Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xm8r8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-18T23:24:19.728Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Net mineral requirements for the growth and maintenance of Somali lambs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2018

E. S. Pereira ,
F. W. R. Lima ,
A. C. N. Campos ,
M. S. S. Carneiro ,
L. P. Silva ,
M. W. F. Pereira ,
A. N. Medeiros ,
L. R. Bezerra  and
R. L. Oliveira Open the ORCID record for R. L. Oliveira [Opens in a new window]
E. S. Pereira
Affiliation:
Animal Science Department, Federal University of Ceara, 2977, Mister Hull Avenue, 60356000 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
F. W. R. Lima
Affiliation:
Animal Science Department, Federal University of Ceara, 2977, Mister Hull Avenue, 60356000 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
A. C. N. Campos
Affiliation:
Animal Science Department, Federal University of Ceara, 2977, Mister Hull Avenue, 60356000 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
M. S. S. Carneiro
Affiliation:
Animal Science Department, Federal University of Ceara, 2977, Mister Hull Avenue, 60356000 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
L. P. Silva
Affiliation:
Animal Science Department, Federal University of Ceara, 2977, Mister Hull Avenue, 60356000 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
M. W. F. Pereira
Affiliation:
Animal Science Department, Federal University of Ceara, 2977, Mister Hull Avenue, 60356000 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
A. N. Medeiros
Affiliation:
Animal Science Department, Federal University of Paraiba, Rodovia PB 079, 58397000 Areia, Paraiba, Brazil
L. R. Bezerra
Affiliation:
Animal Science Department, Federal University of Piaui, Rodovia Bom Jesus-Viana, km 135, 64900000 Bom Jesus, Piaui, Brazil
R. L. Oliveira*
Affiliation:
Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Department, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 40170110 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
*
†E-mail: ronaldooliveira@ufba.br
Get access

Abstract

Minerals are limiting factors in animal production, and the knowledge of mineral requirements for livestock is crucial to the success of a commercial enterprise. Hair sheep may have different mineral requirements than those presents by the international committees. A study was carried to evaluate the net calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) requirements for the growth and maintenance of Brazilian Somali lambs. A total of 48 hair lambs (13.5±1.8 kg) aged 60±15 days were allocated to individual pens. Eight animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment to serve as a reference group to estimate initial empty BW (EBW) and initial body composition. The remaining lambs (n=40) were assigned to a completely randomized design with eight replications in five levels of metabolizable energy (ME; 4.93, 8.65, 9.41, 10.12 and 11.24 MJ/kg DM). When the lambs of a given treatment reached an average BW of 28 kg, they were slaughtered. Initial body composition was used to calculate the retention of minerals. Mineral body composition was fit using a logarithmic equation in the form of a nonlinear model. The maintenance requirements were estimated from regressions of mineral retention in the empty body on mineral intake. The body mineral concentration decreased in lambs with a BW ranging from 15 to 30 kg. The net mineral requirements (100 g/day of average daily gain (ADG)) decreased from 0.52 to 0.51 g for Ca, 0.28 to 0.23 g for P, 0.02 to 0.02 g for Mg, 0.09 to 0.08 g for Na, 0.11 to 0.09 g for K, 1.30 to 1.08 mg for Zn, 3.77 to 3.22 mg for Fe, 0.08 to 0.06 mg for Mn and 0.09 to 0.08 mg for Cu when BW increased from 15 to 30 kg. The daily net requirements for maintenance per kilogram of BW were 30.13 mg of Ca, 27.58 mg of P, 1.26 mg of Mg, 4.12 mg of Na, 8.11 mg of K, 0.133 mg of Zn, 0.271 mg of Fe, 0.002 mg of Mn and 0.014 mg of Cu. The results of this study indicate that the net mineral requirements for weight gain and maintenance in Brazilian Somali lambs are different than the values that are commonly recommended by the main evaluation systems for feed and nutritional requirements for sheep. These results for the nutritional requirements of minerals may help to optimize mineral supply for hair sheep.

Keywords

growthhair sheepmacromineralsmicromineralssmall ruminant
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , January 2019 , pp. 112 - 118
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agricultural and Food Research Council (AFRC) 1991. A reappraisal of the calcium and phosphorus requirements of sheep and cattle, report 6. Nutrition abstracts and reviews. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Wallingford, UK.Google Scholar
Agricultural Research Council (ARC) 1980. Nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, UK.Google Scholar
Ahmed, MM, Siham, AK and Barri, ME 2000. Macromineral profile in the plasma of Nubian goats as affected by the physiological state. Small Ruminant Research 38, 249–254.Google Scholar
Allen, MS, Bradford, BJ and Oba, M 2009. The hepatic oxidation theory of the control of feed intake and its application to ruminants. Journal of Animal Science 87, 3317–3334.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) 1990. Official methods of analysis, 15th edition. AOAC, Arlington, VA, USA.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) 2000. Official methods of analysis, 17th edition. AOAC, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.Google Scholar
Barbosa Neto, AC, Oliveira, SMP, Faco, O and Lobo, RNB 2010. Efeitos genéticos aditivos e não-aditivos em características de crescimento, reprodutivas e habilidade materna em ovinos das raças Santa Inês, Somalis Brasileira, Dorper e Poll Dorset. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 39, 1943–1951.Google Scholar
Bellof, G, Most, E and Pallauf, J 2007. Concentration of copper, iron, manganese and zinc in muscle, fat and bone tissue of lambs of the breed German Merino Land sheep in the course of the growing period and different feeding intensities. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 91, 100–108.Google Scholar
Braselton, WE, Stuart, KJ, Mullaney, TP and Herdt, TH 1997. Biopsy mineral analysis by inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy with ultrasonic nebulization. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 9, 395–400.Google Scholar
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation – CSIRO Publishing 2007. Nutrient requirements of domesticated ruminants. Collingwood, Australia, 270p.Google Scholar
Conrad, HR, Hibbs, JW and Pratt, AD 1964. Regulation of feed intake in dairy cows. I. Change in importance of physical+physiological factors with increasing digestibility. Journal of Dairy Science 47, 54–62.Google Scholar
Costa, MRGF, Pereira, ES, Silva, AMA, Paulino, PVR, Mizubuti, IY, Pimentel, PG, Pinto, AP and Rocha Junior, JN 2013. Body composition and net energy and protein requirements of Morada Nova lambs. Small Ruminant Research 114, 206–213.Google Scholar
Galvani, DB, Pires, CC, Kozloski, GV and Wommer, TP 2008. Energy requirements of Texel crossbred lambs. Journal of Animal Science 86, 3480–3490.Google Scholar
Kincaid, RL 2000. Assessment of trace mineral status of ruminants: a review. Journal of Animal Science 77 (suppl), 1–10.Google Scholar
Lippke, H, Ellis, WC and Jacobs, BF 1986. Recovery of indigestible fiber from feces of sheep and cattle on forage diets. Journal of Dairy Science 69, 403–412.Google Scholar
Lofgreen, GP and Garrett, WN 1968. A system for expressing net energy requirements and feed values for growing and finishing beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science 27, 793–806.Google Scholar
Mahanti, H and Barnes, RM 1983. Determination of major and trace elements in bone by ICPEs. Analytica Chimica Acta 151, 409.Google Scholar
McDonald, P and Orskov, ER 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. Journal of Agricultural Science 92, 499–503.Google Scholar
McDowell, LR 1992. Minerals in animal and human nutrition. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.Google Scholar
Mertens, DR 1987. Predicting intake and digestibility using mathematical models of ruminal function. Journal of Animal Science 64, 1548–1558.Google Scholar
Mendes, RS, Silva, AMA, Silva, GLS, Nóbrega, GH, Lôbo, KM and Pereira Filho, JM 2010. Exigência líquida de zinco, cobre e ferro para cordeiros em pastejo no semiárido. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 32, 279–284.Google Scholar
National Research Council (NRC) 2000. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle, 7th revised edition. National Academies Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
National Research Council (NRC) 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle, 7th edition. National Academies Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
National Research Council (NRC) 2007. Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids and new world camelids, 1st edition. National Academies Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Oliveira, AP, Pereira, ES, Biffani, S, Medeiros, AN, Silva, AMA, Oliveira, RL and Marcondes, MI 2018. Meta-analysis of the energy and protein requirements of hair sheep raised in the tropical region of Brazil. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 102, 52–60.Google Scholar
Pereira, ES, Carmo, ABR, Costa, MRGF, Medeiros, AN, Oliveira, RL, Pinto, AP, Carneiro, MSS, Lima, FWR, Campos, ACN and Gomes, SP 2016. Mineral requirements of hair sheep in tropical climates. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 100, 1090–1096.Google Scholar
Pereira, ES, Fontenele, RM, Silva, AMA, Oliveira, RL, Ferreira, MRG, Mizubuti, IY, Carneiro, MSS and Campos, ACN 2014. Body composition and net energy requirements of Brazilian Somali lambs. Italian Journal of Animal Science 13, 880–886.Google Scholar
Pereira, ES, Lima, FWR, Marcondes, MI, Rodrigues, JPP, Campos, ACN, Silva, LP, Bezerra, LR, Pereira, MWF and Oliveira, RL 2017. Energy and protein requirements of Santa Ines lambs, a breed of hair sheep. Animal 11, 2165–2174.Google Scholar
Regadas Filho, JGL, Pereira, ES, Pimentel, PG, Villarroel, ABS, Medeiros, NA and Fontenele, RM 2013. Body composition and net energy requirements for Santa Ines lambs. Small Ruminant Research 109, 107–112.Google Scholar
Salah, N, Sauvant, D and Archimède, H 2014. Nutritional requirements of sheep, goats and cattle in warm climates: a meta-analysis. Animal 8, 1439–1447.Google Scholar
Sanz Sampelayo, MR, Allegretti, L, Gil Extremera, F and Boza, J 2003. Growth, body composition and energy utilization in pre-ruminant goat kids: effect of dry matter concentration in the milk replacer and animal age. Small Ruminant Research 49, 61–67.Google Scholar
Suttle, NF 2010. Mineral nutrition of livestock, 4th edition. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International, Oxfordshire, UK.Google Scholar
Underwood, EJ and Suttle, NF 1999. The mineral nutrition of livestock, 3th edition. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International, Wallingford, UK.Google Scholar
Van Soest, PJ, Robertson, JB and Lewis, BA 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral-detergent fiber and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal Dairy Science 74, 3583–3597.Google Scholar
Weiss, WP 1993. Symposium: prevailing concepts in energy utilization by ruminants. Predicting energy values of feeds. Journal of Dairy Science 76, 1802–1811.Google Scholar