Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-r5zm4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-25T16:51:07.425Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Donnelly Ridge Site and the Definition of an Early Core and Blade Complex in Central Alaska

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Frederick Hadleigh-West
Frederick Hadleigh-West*
Affiliation:
Alaska Methodist University, Anchorage, Alaska
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Excavations carried out at the site of Donnelly Ridge in central Alaska have led to the delineation of an early core and blade culture which includes the Campus site and two sites previously excavated on the Teklanika River to the west. Sites of the Denali complex are linked by distinctive microblade cores, core tablets and microblades derived from the latter, large blades, biconvex bifacial knives, certain end-scraper forms, a distinctive burin type, and other traits. The clearest affiliations of the Denali complex are with a series of late Upper Palaeolithic sites west of Lake Baikal, but relationships may be seen with sites in Hokkaido and Kamchatka as well. The bearers of this culture probably entered Alaska prior to the final submergence of the Bering land bridge.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , July 1967 , pp. 360 - 382
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1967

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References Cited

Abramova, Z. A. 1965 Krasnyi IAr: A New Paleolithic Site on the Angara. Arctic Anthropology, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 122–8. MadisonGoogle Scholar
Auerbakh, N. K. and Sosnovskii, G. P. 1932 Materialy k Izucheniiu Paleoliticheskoi industrii i uslovii ee nakhozhdeniia na stoianke Afontova Gora. (Material for the investigation of the Paleolithic industry and the conditions of its development at the Afontova Gora site). Trudy Komissii po Izucheniiu Chetvertchnogo Perioda, I, pp. 45–113. Leningrad.Google Scholar
Bandi, Hans-Georo 1965 Urgeschichte der Eskimo. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Befu, Harumi and Chard, Chester S. 1960 Preceramic Cultures in Japan. American Anthropologist, n.s., Vol. 62, No. 5, pp. 815–49. Menasha.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Black, Robert F. and Laughlin, William S. 1964 Anangula: A Geologic Interpretation of the Oldest Archaeologic Site in the Aleutians. Science, Vol. 143, No. 3612, pp. 1321–2. Washington.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, John M. 1961 The Tuktu Complex of Anaktuvuk Pass. Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 61–80. College.Google Scholar
Chard, Chester S. 1956 The Oldest Sites of Northeast Siberia. American Antiquity, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 405–07. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chard, Chester S. 1958 New World Migration Routes. Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 23–6. College.Google Scholar
Chard, Chester S. 1960 Routes to Bering Strait. American Antiquity, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 283–5. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chard, Chester S. and Workman, William B. 1965 Soviet Radiocarbon Dates: II. Arctic Anthro pology, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 146–50. Madison.Google Scholar
Colinvaux, Paul A. 1964 The Environment of the Bering Land Bridge. Ecological Monographs, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 297–329. Durham.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dikov, N. N. 1965 The Stone Age of Kamchatka and the Chukchi Peninsula in the Light of New Archaeological Data. Arctic Anthropology, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 10–25, Madison.Google Scholar
Gerasimov, M. M. 1964 The Paleolithic Site Mal’ta: Excavations of 1956–1957. In “The Archaeology and Geomorphology of Northern Asia: Selected Works,” edited by Henry N. Michael. Arctic Institute of North America, Anthropology of the North: Translations from Russian Sources, No. 5. University of Toronto Press, Toronto.Google Scholar
Giddings, J. L. 1952 The Arctic Woodland Culture of the Kobuk River. Museum Monographs, The University Museum. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.Google Scholar
Giddings, J. L. 1962a Side-notched Points near Bering Strait. In “Prehistoric Cultural Relations Between the Arctic and Temperate Zones of North America,” edited by John M. Campbell. Arctic Institute of North America, Technical Paper, No. 11. Montreal.Google Scholar
Giddings, J. L. 1962b Onion Portage and Other Flint Sites of the Kobuk River. Arctic Anthropology, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 6–27. Madison.Google Scholar
Giddings, J. L. 1964 The Archaeology of Cape Denbigh. Brown University Press, Providence.Google Scholar
Hadleigh-West, Frederick 1963 Leaf-Shaped Points in the Western Arctic. In “Early Man in the Western American Arctic: A Symposium,” edited by Frederick Hadleigh-West. Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 51–62. College.Google Scholar
Hadleigh-West, Frederick 1965a Archaeological Survey and Excavations in the Proposed Rampart Dam Impoundment, Central Alaska, 1963–64. Report to the National Park Service. University of Alaska, College.Google Scholar
Hadleigh-West, Frederick 1965b Excavations at Two Sites on the Teklanika River, Mount McKinley National Park, Alaska. Report to the National Park Service. University of Alaska, College.Google Scholar
Hadleigh-West, Frederick 1967 A System of Archaeological Sites Designation for Alaska. American Antiquity, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 107–08. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heizer, Robert F. and Kelley, Harper 1961 Scraper Plane Burins. The Masterlcey, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 146–50. Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Hopkins, David M. 1959 Cenozoic History of the Bering Land Bridge. Science, Vol. 129, No. 3362, pp. 1519–28. Washington.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hopkins, D. M., Macneil, F. S., and Leopold, E. B. 1960 The Coastal Plain at Nome, Alaska: A Late Cenozoic Type Section for the Bering Strait Region. Report of the International Geological Congress, XXI Session, Norden, 1960. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Hrdlička, Aleš 1930a Anthropological Survey in Alaska, Bureau of American Ethnology, Annual Report, No. 46. Washington.Google Scholar
Hrdlička, Aleš 1930b The Ancient and Modern Inhabitants of the Yukon. Explorations and Field Work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1929. Washington.Google Scholar
Hrdlička, Aleš 1932 Anthropological Work in Alaska. Explorations and Field Work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1931. Washington.Google Scholar
Irving, William N. 1955 Burins from Central Alaska. American Antiquity, Vol. 20, No. 4, Part 1, pp. 380–3. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Irving, William N. 1957 An Archaeological Survey of the Susitna Valley. Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 37–52. College.Google Scholar
Irving, William N. 1962 A Provisional Comparison of Some Alaskan and Asian Stone Industries. In “Prehistoric Cultural Relations Between the Arctic and Temperate Zones of North America,” edited by John M. Campbell. Arctic Institute of North America, Technical Paper, No. 11. Montreal.Google Scholar
Johnson, Frederick 1946 An Archaeological Survey Along the Alaska Highway, 1944. American Antiquity, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 183–6. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, Frederick and Raup, Hugh M. 1964 Investigations in Southwest Yukon: Geobotanical and Archaeological Reconnaissance. In “Investigations in Southwest Yukon,” Papers of the Robert S. Peahody Foundation for Archaeology, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 3–198. Andover.Google Scholar
de Laguna, Frederica 1936a An Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Middle and Lower Yukon Valley, Alaska. American Antiquity, Vol. 2, No. 1. Menasha.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Laguna, Frederica 1936b Preliminary Report of an Archaeological and Geological Reconnaissance of the Middle and Lower Yukon Valley. American Philosophical Society, Miscellanea, No. 1, Pt. 2. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
de Laguna, Frederica 1947 The Prehistory of Northern North America as Seen from the Yukon. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology, Vol. 12, No. 3, Pt. 2, pp. 1–360. Menasha.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larsen, Helge 1960 The Trail Creek Caves on Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Akten Des 34. Internationalen Amerikanistenkongresses. Wien.Google Scholar
Laughlin, William S. and Aigner, Jean S. 1966 Preliminary Analysis of the Anangula Unifacial Core and Blade Industry. Arctic Anthropology, Vol. 3, No. 2. Madison.Google Scholar
Laughlin, William S. and Marsh, Gordon H. 1954 The Lamellar Flake Manufacturing Site on Anangula Island in the Aleutians. American Antiquity, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 27–39. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LeFebre, Charlene Craft 1956 A Contribution to the Archaeology of the Upper Kuskokwim. American Antiquity, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 268–74. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKennan, Robert A. 1959 The Upper Tanana Indians. Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, pp. 3–230. New Haven.Google Scholar
MacNeish, Richard S. 1954 The Pointed Mountain Site Near Fort Liard, Northwest Territories, Canada. American Antiquity, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 234–53. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacNeish, Richard S. 1964 Investigations in Southwest Yukon: Archaeological Excavation, Comparisons and Speculations. In “Investigations in Southwest Yukon,” Papers of the Robert S. Peabody Foundation for Archaeology, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 201–471. Andover.Google Scholar
Medvedev, G. I. 1964 The Place of the Culture of Verkholenskaia Gora in the Archaeological Sequence of the Baikal Region. American Antiquity, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 461–6. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Merhart, Gero Von 1923 The Paleolithic Period in Siberia: Contributions to the Prehistory of the Yenesei Region. American Anthropologist, n.s., Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 21–55. Menasha.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, H. Morris 1965 Archaeological Survey in Mount McKinley National Park, 1963. Report to the National Park Service. University of Alaska, College.Google Scholar
Nelson, N. C. 1937 Notes on Cultural Relations Between Asia and America. American Antiquity, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 267–72. Menasha.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okladnikov, A. P. 1961 The Paleolithic of Trans-Baikal, edited by Chester S. Chard. American Antiquity, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 486–97. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osgood, Cornelius 1958 Ingalik Social Culture. Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 53. New Haven.Google Scholar
Panichkina, M. Z. 1959 Paleoliticheskie nukleusy (Paleolithic Cores). Arkheologischeskii Sbornik (Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh), Vol. 1, pp. 7–77. Leningrad.Google Scholar
Pewe, Troy L. and William Holmes, G. 1964 Geology of the Mt. Hayes D-4 Quadrangle, Alaska. Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map 1-394. Deparfment of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Washington.Google Scholar
Rainey, Froelich 1939 Archaeology in Central Alaska. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. 36, Pt. 4, pp. 355–405. New York.Google Scholar
Rainey, Froelich 1940 Archaeological Investigations in Central Alaska. American Antiquity, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 299–308. Menasha.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rainey, Froelich 1953 The Significance of Recent Archaeological Discoveries in Inland Alaska. In “Asia and North America Transpacific Contacts,” edited by Marian W. Smith. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology, No. 9, Vol. 18, No. 3, Pt. 2, pp. 43–6. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Reger, R. D., Pewe, T. L., Hadleigh-West, F., and Skarland, I. 1964 Geology and Archaeology of the Yardang Flint Station. Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 92–100. College.Google Scholar
Rudenko, S. I. 1961 The Ust’-Kanskaia Paleolithic Cave. American Antiquity, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 203–15. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shirataki Dantai Kenkyukai (Shirataki Research Group) 1963 Shirataki Iseki No Kenkyu (Study of the Shirataki Site). Sapporo.Google Scholar
Skarland, Ivar and Giddings, J. L. Jr. 1948 Flint Stations in Central Alaska. American Antiquity, Vol. 14. No. 2, pp. 116–20. Menasha.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skarland, Ivar And Keim, Charles J. 1958 Archaeological Discoveries on the Denali Highway. Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 79–88. College.Google Scholar
Solecki, Ralph S. 1950 A Preliminary Report of an. Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Kukpowruk and Kokolik Rivers in Northwest Alaska. American Anticsuity, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 66–9. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solecki, Ralph S. 1951 Archaeology and Ecology of the Arctic Slope of Alaska. Smithsonian Institution Annual Report for 1950, pp. 469–95. Washington.Google Scholar
Sugihara, S. and Tozawa, M. 1960 Pre-ceramic Age in Japan. Acta Asiatica, No. 1, pp. 1–28. Tokyo.Google Scholar
Taylor, William E. 1962 A Distinction Between Blades and Microblades in the American Arctic. American Antiquity, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 425–6. Salt Lake City.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treganza, Adan E. 1964 Archaeological Survey in Mount McKinley National Park, 1964. Report to the National Park Service. University of Alaska, College.Google Scholar
VanStone, James W. 1955 Exploring the Copper River Country. Pacific Northwest Quarterly, Vol. 46, No. 4. Seattle.Google Scholar
Yoshizaki, Masakazu 1959 Tachikawa. Pre-ceramic Stone Industries at the Tachikawa Site, Southern Hokkaido. Hakodate Municipal Museum Research Bulletin, No. 6. Hakodate.Google Scholar
Yoshizaki, Masakazu 1961 Shirataki iseki to Hokkaido no mudoki bunka (The Shirataki Site and the Preceramic Culture in Hokkaido). Minzokugaku Kenkyu, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 13–23. Tokyo.Google Scholar