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HPA-axis multilocus genetic variation moderates associations between environmental stress and depressive symptoms among adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 November 2018

Lisa R. Starr  and
Meghan Huang
Lisa R. Starr*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
Meghan Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Lisa Starr, Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, 491 Meliora Hall, Box 270266, Rochester, NY 14627; E-mail: lisa.starr@rochester.edu.
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Abstract

Research suggests that genetic variants linked to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis functioning moderate the association between environmental stressors and depression, but examining gene–environment interactions with single polymorphisms limits power. The current study used a multilocus genetic profile score (MGPS) approach to measuring HPA-axis–related genetic variation and examined interactions with acute stress, chronic stress, and childhood adversity (assessed using contextual threat interview methods) with depressive symptoms as outcomes in an adolescent sample (ages 14–17, N = 241; White subsample n = 192). Additive MGPSs were calculated using 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms within HPA-axis genes (CRHR1, NR3C2, NR3C1, FKBP5). Higher MGPS directly correlated with adolescent depressive symptoms. Moreover, MGPS predicted stronger associations between acute and chronic stress and adolescent depressive symptoms and also moderated the effect of interpersonal, but not noninterpersonal, childhood adversity. Gene–environment interactions individually accounted for 5%–8% of depressive symptom variation. All results were retained following multiple test correction and stratification by race. Results suggest that using MGPSs provides substantial power to examine gene–environmental interactions linked to affective outcomes among adolescents.

Keywords

depressiongene-environment interactiongeneticHPA axisstress
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 31 , Issue 4 , October 2019 , pp. 1339 - 1352
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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