Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-r5zm4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-24T06:01:53.120Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

From Totenmal to Trend: Wigman, Holm, and Theatricality in Modern Dance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 December 2018

Abstract

This article examines the development of theatricality in modern dance by comparing two dances: Mary Wigman's Totenmal (1930) and Hanya Holm's Trend (1937). By looking at the interplay between group and solo choreography, lighting design and themes, this paper will show how Holm combined the skills she learned codirecting Totenmal at the Dancers’ Congress in Munich to her work with American dance artists at the Bennington School of the Dance to create her first important work. It will examine why Trend was successful as a collaborative project, as well as show how it diverged ideologically from Wigman's work in the 1930s.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Dance Studies Association 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works Cited

Ballett International. 1993. March: 14–20.Google Scholar
Bloomer, Ruth. 1937. “Bennington School of the Dance—Summer 1937.” Dance Observer IV (7):7374, 83.Google Scholar
Brandstetter, Gabriele. 2015. Poetics of Dance: Body, Image, and Space in the Historical Avant-Gardes. Translated by Polzner, E. with Franco, M.. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Burt, Ramsay. 1998. Alien Bodies: Representations of Modernity, ‘Race’ and Nation in Early Modern Dance. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Butler, Gervaise. 1938. “Hanya Holm.” The Dance Observer 2 (38): 2425.Google Scholar
Choreography and Dance: An International Journal. 1992. 2 (Part 2): 1106.Google Scholar
“Chorische Vision als Gefallenenehrung: Talhoffs Überdrama.” Berliner Börnsen Kurier, July 25, 1930.Google Scholar
Das Totenmal: Excerpts [Motion Picture]. 1930. New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. Film. *MGZHB 4–2474.Google Scholar
Elswit, Kate. 2014. Watching Weimar Dance. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gentry, Eve. 1992. “The ‘Original’ Hanya Holm Company.” Choreography and Dance: An International Journal 2 (2): 940.Google Scholar
Gitelman, Claudia. 1996. “Appropriating America: Hanya Holm and the American Dream.” In Proceedings Society of Dance History Scholars. Speaking of History: Dance Scholarship in the ‘90s, 3542. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.Google Scholar
Gitelman, Claudia. 2000. “Finding a Place for Hanya Holm.” Dance Chronicle 23 (1): 4971.Google Scholar
Gitelman, Claudia. 2003. Liebe Hanya, Mary Wigman's Letters to Hanya Holm. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Graff, Ellen. 1999. Stepping Left: Dance and Politics in New York City, 1928–1942. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Guttmann, Allen. 2002. The Olympics: A History of the Modern Games. Urbana-Champaign: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Hagen, Joshua and Ostergren, Robert. 2006. “Spectacle, Architecture and Place at the Nuremberg Party Rallies: Projecting a Nazi Vision of Past, Present and Future.” Cultural Geographies 13 (2): 157181.Google Scholar
Hales, Barbara. 2013. “Waking the Dead: Medium as Therapist in Albert Talhoff and Mary Wigman's Totenmal.” Nineteenth Century Theatre and Film 40 (1): 5873.Google Scholar
Herrmann, Max. 1921. “Mein Weihnachtswunsch fürs Kabarett.” Krauss reprint, Die Neue Schaubühne, 8./9.Heft, Dezember, 168–170.Google Scholar
Holm, Hanya. 1938. “Trend Grew Upon Me.” Magazine of Art 30 (3): 136.Google Scholar
Holm, Hanya. 1956. “Who Is Mary Wigman?” Dance Magazine, November, 2225.Google Scholar
Holm, Hanya. 1974–1975. Interview by Tobi Tobias, December 18 and 28, April 7, 16, and 28, transcript, Oral History Archives, Hanya Holm Papers, New York Public Library for Performing Arts. MGZMT 5–1007. Used with permission of Karen Trautlein.Google Scholar
Jerome Robbins Dance Division, The New York Public Library. 1981. “The Early Years: The Contributions of Hanya Holm to American Modern Dance.” The New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 25, 2016. http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/c96dccb0-3145-0132-9c77-3c075448cc4bGoogle Scholar
Johst, Hanns. 1930. “Im Kampf der Meinungen.” Chorischen Bühne EV, München.Google Scholar
Jooss, Kurt. 1993. “Tanztheater and Theatertanz.” In “… jeder Mensch ist ein Tänzer.” Geißen: Anabas-Verlag.Google Scholar
Kant, Marion. 2011. “Death and the Maiden: Mary Wigman in the Weimar Republic.” In Dance and Politics, edited by Kolb, Alexandra, 119143. Oxford: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Karina, Lillian and Kant, Marion. 2003. Hitler's Dancers: German Modern Dance and the Third Reich. Translated by Steinberg, J.. New York: Berghahn.Google Scholar
Kegan, Mimi. 1993. “Company Stories, Notes from the Early Days.” The Journal for Stage Directors and Choreographers 7 (1): 1525.Google Scholar
Kerr, Harrison. 1938. “Reproduced Music for the Dance.” Magazine of Art 30 (3): 143, 181182.Google Scholar
Kolb, Alexander. 2016. “Wigman's Witches: Reformism, Orientalism, Nazism.” Dance Research Journal 48 (2): 2643.Google Scholar
Kriegsman, Sali Ann. 1981. Modern Dance in America: The Bennington Years. Boston: G.K. Hall & Co.Google Scholar
Lauterer, Arch. 1938. “Design for Dance.” Magazine of Art 30 (3): 136, 142143.Google Scholar
Lloyd, Margaret. 1949. The Borzoi Book of Modern Dance. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Manning, Susan. 1989. “Ideology and Performance between Weimar and the Third Reich: The Case of Totenmal.” Theatre Journal 41 (2): 211223.Google Scholar
Manning, Susan. 2006. Ecstasy and the Demon: The Dances of Mary Wigman. 2nd ed. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Martin, John. 1930. “The Dance: A Chaotic Effort.” New York Times, August 27.Google Scholar
Martin, John. 1937. “The Dance: A Major Work.” New York Times, August 22.Google Scholar
Martin, John. 1938. “The Dance: Hanya Holm.” New York Times, January 2.Google Scholar
McPherson, Elizabeth. 2013. The Bennington School of the Dance: A History in Writing and Interviews. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company.Google Scholar
Muckermann S.J., Freidrich. 1930. “Das Totenmal auf dem 3. Deutschen Tänzerkongress in München.” Katholische Korrespondenz, June 28.Google Scholar
Müller, Hedwig. 1986a. Mary Wigman: Leben und Werk der großen Tänzerin. Berlin: Quadriga.Google Scholar
Müller, Hedwig. 1986b. Mary Wigman 1886–1973 Photo Exhibition. Akademie der Künste Berlin-West. Ballett-Bühnen-Verlag. Exhibition catalogue.Google Scholar
Müller, Hedwig, and Stöckemann, Patricia. 1994. “Zur Bestimmung des Ausdruckstanzes.” In Jahrbuch Tanzforschung 5: Ausdruckstanz in Deutschland—Eine Inventur. Mary Wigman Tage 1993. Wilhemshaven: Florian Noetzel Verlag.Google Scholar
Newhall, Mary Anne Santos. 2002. “Uniform Bodies: Mass Movement and Modern Totalitarianism.” Dance Research Journal 34 (1): 2750.Google Scholar
Newhall, Mary Anne Santos. 2009. Mary Wigman. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Nikolais, Alwin. 1992. “Hanya Holm.” Choreography and Dance: An International Journal 2 (2): 5362.Google Scholar
Odem, Maggie. 1988. “Mary Wigman: The Early Years.” The Drama Review 24 (4) (T88): 8192.Google Scholar
Partsch-Bergsohn, Isa. 1993. “Hanya Holm: A Missing Link Between German and American Modern Dance.” Ballett International 16 (3): 1417.Google Scholar
Partsch-Bergsohn, Isa. 1994. Modern Dance in Germany and the United States: Crosscurrents and Influences. Chur, Switzerland: Hardwood Academic Publishers.Google Scholar
Partsch-Bergsohn, Isa and Bergsohn, Harold. 2003. The Makers of Modern Dance in Germany: Rudolph Laban, Mary Wigman, Kurt Jooss. Hightstown, NJ: Princeton Book Company.Google Scholar
Randall, Tresa. 2012. “Hanya Holm and an American Tanzgemeinschaft.” In New German Dance Studies, edited by Manning, Susan and Ruprecht, Lucia, 7998. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Richter, Werner. 1930. “Talhoffs Totenmal.” Berliner Tageblatt, July 23.Google Scholar
Schikowski, John. 1924. “Der Neue Tanz.” In Kunst und Volk Heft 5. Berlin: Volkbuhner-Verlag-und Vertriebs-GMBH.Google Scholar
Siegel, Marcia. 1981. “A Conversation with Hanya Holm.” Ballet Review 9 (1): 530.Google Scholar
Sorell, Walter. 1957. “Hanya Holm: A Vital Force.” Dance Magazine, January, 22–27, 8687, 89.Google Scholar
Sorell, Walter. 1969. Hanya Holm: The Biography of an Artist. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press.Google Scholar
Talhoff, Albert. 1930. Totenmal: Dramatisch-chorische Vision für Wort, Tanz, Licht. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt.Google Scholar
The Journal for Stage Directors and Choreographers. 1993. 7 (1): 9–62.Google Scholar
Toepfer, Karl. 1997. Empire of Ecstasy: Nudity and Movement in German Body Culture, 1910–1935. Berkey: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Totenmal Advertisement. 1930. Munich: Dr. C. Wolf & Sohn.Google Scholar
Totenmal: Dramatisch-chorische Vision für Wort Tanz Licht. 1930. Text and percussion score by Albert Talhoff, choreography by Mary Wigman, masks by Bruno Goldschmitt. Munich on June 24, 1930–September 2, 1930.Google Scholar
Totenmal: Dramatisch-chorische Vision für Wort Tanz Licht. Programmheft. Munich: DR. C. Wolf & Sohn, 1516.Google Scholar
Trend. 1937. Choreography by Hanya Holm, music by Wallingford Riegger and Edgar Varese, costumes by Betty Joiner, sets and lights by Arch Lauterer. Bennington, VT, August 13, 1937, and New York, NY, December 28.Google Scholar
Wigman, Mary. 1930. “Wie ich zu Albert Talhoffs Totenmal stehe.” In Totenmal: Dramatisch-chorische Vision für Wort Tanz Licht. Programmheft. Munich: DR. C. Wolf & Sohn, 1516.Google Scholar
Wigman, Mary. 1956. “My Teacher Laban.” Dance Magazine, November, 2728, 71–73.Google Scholar
Wigman, Mary. 1966. The Language of Dance. Translated by Sorell, W.. Middletown CT: Wesleyan University Press.Google Scholar
Wigman, Mary. 1986. Sprache des Tanzes. München: Ernst Battenberg Verlag.Google Scholar
Wigman, Mary. 1993. “Der neue Künstlerische Tanz und das Theater.” In “… jeder Mensch ist ein Tänzer.” Geißen: Anabas-Verlag.Google Scholar
Wigman, Mary and Steinbeck, Dietrich. 1987. Mary Wigmans choreographisches Skizzenbuch: 1930–1961. Berlin: Ed. Hentrich.Google Scholar