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A captorhinid-dominated assemblage from the palaeoequatorial Permian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2021

Rafel MATAMALES-ANDREU Open the ORCID record for Rafel MATAMALES-ANDREU [Opens in a new window] ,
Francesc X. ROIG-MUNAR ,
Oriol OMS ,
Àngel GALOBART  and
Josep FORTUNY Open the ORCID record for Josep FORTUNY [Opens in a new window]
Rafel MATAMALES-ANDREU*
Affiliation:
Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici ICTA-ICP, c/ Columnes s/n, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain. Email: rafel.matamales@icp.cat Museu Balear de Ciències Naturals, ctra. Palma-Port de Sóller km 30, 07100 Sóller, Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain.
Francesc X. ROIG-MUNAR
Affiliation:
Freelance researcher, C/ Carritxaret 18-6, 07749 es Migjorn Gran, Menorca, Illes Balears, Spain.
Oriol OMS
Affiliation:
Departament de Geologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, avda. de l'Eix Central s/n, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
Àngel GALOBART
Affiliation:
Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici ICTA-ICP, c/ Columnes s/n, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain. Email: rafel.matamales@icp.cat Museu de la Conca Dellà, c/ del Museu 4, 25650 Isona i Conca Dellà, Lleida, Spain.
Josep FORTUNY
Affiliation:
Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici ICTA-ICP, c/ Columnes s/n, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain. Email: rafel.matamales@icp.cat
*
*Corresponding author.
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Abstract

Moradisaurine captorhinid eureptiles were a successful group of high-fibre herbivores that lived in the arid low latitudes of Pangaea during the Permian. Here we describe a palaeoassemblage from the Permian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean), consisting of ichnites of small captorhinomorph eureptiles, probably moradisaurines (Hyloidichnus), and parareptiles (cf. Erpetopus), and bones of two different taxa of moradisaurines. The smallest of the two is not diagnostic beyond Moradisaurinae incertae sedis. The largest one, on the other hand, shows characters that are not present in any other known species of moradisaurine (densely ornamented maxillar teeth), and it is therefore described as Balearosaurus bombardensis gen. et sp. nov. Other remains found in the same outcrop are identified as cf. Balearosaurus bombardensis gen. et sp. nov., as they could also belong to the newly described taxon. This species is sister to the moradisaurine from the lower Permian of the neighbouring island of Mallorca, and is also closely related to the North American genus Rothianiscus. This makes it possible to suggest the hypothesis that the Variscan mountains, which separated North America from southern Europe during the Permian, were not a very important palaeobiogeographical barrier to the dispersion of moradisaurines. In fact, mapping all moradisaurine occurrences known so far, it is shown that their distribution area encompassed both sides of the Variscan mountains, essentially being restricted to the arid belt of palaeoequatorial Pangaea, where they probably outcompeted other herbivorous clades until they died out in the late Permian.

Keywords

captorhinidaecentral PangaeaHyloidichnusmoradisaurinaepalaeobiogeography
Type
Articles
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Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 112 , Issue 2 , June 2021 , pp. 125 - 145
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Royal Society of Edinburgh

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