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La performance des automobilistes âgés dans les situations de conduite difficile

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2010

Richard Lefrançois  and
Monia D'Amours
Richard Lefrançois
Affiliation:
Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Sherbrooke
Monia D'Amours
Affiliation:
Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Sherbrooke
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Abstract

This case study examines the exposure risk of Quebec drivers aged 68 and over in five different difficult driving situations. 307 cases were identified based on driving performance (three or more accidents or traffic violations over a 3-year period) and paired on a 2:1 basis according to age, sex and area (urban/rural) with a random-selected control group (clean driving record). The response rate to this mail survey was 60 per cent. Assumptions were validated using the logistic regression method. Results show that as drivers get older, they gradually give up driving in risky situations; regardless of age, the number of drivers who stop driving in difficult conditions is proportionally higher in the control group. On the other hand, vulnerability would seem to increase with the exposure level. The analysis also shows that rural drivers are more vulnerable than urban drivers, regardless of exposure factors. Finally, the perception of health would seem to have little impact on the elderly drivers' performance.

Résumé

Cette étude cas-témoins examine le risque associé à l'exposition des automobilists âgés québécois de 68 ans et plus ans dans cinq situations de conduite difficile. 307 cas furent identifiés d'après la performance routière (≥3 accidents et/ou infractions sur une période de 3 ans) et appariés selon l'âge, le sexe et la région (urbaine, rurale) à un échantillon aléatoire de témoins (dossier vierge) suivant un ratio de 2:1. Le taux de participation à l'enquête par questionnaire postal est près de 60 pour cent. Des hypothèses ont été éprouvées à l'aide de la méthode de la régression logistique. Les résultats indiquent qu'à mesure qu'ils avancent en âge, les automobilists délaissent graduellement la conduite dans les situations à risque: quel que soit l'âge, il y a proportionnellement plus de témoins que de cas qui renoncent à la conduite dans les situations difficiles. Par ailleurs, la vulnérabilité augmenterait en function du niveau d'exposition. L'analyse indique également que les automobilistes du milieu rural sont plus vulnérables que ceux des centres urbains, quels que soient les facteurs d'exposition. Par contre, la perception de la santé influencerait peu la performance des automobilistes âgés.

Keywords

Automobiliste âgésécurité routièrefacteurs de risqueexpositionSenior DriversRoad SafetyRisk FactorsExposure
Type
Articles
Information
Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , Été/Summer 1997 , pp. 320 - 335
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Association on Gerontology 1997

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