Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-tn8tq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-24T23:57:49.309Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Ritual Continuity and Transformation in Mesoamerica: Reconstructing the Ancient Maya Cuch Ritual

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Mary Pohl*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306

Abstract

The use of ethnohistoric and ethnographic data in interpreting evidence for prehistoric ritual activity is highly controversial in Mesoamerican circles. This paper traces the long history of a Maya ceremony identified as the cuch rite. Although transformations in characters and symbols have occurred, continuity is also evident. Application of the ethnohistorical approach has suggested that a large corpus of ancient art depicts fertility and accession ceremonies. The stag appears to have been a major agricultural supernatural in Maya religion.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 1981

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References Cited

Anders, F. 1963 Das Pantheon der Maya. Akademische Druck-u. Verlangsanstalt, Graz.Google Scholar
Anders, F. 1967 Codex Tro-Cortesianus. Akademische Druck-u. Verlangsanstalt, Graz.Google Scholar
Bricker, V. R. 1973 Ritual humor in Highland Chiapas. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Bricker, V. R. 1978 Quetzalcoat and Tiaioc in Zinacantán. Paper presented at the XXVI annual meeting of the American Society for Ethnohistory, Austin.Google Scholar
Caso, A. 1958 The Aztecs, people of the Sun. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. Google Scholar
Chamberlain, R. S. 1948 The conquest and colonization of Yucatán, 1517-1550. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 582.Google Scholar
Gloss, M. 1977 Decipherment of the Maya zero hieroglyph. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Maya Art, Architecture, Archaeology and Hieroglyphic Writing, Guatemala City.Google Scholar
Coe, M. 1975 Classic Maya pottery at Dumbarton Oaks. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Duran, D. 1971 Boole of the gods and the ancient calendar, translated by Horcasitas, F. and Heyden, D.. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Edmonson, M. S. 1971 The Book of Counsel: the Popol Vuh of the Quiché Maya of Guatemala. Tulane University, Middle America Research Institute, Publication 35.Google Scholar
Furst, J. L. 1977 The tree birth tradition in the Mixteca, Mexico. Journal of Latin American Lore 3:183226.Google Scholar
Gage, T. 1958 Thomas Gage's travels in the New World, edited by Thompson, I- E. S.. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Girard, R. 1962 Los Mayas eternos. Libro Mex Editores, México.Google Scholar
Girard, R. 1966 Los Mayas. Libro Mex Editores, México.Google Scholar
Gossen, G. 1974 Chamulas in the world of the sun. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.Google Scholar
Hatt, R. T. 1953 Faunal and archaeological researches in Yucatán caves. Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bulletin 33.Google Scholar
Hultkrantz, A. 1979 The religions of the American Indians, translated by Setterwall, M.. University of California Press, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Kubler, G. 1967 The iconography of the art of Teotihuacan. In Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology 4. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Kubler, G. 1969 Studies in Classic Maya iconography. Memoirs of the Connecticut Academy of Art and Sciences vol. XVIII.Google Scholar
Kubler, G. 1970 Period, style and meaning in ancient American art. New Literary History: A Journal of Theory and Interpretation from the University of Virginia 1:127144.Google Scholar
La Farge, O. 1947 Santa Eulalia. The religion of a Chuchumatán Indian town. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
López de Cogolludo, D. 1971 Los tres siglos de la dominación española en Yucatán o sea historia de esta provincia (2 vols.). Akademische Druck-u. Verlangsanstalt, Graz.Google Scholar
MacLeod, M. J. 1973 Spanish Central America: a socioeconomic history, 1520-1720. University of California Press, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Mendelson, E. M. 1958 A Guatemalan sacred bundle. Man 58:121126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mercer, H. C. 1975 The hill caves of Yucatán, with a new introduction by J. E. S. Thompson. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Miller, A. G., and Farriss, N. M. 1979 Religious syncretism in colonial Yucatán: the archaeológical and ethnohistorical evidence from Tancah, Quintans Roo. In Maya archaeology and ethnohistory, edited by Hammond, N. and Willey, G. R. pp. 223240. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Morley, S. G. 1946 The ancient Maya. Stanford University Press, Stanford.Google Scholar
Morris, W. 1980 Warping glyphs: a reading of Maya textiles. Paper presented at the Cuarta Mesa Redonda de Palenque, Palenque, Chiapas, Mexico.Google Scholar
Murphy, R. F. 1958 Mundurucu religion. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Berkeley 49:1209.Google Scholar
Nicholson, H. B. 1966 The problem of the provenience of the Codex Borgia group. A summary. In Suma antropológica en homenaje a Roberto J. Weitlaner. Institute Nacional de Antropológia e Historia, México.Google Scholar
Panofsky, E. 1960 Renaissance and renascences. Almqvist and Wiksell, Stockholm.Google Scholar
Parsons, E. C. 1936 Mitia. town of the souls. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Pohl, J. 1979 Rain gods and flayed skins: a costume element complex associated with arrow and spear sacrifices. Paper presented at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference on Ritual Sacrifice in Precolumbian Mesoamerica, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Pohl, M. E. D. 1976 Ethnozoology of the Maya: an analysis of fauna from five sites in Petén Guatemala. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Harvard University.Google Scholar
Proskouriakoff, T. 1960 Historical implications of a pattern of dates at Piedras Negras, Guatemala. American Antiquity 25:454475.Google Scholar
Proskouriakoff, T. 1963 Historical data in the inscriptions of Yaxchilan. Estudios de Cultura Maya 3:149167.Google Scholar
Proskouriakoff, T. 1964 Historical data in the inscriptions of Yaxchilan. Part II. Estudios de Cultura Maya 4:177201.Google Scholar
Redfield, R. 1936 The coati and the ceiba. Maya Research 3:231243.Google Scholar
Redfield, R. 1941 The folk culture of Yucatán. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Redfield, R., and Villa R., A. 1962 Chan Kom: a Maya village (second ed.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Remesal, A. 1964-1966 Historia general de Jos indios occidentales y particular de la gobernacidn de Chiapa y Guatemala, edited by de Santa Maria, C. Saenz. Biblioteca de Autores Españoles (vols. 175,179, third ed.). Ediciones Atlas, Madrid.Google Scholar
Roys, R. L. 1965 Ritual of the Bacabs: a book of Maya incantations. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Roys, R. L. 1967 The Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Ruppert, K., Thompson, J. E. S., and Proskouriakoff, T. 1955 Bonampak, Chiapas, Mexico. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 602.Google Scholar
Sahagun, B. 1951 Florentine Codex: general history of the things of New Spain. Book 2—The ceremonies, translated by Anderson, A. I. O. and Dibble, C. S., School of American Research and the University of Utah, Santa Fe.Google Scholar
Savage, H. 1978 Faunal findings in cave sites in Belize. Paper presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Tucson.Google Scholar
Scheie, L. 1978 Genealogical documentation on the tri-figure panels at Palenque. Tercera Mesa Redonda de Palenque vol. IV, pp. 4170. Pre-Columbian Art Research Center, Palenque and Herald Printers, Monterey, Calif.Google Scholar
Scheie, L. 1979 Sacrifice among the Classic Maya: the glyphs and iconography. Paper presented at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference on Ritual Sacrifice in Precolumbian Mesoamerica. Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Scholes, F. V., and Adams, E. B. (editors) 1938 Don Diego de Quijada, Alcalde mayor de Yucatán, 1561-1565. Antigua Libreria Robredo, Mexico.Google Scholar
Scholes, F. V., and Roys, R. L. 1938 Fray Diego de Landa and the problem of idolatry in Yucatán. Coöperation in Research. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 501:585620.Google Scholar
Smith, A. L., and Kidder, A. V. 1943 Explorations in the Motagua Valley, Guatemala. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Contributions to American Archaeology 19.Google Scholar
Stephens, J. L. 1841 Incidents of travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatán (2 vols.). Harper, New York. The 1843 edition also cited.Google Scholar
Taube, K. 1979 A study of contemporary Yucatec cattle ceremonies. Unpublished ms. in possession of author.Google Scholar
Thompson, Donald 1954 Maya paganism and Christianity: a history of the fusion of two religions. Tulane University, Middle American Research Institute, Publication 19:135.Google Scholar
Thompson, J. S., Eric 1970 Maya history and religion. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Thompson, J. S., Eric 1977 A proposal for constituting a Maya subgroup, cultural and linguistic, in the Petén and adjacent regions. In Anthropology and History in Yucatán, edited by Jones, G. D., pp. 342. University of Texas Press, Austin. Tozzer, A. M. Google Scholar
Thompson, J. Eric S. 1907 A comparative study of the Mayas and the Lacondones. Macmillan, New York.Google Scholar
Thompson, J. Eric S. 1941 Landa's relación da las cosas da Yucatán. Harvard University, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 18.Google Scholar
Tozzer, A. M, and Allen, G. M. 1910 Animal figures in the Maya codices. Harvard University, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 4.Google Scholar
Trik, A. S. 1963 The splendid tomb of Temple I at Tikal, Guatemala. Expedition 6:218.Google Scholar
Villa, R. A. 1945 The Maya of east central Quintans Roo. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 559.Google Scholar
Villacorta, C. J. A., and Villacorta, C. A. 1930 Codices Mayas. Dresdensis-Peresianus-Tro-Cortesianus. Tipografia Nacional, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Vogt, E. Z. 1969 Zinacantan: a Maya community in the Highlands of Chiapas. Belknap Press, Cambridge, Mass.Google Scholar
Vogt, E. Z. 1976 Tortillas for the gods: a symbolic analysis of Zinacanteco rituals. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.Google Scholar
Vogt, E. Z. 1977 On the symbolic meaning of percussion in Zinacanteco ritual. Journal of Anthropological Iiesearch 33:231244.Google Scholar
Wasserstrom, R. 1976 White /others and red souls: Indian-Ladino relations in Highland Chiapas, 1528-1973. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Harvard University.Google Scholar
Wasserstrom, R. 1978 Religious service in Zinacantan, 1793-1975. Paper presented at the 77th annual meetings of the American Anthropological Association, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Ximenez, F. 1929-1931 Historia de la Provincia de San Vicente de Chiapa y Guatemala de la érden de Predicadores (3 vols.). Tipografia Nacional, Guatemala.Google Scholar