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A Possible Egyptian Dating for the End of the Third Late Minoan Period
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 December 2013
Extract
In the last number of the Zeitschrift für Aegyptische Sprache Max Burchardt publishes two swords lately acquired from Egypt by the Berlin Museum. The first (Inventory Number 20447), (Fig. 1), almost perfectly preserved, is a fine example of Naue's Type II. It is a cutting sword with edges almost parallel and the end bluntly pointed. The handle is made in one piece with the blade. Its edges are raised on either side and it is fitted with eight rivet holes. Down the blade, whose faces are slightly convex, run on either face four fine furrows parallel to the edges. The total length is 715 mm. The sword was found at Zagazig (Bubastis) in the Delta.
The second sword (Inventory Number 20305) is unfortunately badly damaged but probably belongs to the same type. It certainly has the same section and the same almost parallel edges. There is, too, the same thickening of the handle at the point where it joins the blade and the disposition of the rivets is similar in the case of such as remain. I have not yet had the opportunity of examining the original and so must be content with quoting Burchardt's opinion on this point.
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References
page 282 note 1 A.Z. 50, p. 61 ffGoogle Scholar. and Taf. v.
page 282 note 2 See Naue, Die Vorrömischen Schwerter.
page 282 note 3 The Berlin Museum possesses another blade from a sword of the same type (figured by Burchardt, Fig. 3) also found in Egypt. This has two fine furrows on each face of the blade. Another from Egypt of exactly the same type was published by Budge, in Arch. liiiGoogle Scholar. Burchardt surmises, however, that the hilt of this sword is not the original one but a mirror handle fitted on to it in later times.
page 282 note 4 I confess I see no evidence for this assertion, though it is doubtless true.
page 283 note 1 See Breasted, , Ancient Records of Egypt, i. pp. 38–75Google Scholar; Petrie, , History of Egypt, iii. pp. 2–3Google Scholar.
page 283 note 2 Peet, , Stone and Bronze Ages in Italy, p. 348Google Scholar.
page 283 note 3 Liverpool Annals, iii. p. 133Google Scholar.
page 283 note 4 Ἐϕ Ἀρχ. 1904, pp. 21–50Google Scholar.
page 284 note 1 B.S.A. xiii. pp. 430–441Google Scholar.
page 284 note 2 Liverpool Annals, v. pp. 1, ffGoogle Scholar.
page 284 note 3 Ἐϕ. Ἀρχ l.c.
page 284 note 4 Evans, , Prehistoric Tombs of Knossos, pp. 93–103Google Scholar.
page 284 note 5 B.S.A. viii. p. 289Google Scholar, Fig. 2; p. 303, Fig. 19; ix. pp. 317–320, Figs. 17–19.
page 284 note 6 A.J.A. 1901, pp. 132–6Google Scholar.
page 284 note 7 Op. cit. 1901, pp. 270–281.
page 284 note 8 Ἐϕ. Ἀρχ. 1896, Pl. II. Figs. 6, 7 and 8.
page 284 note 9 Tsountas, and Manatt, , Mycenean Age, p. 388Google Scholar.
page 284 note 10 Excavations in Cyprus, p. 37, Fig. 65, 1088; p. 40, Fig. 69, 876; p. 48, Fig. 74, 1147 and 1149.
page 284 note 11 Monumenti Antichi, xix. pp. 306 ff.Google Scholar; Liverpool Annals, iii. pp. 123–4Google Scholar.
page 284 note 12 In the Taranto museum.
page 285 note 1 This sword-type may have been current for many years.
page 285 note 2 We have the last signs of Minoan connections with Egypt in the metal Bügelkannen depicted in the tomb of Rameses III who came to the throne perhaps a decade later than Seti II. It would be perhaps refining too much to argue that the conquest of Crete by the northerners (which put an end to Egypto-Cretan relations) must therefore have been slightly later than their last descent on Egypt. These vases painted in Rameses' tomb may have been already only a survival of past glories; in any case they may have been painted early in his reign, as was often done, before his final defeat of the Libyans and their allies in the eleventh year of his kingship.