Characters presented by the Peduncle of Cycadaceæ,” Pl. XX. figs. 1–5, Ann. Bot., vol. xi., 1897Google Scholar.

^{page 351 note †} Rothert, l.c. It is interesting to find (p. 285), that Rothert's “gemischte Gefässe” occur in the medullary as well as in the normal wood of his Cephalotaxus, just as is the case in Pitys antiqua.

^{page 351 note ‡} of Lartington, Witham, Internal Structure of Fossil Vegetables, Edinburgh, 1833, pp. 25–27, 37, 38, 71, pl. iii.Google Scholar; pl. iv., figs. 1–7; pl. vii., figs. 9–12; pl. viii., figs. 1–3; pl. xvi., figs. 9, 10. Little appears to have been added by later writers.

^{page 352 note *} L.c., p. 38.

^{page 352 note †} L.c., Strasburger, , “Leitungsbahnen,” Histologische Beiträge, iii. p. 9, 1891Google Scholar.

^{page 354 note *} Internal Structure, pp. 36 and 42. Pitys Withami was founded on the well-known Craigleith trees discovered in 1826 and 1831 in the Craigleith Quarry, near Edinburgh.

^{page 354 note †} Who, however, himself had some doubts as to the generic value of the distinction. L.c., p. 39.

^{page 354 note ‡} This figure gives a fair idea of the relative forms of the elements, but the dark shading makes the rings appear more conspicuous than they really are.

^{page 355 note *} Sections of two specimens, one from the River Irthing, Northumberland, the other from Juniper Green, Midlothian, were lent me by Mr Kidston for investigation. Both are from the Calciferous Sandstones.

^{page 355 note †} L.c., pp. 38, 71, pl. viii,, figs. 4–6.

^{page 355 note ‡} “Organization of Fossil Plants of Coal-Measures,” Part IX., Phil. Trans., 1878, pt. ii. p. 352, pl. 25, figs. 90–92.

^{page 356 note *} Seward, , “A Contribution to our Knowledge of Lyginodendron,” Ann. of Bot., vol. xi. p. 81, 1897Google Scholar.

^{page 356 note †} Goeppert, , “Revision meiner Arbeiten uber die Stanime der fossilen Coniferen, etc.,” Bot. Centralbl., Bd. v., 1881, p. 403Google Scholar.

^{page 356 note ‡} Goeppert, l.c., p. 404, conjectures that all four may have to be united. This, however, is not borne out by comparison of the specimens; P. primæva is a very distinct form, and P. Withami and P: antiqua, though allied, are not identical.

^{page 357 note *} L.c., p. 403.

^{page 357 note †} The discovery of the prolific plant-bed in which the Dadoxylon occurred is recorded by Mr Spencer in his paper on “The Yoredale and Millstone Grit Rocks,” published posthumously in the Proc. Yorkshire Geol. and Polytechnic Soc., New Series, vol. 13, 1898 (see p. 378)Google Scholar.

^{page 357 note ‡} “Organization of Fossil Plants of Coal-Measures,” Part X., Phil. Trans., 1880, pt. ii. p. 516, Pl. 20, fig. 60.

^{page 358 note *} Part VIII., Phil. Trans., 1877, vol. 107, part i. p. 231Google Scholar.

^{page 358 note †} Part XIL, Phil. Trans., 1883, pt. ii. p. 469.

^{page 359 note *} L.c., Part viii., Plate 9, figs. 44 and 46.

^{page 359 note †} “Note sur la Flore fossile des Gisements houillers de Rio Grande do Sul.,” Bull. Soc. Geol. de France, Sér. 3, t. 23, 1895, p. 619. Text-figs. 8–19; pl. ix., fig. 4.

^{page 359 note ‡} Renault, B., “Note sur le Genre Metacordaïte,” Soc. d'Hist. Nat. d'Autun, 1896Google Scholar.

^{page 361 note *} A specimen of Pitys antiqua, with a pith two inches in diameter, is mentioned by Witham, l.c., p. 27.

^{page 362 note *} The trunk of the Craigleith tree (P. Withami) found in 1830 was 47 feet in length, and at the top still had a diameter of about 1½ feet. Witham, Internal Structure, p. 29.

^{page 359 note *} Kidston, , “On the various Divisions of the British Carboniferous Rocks,” Proc. Roy, Phys. Soc. Edin., 1894, p. 255.Google Scholar

^{page 359 note †} Seward, and Gowan, , “The Maidenhair Tree, Ginkgo biloba,” Ann of Bot., vol. xiv., 1900, pp. 137 and 146Google Scholar.