Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-swr86 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T12:46:04.808Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Power of the European Parliament as a Conditional Agenda Setter

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2013

George Tsebelis
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles

Abstract

The European Parliament under the current cooperation procedure has an important power: it can make proposals that, if accepted by the Commission of the European Communities, are easier for the Council of Ministers to accept than to modify, since only qualified majority is required for acceptance, whereas full unanimity for modification. The importance of this power, which I call the power of the conditional agenda setter, has not been recognized in previous scholarly work. For structural reasons explained in the text, this power is likely to increase in the future. I conclude by arguing that the conditional delegation of power to international actors (the European Parliament, Commission, and the Court of Justice) is a frequent phenomenon in European institutions. This delegation presents three important advantages: it makes possible the selection of one among many possible equilibria, it accelerates European integration, and it diffuses responsibility for politically unpopular measures.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baron, David, and Ferejohn, John. 1989. “Bargaining in Legislatures.” American Political Science Review 83:11811206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bieber, Roland. 1988. “Legislative Procedure for the Establishment of the Single Market.” Common Market Review 25:711–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bieber, Roland, Pantalis, J., and Schoo, J.. 1986. “Implications of the Single Act for the European Parliament.” Common Market Law Review 23:767–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bogdanor, Vernon. 1989. “The June 1989 European Elections and the Institutions of the Community.” Government and Opposition 24:199214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowler, Shaun, and Farrell, David M.. 1993. “Legislator Shirking and Voter Monitoring Impacts of European Parliament Electoral Systems upon Legislator/Voter Relationships.” Journal of Common Market Studies 31:4569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron, David R. 1992. “The 1992 Initiative: Causes and Consequences.” In Euro-Politics, ed. Sbragia, Alberta. Washington: Brookings Institute.Google Scholar
Dehousse, R. 1989. “1992 and Beyond: The Institutional Dimension of the Internal Market Programme.” Legal Issues of European Integration 1:109–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edward, David. 1987. “The Impact of the Single Act on the Institutions.” Common Market Law Review 24:1930.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
European Parliament. 1992. Les avis legislatifs du Parlement Europeen et leur impact. Direction Generale des Etudes, Luxembourg.Google Scholar
Fitzmaurice, John. 1988. “An Analysis of the European Community's Co-operation Procedure.” Journal of Common Market Studies 4:389400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garrett, G. 1992. “International Cooperation and Institutional Choice: The European Community's Internal Market.” International Organization 46:533–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garret, G., and Weingast, B.. 1993. “Ideas, Interests, and Institutions: Constructing the EC's Internal Market.” In Ideas and Foreign Policy, ed. Goldstein, J. and Keohane, R.. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Gilligan, Thomas W., and Krehbiel, Keith. 1989. “Collective Decision-Making and Standing Committees: An Informational Rationale for Restrictive Amendment Prodedures.” Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 3:145–93.Google Scholar
Greenberg, Joseph. 1979. “Consistent Majority Rule over Compact Sets of Alternatives.” Econometrica 47:627–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haas, Ernst B. 1958. The Uniting of Europe: Political, Social, and Economic Forces, 1950–57. London: Stevens & Sons.Google Scholar
Haas, Ernst B. 1971. “The Study of Regional Integration: Reflections on the Joy and Anguish of Pretheorizing.” In Regional Integration, Theory, and Research, ed. Linberg, L. N. and Scheingold, S. A.. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Hammond, Thomas H., and Miller, Gary J.. 1987. “The Core of the Constitution.American Political Science Review 81:1155–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobs, Francis, and Corbett, Richard. 1990. The European Parliament. Harlow, UK: Longman.Google Scholar
Keohane, Robert O., and Hoffmann, Stanley. 1991. The New European Community: Decisionmaking and Institutional Change. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Kim, Charlotte. 1992. “Cats and Mice: The Politics of Setting EC Car Emission Standards.” Center for European Policy Studies Standards Program Paper No. 2. Harvard University.Google Scholar
Krasner, Stephen. 1991. “Global Communications and National Power: Life on the Pareto Frontier.” World Politics 43:336–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krehbiel, Keith. 1987. “Why Are Congressional Committees Powerful?American Political Science Review 81:929–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peter, Lange. 1992. “The Politics of the Social Dimension.” In Euro-Politics, ed. Sbragia, Alberta. Washington: Brookings Institute.Google Scholar
Lenaerts, Koen. 1991. “Some Reflections on the Separation of Powers in the European Community.” Common Market Law Review 28:1135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindberg, Leon N. 1963. The Political Dynamics of European Integration. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Lodge, Juliet. 1987. “The Single European Act and the New Legislative Cooperation Procedure: A Critical Analysis.” Journal of European Integration 11:528.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lodge, Juliet. 1989. “The European Parliament—from ‘Assembly’ to Co-legislature: Changing the Institutional Dynamics.” In The European Community and the Challenge of the Future, ed. Lodge, Juliet. London: Pinter.Google Scholar
McKelvey, Richard D. 1976. “Intransitivities in Multidimensional Voting Models and Some Implications for Agenda Control.” Journal of Economic Theory 12:472–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Money, Jeannette, and Tsebelis, George. 1992. “Cicero's Puzzle: Upper House Power in Comparative Perspective.” International Political Science Review 13:2543.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moravcsik, Andrew. 1991. “Negotiating the Single European Act: National Interests and Conventional Statecraft in the European Community.” International Organization 45:1756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nugent, Neill, 1989. The Government and Politics of the European Community. London: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ordeshook, Peter C., and Schwartz, Thomas. 1987. “Agenda and the Control of Political Outcomes.” American Political Science Review 81:179200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peters, B. Guy. 1992. “Bureaucratic Politics and the Institutions of the European Community.” In Euro-Politics, ed. Sbragia, Alberta. Washington: Brookings Institute.Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert D. 1988. “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-level Games.” International Organization 42:427–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sbragia, Alberta M., Ed. 1992. Euro-Politics. Washington: Brookings Institute.Google Scholar
Scharpf, Fritz W. 1988. “The Joint-Decision Trap: Lessons from German Federalism and European Integration.” Public Administration 66:239–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheingold, Stuart A. 1970. “Domestic and International Consequences of Regional Integration.” International Organization 24:9781002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schofield, Norman. 1978. “Instability of Simple Dynamic Games.” Review of Economic Studies 45:575–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, Shapiro. 1992. “The European Court of Justice.” In Euro-Politics, ed. Sbragia, Alberta. Washington: Brookings Institute.Google Scholar
Shepsle, Kenneth A. 1979. “Institutional Arrangements and Equilibrium in Multidimensional Voting Models.American Journal of Political Science. 23:2757.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepsle, Kenneth A., and Weingast, Barry R.. 1984. “Uncovered Sets and Sophisticated Outcomes with Implications for Agenda Institutions.” American Journal of Political Science 28:4974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepsle, Kenneth A., and Weingast, Barry R.. 1987a. “The Institutional Foundations of Committee Power.” American Political Science Review 81:85104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepsle, Kenneth A., and Weingast, Barry R.. 1987b. “Why Are Congressional Committees Powerful?American Political Science Review 81:935–45.Google Scholar
Stephen, R. 1992. “Domestic Interests, Interstate Bargains, and European Integration: The Case of the Automobile Sector.” Presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago.Google Scholar
Thomas, H. G. 1988. “Democracy and 1992—integration without Accountability?Liverpool Law Review 10:185201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsebelis, George. 1990. Nested Games: Rational Choice in Comparative Politics. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Tsebelis, George, and Money, Jeannette. N.d. “Bicameral Negotiations: The Navette System in France.” British Journal of Political Science. Forthcoming.Google Scholar
Van Hamme, Alain. 1989. “The European Parliament and the New Cooperation Procedure.” Studia Diplomatica 3:291314.Google Scholar
Wallace, Helen, Wallace, William, and Webb, Carol, eds. 1983. Policy Making in the European Community 2d ed.New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Wallace, William. 1982. “Europe as a Confederation: The Community and the Nation State.” Journal of Common Market Studies 21:5768.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace, William. 1983. “Less Than a Federation, More Than a Regime: The Community as a Political System.” In Policy Making in the European Community, 2d ed., Helen Wallace, William Wallace and Carol Webb. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Webb, Carol. 1983. “Theoretical Perspectives and Problems.” In Policy Making in the European Community, 2d ed., Wallace, Helen, Wallace, William, and Webb, Carol. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Weber, Shlomo, and Wiesmeth, Hans. 1991. “Issue Linkage in the European community.” Journal of Common Market Studies 29:255–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wessels, Wolfgang. 1991. “The EC Council: The Community's Decisionmaking Center.” In The New European Community, ed. Keohane, Robert and Hoffman, Stanley. Boulder: Westview.Google Scholar
Williams, Shirley. 1991. “Sovereignty and Accountability in the European Community.” In The New European Community, ed. Keohane, R. O. and Hoffman, S.. Boulder: Westview.Google Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.