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VI.—Contributions to the Craniology of the People of the Empire of India. Part II. The Aborigines of Chúta Nágpúr and of the Central Provinces, the People of Orissa, the Veddahs and Negritos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2012

Extract

It is my intention in this, the second part of my memoir on the Craniology of the Races of India, to give the results of my examination of skulls obtained from the districts occupied by the aboriginal tribes in Chúta Nágpúr, the Central Provinces, the people in the province of Orissa, and to compare them with the skulls of some other aboriginal people.

The majority of the specimens described belong to the Indian Museum, Calcutta, and through the courtesy of the Trustees I was permitted to have them on loan for purposes of study. Many of these crania had been those of persons who had died in jail. The names, tribes, and castes, and not unfrequently the age, stature, and other physical characters, had been recorded in the prison books, and were embodied in the lists which were sent to me along with the skulls by the authorities of the museum. Several of these skulls were especially interesting, as having been presented to the museum by Colonel Dalton, the author of the valuable treatise on the Ethnology of Bengal, Other specimens in the museum had been obtained from the Medical College, Calcutta, and several were presented by Professor D. B. Smith; in all probability they were from bodies which had been used for anatomical purposes. Mr W. H. P. Driver also had presented a series of crania from Ranchi.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1905

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References

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page 61 note † See also Chanda Settlement Report; Colonel Glasfurd's Report on Bastár; Mr Robertson's Census Report, 1891.

page 78 note * For the meaning of this and several other descriptive terms used to denote proportion between certain diameters of the skeleton, see my Report on Human Skeletons, in Challenger Reports, Part XLVII., 1886.

page 89 note * Mr Robertson, in his Report on the Census in the Central Provinces, p. 190, states that in Raipur a tribe of people named Kámár live in remote jungles on fruits and small game, and although in some provinces, as Bengal, the term is an occupational one, it includes both aborigines and non-aboriginal people.

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page 101 note § The Tribes and Castes of Bengal, 1891.

page 102 note * I have not included in this number the two Bhima skulls, which possibly may be a sub-division of the Gonds, with which, in their form and proportions, they indeed closely correspond. As there may be a doubt as to their racial position, I thought it advisable to exclude them.

page 102 note † I have not included in this number I.M. No. 407 (Table IV.), which is deformed from scaphocephalus nor I.M. No. 604, Jattia Múnda.

page 102 note ‡ I have discussed the relations of mesaticephalic skulls to dolichocephalic and brachycephalic crania in Part I. of this Memoir in Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. xxxix. part iii. p. 744.

page 104 note * It is not unlikely that in the living person the nose may have, on account of the lateral extension of the alæ, a more strongly marked platyrhine character than would be obtainable from the width of the anterior nares in the skull itself.

page 105 note * I may refer to my Challenger Report on Human Crania, part xxix., 1884, for an analysis of the characters of the skulls of the Australian aborigines.

page 107 note * The crania marked Uriyá, Orissa, in the Tables, are those which had been obtained from the Medical College. It will be seen that specimens so marked occur in each of the three groups tabulated in VI., VII., VIII.

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page 115 note * The bones of five of the skeletons, exclusive of the skulls, were described by me in the Challenger Report, Zoology, vol. xvi. part xlvii., 1886.

page 117 note * Journ. Anthrop. Inst., Nov. 1879, vol. ix., and Nov. 1884Google Scholar.

page 118 note * After this Memoir was in type I received, through the courtesy of Major Bannerman, M.D., the Madras Christian College Magazine for September and October 1900, in which is an article by Mr C. Hayavadawa Rau, B.A., on the origin of the Servile Classes and Hill Tribes of South India. In this article Mr Rau discusses, from the physical, social, linguistic and intellectual points of view, the Negrito theory of the origin of the Dravidians, and regards the theory as untenable. He draws the inference that all the indigenous tribes found by the Aryan immigrants in Southern India belonged substantially to one and the same Dravidian race.

page 118 note † These accounts are abstracted in G. W. Earl's work on the Native Races of the Indian Archipelago, London, 1853.

page 118 note ‡ Verh. der Berliner Ges. für Anth., etc., 1876 and 1891, p. 837; Journ. of Straits Branch of Royal Asiatic Soc., 1878.

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page 120 note † Mr Nelson Annandale has kindly given me photographs which he took of a Sakai rock shelter in Patalung which resembles the hut described by Dr Scott.

page 122 note * Challenger Report on Human Skeletons, part xlvii., 1886.

page 123 note * For the use of this term see my Challenger Report on Human Skeletons, part xlvii., 1886.

page 123 note † Address to section of Anthropology in British Association Reports, Toronto, 1897.

page 123 note ‡ Challenger Report, op. cit., page 97.

page 124 note * Journal of Anat. and Phys., 1889–1894.

page 124 note † I am indebted to Colonel Cadell, V.C., for the gift of this skeleton, which I have had articulated.