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Ateco of Old Carlisle
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 November 2011
Extract
An inscription found in 1803 at Old Carlisle (Olerica or Olenacum) has recently been the subject of some comment. R. G. Collingwood and R. P. Wright transcribe the text as: T(errae) Bata/u(o)r(um) Ate(ius) / Coc(ceianus) Au/g(usti seruus) uot(o) / s(olutus) l(ibens) a(nimo) fe(cit). They translate this: ‘To the Land of the Batavians Ateius Cocceianus, an imperial slave, made this willingly when released from his vow.’ It was this intepretation and expansion which caused Professor A. E. Gordon, the leading authority on Latin abbreviations, to comment: ‘Sometimes the expansion of the unusually large number of abbreviations arouses both admiration and skepticism.’
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References
1 RIB 902.
2 Cl. Phil. 63 (1968), 124Google Scholar.
3 JRS lvi (1966), 229Google Scholar. One may perhaps note that Collingwood had originally translated Aug as ‘of Augusta’, see RIB reference.
4 Britannia vi (1975), 294Google Scholar (a).
5 A. Holder, Alt-Celtische Sprachschatz (1896), 253.
6 Cf. Britannia iv (1973), 195, 200–2Google Scholar.
7 A. E. Gordon, Supralineate Abbreviations in Latin Inscriptions (1948): ILS index s.v.
8 For Aurelii at Old Carlisle, RIB 887, 888, 891; and conceivably on 889. Alternatively, but less probably, the nomen may be derived from a second-century grant of citizenship to an auxiliary soldier; cf. S. S. Frere, Britannia, A History of Roman Britain (1967), 273; ibid (1974), 319, n. 6.
9 e.g. RIB 814, 991, 1229, 1880, 2144. Cf. A. von Domaszewski, Die Rangordnung des römischen Heeres (2nd edition 1967), 108, 119.
10 Domaszewski, op. cit. (note 9), xxx, 116, 320 s.v. praepositus alae, cites only CIL v 7007, a primipilaris who was probably a praefectus.
11 Such an abbreviation is not attested in Dessau, Gordon, or Domaszewski nor in R. O. Fink, Roman Military Records on Papyrus (1971), 510, 537, 556 s.v. Cf. Britannia ii (1971), 136Google Scholar; vii (1976), 134–5.
12 Frequently in the formula cR or cL on diplomas and military dedications (e.g. RIB 830, 837, 838, 842, 843; 2092, 2104, 2110; cf. also 158). For civilian examples e.g. RIB 163, 639. 1743; cf. 192.
13 London was renamed Augusta probably in the early fourth century; cf. S. S. Frere, Britannia, A History of Roman Britain (1967), 210–11, 345. But see now Historia 24 (1975), 101–11Google Scholar.
14 RE 2 (1896), 2344–9Google Scholar lists twenty-four towns of which Nos. 3, 6, 7, 19, 21 and 22 are possible candidates.
15 E. Birley, Research on Hadrian's Wall (1961), 205; Not. Dig., Occ. 40, 45. G. Alföldy, Noricum (1974), 257–60 lists four forts there which became called after the name of their units, including Augustiana (Traismauer) from the ala I Augusta Thracum. H. Schonberger, Kastell Künzing-Quintana (1975), 115 lists three forts which subsequently were named from the numeral of their units, including Sexta (York).
16 P. Salway, The Frontier People of Roman Britain (1965), n, 114–9, 179, and Nos. 80–5. Trans. Cumberland & Westmorland Ant. & Arch. Soc. new series li (1951), 16–39Google Scholar; lix (1959), 15–31. RIB 899. Frere, op. cit. (note 13), 209, 240, 341, 353, and pl. 14b. For a misleadingly over-simplified plan see Arch. Journ. 132 (1975), 18Google Scholar; cf. ibid. 24–6 and pl. III.
17 RIB, 886–90.
18 Cf. RIB 2175 = ILS 4831b; RIB 2195 = ILS 4829; RIB 643. Cf. CIL iii 5300 with Epigr. Studien 8 (1969), 3Google Scholar, No. 6.
19 Richmond, I. A., Arch. Aeliana4 xxi (1943), 194Google Scholar on RIB 1131 = ILS 9318. Jolliffe, N., ‘Dea Brigantia’, Arch. Journ. xcviii (1941), 36–61Google Scholar.
20 RIB 627, 628, 630, 1053, 1131, 2066, 2091 and pl. XIX. Cf. also RIB 623, set up by a T. Aurelius (as also RIB 627), and note that RIB 628 was set up by an Aurelius, perhaps ‘from Sinope’ as Gordon suggests. Jolliffe, op. cit. (note 19), 60.
21 AE 1922, 116. Cf. JRS xi (1921), 101–7Google Scholar; RE 7A (1948), 1600–3.
22 RIB 678 = ILS 7062 as interpreted by Birley, E. (JRS lvi (1966), 228Google Scholar; Yorks. Arch. Journ. 41 (1966), 731Google Scholar). Cf. Frere, op. cit. (note 13), 293.
23 For foreigners in Britain stating the citizenship of their homeland e.g. RIB 110, 140, 149, 163, 955Cf. J. E. Bogaers, Deae Nehalenniae (1971), 37, and Nos. 1, 13, 22, 45, 48 for citizenship and Nos. 4 and 6 for origin.
24 For Continental examples of negotiatores Britannici e.g. CIL xiii 8164a = ILS 7522; CIL xiii 634 = ILS 7523; CIL xiii 8793 = ILS 4751; CIL xiii 7300; Bogaers, op. cit. (note 23), 35–8, and Nos. 11, 27(?), 45.
25 Cf. ILS 3730, 3732, 3733, 3734. 3735, 3736, and index s.v.; RE 7A (1948), 1600; Gordon. op. cit. (note 7), 68, 113.