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Beef palatability and its relationship with protein degradation and muscle fibre type profile in longissimus thoracis in Alentejana breed from divergent growth pathways

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2016

P. Costa ,
J. A. Simões ,
S. P. Alves ,
J. P. C. Lemos ,
C. M. Alfaia ,
P. A. Lopes ,
J. A. M. Prates ,
J. F. Hocquette ,
C. R. Calkins  and
V. Vleck
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P. Costa*
Affiliation:
CIISA – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
J. A. Simões
Affiliation:
L-INIAV Santarém, Instituto Nacional dos Recursos Biológicos, Quinta da Fonte Boa, 2005-048 Vale de Santarém, Portugal
S. P. Alves
Affiliation:
CIISA – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
J. P. C. Lemos
Affiliation:
CIISA – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
C. M. Alfaia
Affiliation:
CIISA – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
P. A. Lopes
Affiliation:
CIISA – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
J. A. M. Prates
Affiliation:
CIISA – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
J. F. Hocquette
Affiliation:
INRA, UR 1213, Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores (URH), Theix, F-63122 Saint-Genés Champanelle, France Clermont Université, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213, Herbivores, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
C. R. Calkins
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA
V. Vleck
Affiliation:
CIPER – Faculdade de Mótricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da costa, Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, 1499-002 Lisboa, Portugal
R. J. B. Bessa
Affiliation:
CIISA – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal L-INIAV Santarém, Instituto Nacional dos Recursos Biológicos, Quinta da Fonte Boa, 2005-048 Vale de Santarém, Portugal
*
† E-mail: paulocosta@fmv.utl.pt
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Abstract

The traditional beef production in the South of Portugal is based on a discontinuous growth (DG) system that requires lower external inputs and could enhance meat quality and financial returns to cattle producers. This system allows farmers to take advantage of the bull’s compensatory growth when the pasture is abundant and finishes the cattle on concentrates for 2 to 3 months before slaughter. The fast gain rate before slaughter could be a valuable strategy to improve tenderness and to reduce its inconsistency in beef production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of production system (continuous growth (CG) v. DG) on longissimus thoracis muscle properties from Alentejana bulls. In total, 40 Alentejana male calves were allocated to two distinct feeding regimes: in the CG system, animals were fed concentrate plus hay and slaughtered at 18 months of age, whereas in the DG system, animals were fed on hay until 15 months of age and then fed the same diet provided to the CG group until 24 months of age. The DG system had a positive impact on meat tenderness (P<0.001) and global acceptability (P<0.001). DG bulls had greater fibre cross-sectional area (CSA) of glycolytic fibres (P<0.05) and relative area of the muscle (RA) occupied by type IIX fibres (P<0.01) and greater levels of α-actinin (P<0.05) and myosin light chain 2 (P<0.01) proteins, and pH24h (P<0.01) than CG bulls. The latter had greater CSA of type I (P<0.05) and type IIA (P<0.01) and greater RA of type IIA (P<0.05) and oxidative (P<0.05) than CG bulls. The compensatory growth production system had a positive impact on meat tenderness and global acceptability, overcoming the negative effects of slaughter of the bulls at a later age. The DG beef system could be a worthwhile strategy of beef production in Mediterranean areas due to the low-quality pasture in summer.

Keywords

bullscompensatory growthmeat sensory characteristicsmuscle fibre traitsmuscle protein fragments
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 11 , Issue 1 , January 2017 , pp. 175 - 182
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2016 

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