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Monolinguals and bilinguals respond differently to a delayed matching-to-sample task: An ERP study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 December 2019

Cassandra Morrison ,
Farooq Kamal ,
Kim Le  and
Vanessa Taler
Cassandra Morrison
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
Farooq Kamal
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
Kim Le
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
Vanessa Taler*
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
*
Address for correspondence: Vanessa Taler, E-mail: vtaler@uottawa.ca
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Abstract

Previous research examining whether bilinguals exhibit enhanced working memory (WM) compared to monolinguals has yielded mixed results. This inconsistency may be due to lack of sensitivity in behavioral and neuropsychological measures. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of bilingualism on WM by focusing on brain activity patterns (event-related potentials) in monolinguals and bilinguals during a WM task. We recorded brain activity while participants (26 monolingual English speakers and 28 English–French bilinguals) performed a delayed matching-to-sample task. Although performance measures were similar, electrophysiological differences were present across groups. Bilinguals exhibited larger P3b amplitudes than monolinguals, and smaller negative slow wave and N2b amplitudes during retrieval. These results suggest that bilinguals may have more cognitive resources available in WM to allocate to task completion, and that task completion may be less effortful for bilinguals than for monolinguals.

Keywords

bilingualismevent-related potentialsworking memorydelayed match-to-sample
Type
Research Article
Information
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition , Volume 23 , Special Issue 4: Interpreting: A window into bilingual processing , August 2020 , pp. 858 - 868
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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