Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is rooted in the idea that corporations must focus on issues beyond the balance sheet. For instance, CSR has had an impact in reducing child labor in developing countries, making extractive industries more responsible to local communities, and reducing the environmental impact of hotels. It is also applicable to the airline industry where it has promoted various types of positive behavior. In a world increasingly concerned with climate change and that sees as problematic the airline industry release of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at high altitude, regulators are about to set emissions reduction targets for the airline industry. Given that fuel is the single greatest cost for airlines, and that any reduction in fuel consumed involves a consequential reduction in GHGs emitted, the airline industry is generally eager to reduce GHG emissions. However, several emerging CSR best practices in civil aviation have incentivized the industry to become more environmentally friendly in recent years. In this context, this chapter argues that CSR should encourage airlines to go beyond mere self-interest or regulatory compliance in leading the way to meeting increasingly ambitious GHG reduction targets.