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Face-Urns and Kindred Types in Anatolia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 October 2013

Winifred Lamb
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Extract

Professor Frankfort's article Ishtar at Troy suggests a new explanation for the Trojan face-urns, and a pedigree which connects them with Mesopotamian or north-Syrian prototypes. The series he discusses includes the winged vessels and covers from Thermi. These are also referred to by Professor Mallowan in his account of the idols from Brak. Professor Mallowan's interpretation differs from Professor Frankfort's, and to a student of Anatolian prehistory may seem more convincing.

Type
Research Article
Information
Annual of the British School at Athens , Volume 46 , November 1951 , pp. 75 - 80
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1951

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References

I am indebted to the following sources for the figures in the text: FIG. 1 is from Iraq XI 189; FIG. 2, a from Schliemann, Ilios, 217, fig. 36; fig. 2, b from W. Lamb, Thermi, pl. XXXII 4; FIG. 3 a from MDOG LXXIV 17, fig. 11; fig. 3, b, c from Türk Tarih Kongresi III (see note 15 below); FIG. 4, a from Schliemann, Ilios, 344, fig. 238; fig. 4, b, c from W. Lamb, Thermi, pl. X 336, 481. All drawings are by Miss F. Freemantle, to whom warm thanks are due, also to Mr. L. Gallagher and Miss N. Six for the map.

In addition to the usual abbreviations in BSA, the following are used:

AH II = H. Kosay, Ausgrabungen von Aloca Höyük, 1936.

Belleten = Türk Tarih Kurumu: Belleten.

DTCFD = Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi (Türk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, Ankara).

JNES = Journal of Near Eastern Studies.

MDOG = Mitteilungen der deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft zu Berlin.

SS = H. Schmidt, Heinrich Schliemann's Sammlung Trojanischer Altertümer.

1 JNES VIII 194 ff.

2 Lamb, Thermi, pl. X nos. 340, 341, 481.

3 Iraq IX 201.

4 Ibid., 202–210.

5 For this evidence I am greatly indebted to an article by Dr.Özgüç, Tahsin, DTFCD II 709Google Scholar (in Turkish only).

6 Schliemann, Ilios, 217, fig. 36; 247, fig. 100; Lamb, Thermi, 89 and pl. XXXII 3, 4.

7 JNES VIII 196, fig. 1, no. 4; Iraq IX 210, fig. 19.

8 Professor Blegen found one example in a definite second city context, AJA XLI 564–5; the stratum was ‘third from the end of (Troy) II in F 4–5’. For Schliemann's second city examples, see Ilios, 290–2. For the evidence from other strata, see AJA XXXVIII 231; XXXIX 9, 562; XLI 571.

9 Belleten VIII 30, pl. XLIX 345. I am indebted to Dr. Koşay for permission to publish the vase, which is in the Ethnological Museum, Ankara, and for supplying photographs.

10 Good examples are SS nos. 308, 309, of which the former, unfortunately a head only, is particularly close to the Bolu vase.

11 Belleten IX, no. 35, 382–8, 398–400; Iraq XI 193–5.

12 Belleten, loc. cit., 386–7, pl. LXVIII 5.

13 AH II 179; DTCFD, loc. cit., 709, note 63; Belleten I 539; VIII, no. 29, 157.

14 Iraq XI 202.

15 Türk Tarih Kongresi III (1943), 175, Dr Koşay's pl. 6, no. Al.1. H83. This publication is no. IX 3, of the Türk Tarih Kurumu.

16 MDOG LXXIV 16–7, fig. 11.

17 Iraq XI 193.

18 AJA XLIV 65–7; LAAA XXV 80–2, pl. XXII.

19 Professor Garstang has drawn my attention to the decoration on the Early Chalcolithic vase, LAAA XXVI, pl. XXX 5, in which he recognises, only tentatively, a pair of eyes. The vase is admittedly too early in any case to support my hypothesis.

20 JNES VIII 198–9, fig. 2, nos. 19–20.