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The effect of non-starch polysaccharide supplementation on circulating bile acids, hormone and metabolite levels following a fat meal in human subjects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

L. M. Morgan ,
J. A. Tredger ,
Y. Shavila ,
J. S. Travis  and
J. Wright
L. M. Morgan
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH
J. A. Tredger
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH
Y. Shavila
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH
J. S. Travis
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH
J. Wright
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH
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Abstract

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The effects of guar gum, sugar-beet fibre (SBF) and wheat bran supplementation of a high-fat test meal were compared with an NSP-free control meal and a meal containing an equivalent amount of the ion- exchange resin cholestyramine in healthy non-obese human volunteers. Their effects on gastric emptying, postprandial circulating bile acids, triacylglycerols and gastrointestinal hormone levels were studied. The in vitro binding of NSP and cholestyramine to [l-14C]glycocholic acid was measured and compared with their in vivo effect. Guar gum and cholestyramine supplementation significantly lowered circulating postprandial bile acid, triacylglycerol and gastric inhibitory polypeptide concentrations, but sugar-beet fibre and wheat bran were without effect. Liquid gastric emptying, as assessed by circulating paracetamol levels, was slightly accelerated in the guar gum-supplemented meal. Glycocholic acid bound strongly to the insoluble fraction of cholestyramine and the soluble fraction of guar gum. The insoluble fractions of SBF and wheat bran bound only small quantities of glycocholate; no bile acid binding was detected in the soluble fractions of these NSP. The study demonstrates that measurement of postprandial bile acids enables an indirect measurement to be made of bile acid binding to NSP in vivo. The results support the hypothesis that the hypocholesterolaemic action of guar gum is largely mediated via interruption of the enterohepatic bile acid circulation, but indicate that the hypocholesterolaemic action of SBF is mediated by another mechanism.

Keywords

Bile acidGastric inhibitory polypeptideCholesterolNon-starch polysaccharidesHumans
Type
Effects of Complex Carbohydrates on Lipid Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 70 , Issue 2 , September 1993 , pp. 491 - 501
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1993

References

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