It is now 30 years since the Communists became a political force in the Andhra Mahasabha of Telangana and took the leadership of the anti-landlord and anti- Nizam struggle. It is now more than 25 years since the mass of the peasantry took up arms to safeguard the lands they were cultivating and resist the armed attacks of the landlords and the armed forces of the Nizam and subsequently of the Indian Government after its intervention. It is now over 20 years since that heroic partisan struggle was withdrawn on October 21, 1951. When we are writing the history of ‘Telangana People's Struggle and its Lessons’ now after the lapse of such a long period of two decades, it is at least necessary to take note of what is the position of the people's movement in that area now in 1972; what is the position of the Communist Party and where are the principal participants and leaders of the movement now? Were the tactics adopted after withdrawal of the struggle all that they should have been, or could there have been other alternative measures? What else could we have done at least to be in a far better position than what we are in now, or is it all inevitable? What are the main lessons to be drawn for our future action for the development of the revolutionary movement in our country?