Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-rnpqb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-25T11:21:25.417Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Frontal Cortical Kindling in Cats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2015

Akira Wake  and
Juhn A. Wada
Akira Wake*
Affiliation:
Division of Neurological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Juhn A. Wada
Affiliation:
Division of Neurological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
*
Health Sciences Center Hospital, 2075 Wesbrook Place, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1W5 Canada
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary:

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Our observation of amygdaloid seizure development in cats indicated early afterdischarge propagation into basal cortical areas prior to the development of bifrontal sharp theta discharge. In view of the implied participation of the frontal lobe in amygdaloid kindling, both fractional lesioning and kindling of selective areas were performed. This paper summarizes our stimulation study involving premotor, prefrontal, mesial frontal and orbital cortices. Except for the orbital series which showed a rather strikingly similar pattern of seizure development to that of amygdaloid kindling, all areas showed significantly different features in terms of the speed of seizure development, afterdischarge propagation, fragility of developing seizure, final stage 5 seizure and post-ictal behavior pattern, interictal discharge morphology and propagation, and generalized seizure triggering threshold intensity. All these findings suggest that the frontal lobe participates in, but is not essential for, the amygdaloid seizure development. The results of ongoing fractional lesion series support such a conclusion.

Type
Research Article
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 2 , Issue 4 , November 1975 , pp. 493 - 499
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation 1975

References

REFERENCES

Akerk, K. (1964). Comparative anatomy of frontal cortex and thalamo frontal connections. In Warren, J.M. and Akert, K. (Eds.) The Frontal Granular Cortex, 372–394, McGraw-Hill, New York.Google Scholar
Corcoran, M.E., McCaughran, J.A. and Wada, J.A. (1973) Acute antiepileptic effects of Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in Rats with Kindled seizures. Experimental Neurology, 40, 471–483.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Delgado, J.M.R. and Sevilano, M. (1961). Evolution of repeated hippocampal seizures in the cat. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 13,722–733.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geier, S., Bancaud, J., Talairach, J., Bonis, A., Szikla, G. and Enjelvin, M.Clinical Note: Clinical and Tele-Stereo-EEG Findings in a Patient with Psychomotor Seizures. Epilepsia, 16, 119–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goddard, G.V. (1967). Development of epileptic seizures through brain stimulation at low intensity. Nature, 214, 1020–1021.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goddard, G.V., Mcintyre, D.C. and Leech, C.K. (1969). A permanent change in brain function resulting from daily electrical stimulation. Experimental Neurology, 25, 295–330.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hess, R.W., Akert, K. and Mcdonald, D.A. (1952). Function of the orbital gyrus of cats. Brain, 75, 244–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jasper, H.H., Ajmone-Marsan, C. and Stoll, J. (1952). Corticofugal projections to the brainstem. A.M.A Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 67, 155–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaada, B.R. and Johannessen, N.B. (1960). Generalized electrocortical activation by cortical stimulation in the cat. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology,12, 573–576.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leichnetz, G.R. and Astruc, J. (1975). Efferent connections of the orbitofrontal cortex in the marmoset. Brain Research, 84, 169–180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ludwig, B., Ajmone-Marsan, C. and Van Buren, J. (1975). Cerebral seizures of probable orbitofrontal origin. Epilepsia, 16, 141–158.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mizuno, N., Sauerlaud, E.K. and Clemente, C.D. (1968). Projections from the orbital gyrus in the cat. 1. To brain stem structures. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 133, 463–476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morell, F. (1973). Goddard’s kindling phenomenon: a new model of the “mirror focus”. In Chemical Modulation of Brain Function. Raven, New York.Google Scholar
Nauta, W.J.H. (1962). Neural associations of the amygdaloid complex in the monkey. Brain, 85, 505–520.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Racine, R.J. (1972). Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulations. I. afterdischarge threshold. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 32, 269–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Racine, R.J. (1972). Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulations. II. motor seizures. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 32, 281–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Racine, R.J. (1975). Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation: cortical areas. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 38, 1–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Racine, R.J., Gartner, J.G. and Burnham, W.M. (1972). Epileptiform activity and neural plasticity in limbic structures. Brain Research, 47, 262–268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stratford, J. (1954). Corticothalamic connections from gyrus proreus and first and second sensory areas of the cat. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 100, 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanaka, A. (1972). Progressive changes of behavioral and electroencephalographic responses to daily amygdaloid stimulations in rabbits. Fukuoka Medical Journal, 62, 152–164.Google Scholar
Wada, J.A. and Sato, M. (1974). Generalized convulsive seizures induced by daily electrical stimulation of the amygdala in cats. Neurology, 24, 565–574.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wada, J.A. and Sato, M. (In Press). The generalized convulsive seizure state induced by daily electrical stimulation of the amygdala in split brain cats. Epilepsia.Google Scholar
Wada, J.A. (In Press). Progressive seizure development in subhuman primates and effect of cerebellar stimulation upon developed VS. developing amygdaloid seizures. In. Escobar, A. (Ed.) Xth Anniversary Volume, National Institute of Neurology, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Wada, J.A. and Osawa, T. (In Press). Generalized convulsive seizure state induced by daily electrical stimulation in Senegalese baboon, Papio papio. Neurology.Google Scholar
Wada, J.A., Sato, M. and McCaughran, J.A. (1974) Cortical electrographic correlates of amygdaloid seizure development in rats, cats and baboons. Presented at Annual Meeting of Eastern EEG Association. December 4, 1974, New York.Google Scholar