Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-gtxcr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T21:56:39.038Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 3 - Neurotransmission and Mechanisms of Drug Action

from Part 1 - Basic Science and General Principles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 May 2020

Peter M. Haddad
Affiliation:
Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar
David J. Nutt
Affiliation:
Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London
Get access

Summary

This chapter falls into three broad sections. The first considers basic principles and information regarding neurons, the nerve impulse and neurotransmission. The second section considers the principle neurotransmitters in the brain: acetylcholine, the catecholamines, dopamine, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)), histamine and the amino acid neurotransmitters. The final section reviews minor neurotransmitters, namely neuropeptides, purine neurotransmitters, prostaglandins, neurosteroids, gaseous transmitters and endocannabinoids. It is not possible for this chapter to provide a comprehensive and in-depth view of neurotransmission. This is a rapidly advancing field and those wishing to obtain a more extensive account should consult the numerous reviews and monographs. However, the main areas of the subject are covered, and this will provide a basis for the reader to appreciate the succeeding chapters of this book.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Primary Sources

Abrahamsson, T, Chou, CYC, Li, SY, et al. (2017). Differential regulation and evoked spontaneous release by presynaptic NMDA receptors. Neuron, 96, 839855.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berger, M, Gray, JA, Roth, BL (2009). The expanded biology of serotonin. Ann Rev Med, 60, 355366.Google Scholar
Chandler, CM, Overton, JS, Rüedi-Bettschen, D, Platt, DM (2018). GABA receptor subtype mechanisms and abuse-related effects of ethanol: genetic and pharmacological evidence. Handb Exp Pharmacol, 248, 327. doi:10.1007/164_2017_80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, XX, Zhang, JH, Pan, BH, et al. (2017). The atypical antipsychotic olanzapine causes weight gain by targeting 5HT2 receptors. Life Sci, 187, 6473.Google Scholar
Cortes-Altamirano, JL, Olmos-Hernandez, A, Bonilla-Jaime, H, et al. (2017). Review: 5HT1, 5HT2, 5HT3 and 5HT7 receptors and their role in the modulation of pain response in the central nervous system. Curr Neuropharmacol, 16, 210221. doi:10.2174/1570159x15666170911121027.Google Scholar
Di Menna, L, Joffe, ME, Iacovelli, L, et al. (2018). Functional partnership between mGlu3 and mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors in the central nervous system. Neuropharmacology, 128, 301313.Google Scholar
Doly, S, Quentin, E, Eddine, R, et al. (2017). Serotonin 2B receptors in mesoaccumbens dopaminergic pathway regulate dopaminergic responses. J Neurosci, 37, 1037210388.Google Scholar
Glasgow, NG, Povysheva, NV, Azoleifa, AM, Johnson, JW (2017). Memantine and ketamine differentially alter NMDA receptor desensitization. J Neurosci, 37, 96869704.Google Scholar
Huang, X, Yang, J, Yang, S, et al. (2017). Role of tandospirone, a 5HT1A receptor partial agonist, in the treatment of CNS disorders and the underlying mechanisms. Oncotarget, 8, 102705102720.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaushik, V, Smith, ST, Mikobi, E, Kaji, MA (2018). Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: beneficial effects on co-morbidities in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Dement, 33, 7385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, D-J, Fu, H, Tong, B, et al. (2018). Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway inhibits neointimal hyperplasia by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress. Redox Biol, 15, 2233.Google Scholar
Makera, C, Dondio, G, Braida, D, et al. (2018). Effects of the antidepressant mirtazepine and zinc on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Eur J Pharmacol, 820, 265273.Google Scholar
Niswender, CM, Conn, PJ (2010). Metabotropic glutamate receptors: physiology, pharmacology and disease. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol, 50, 295322.Google Scholar
Overden, ES, McGregor, NW, Emsley, RA, Warnick, L (2018). DNA methylation and antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia: progress and future directions. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 81, 3849.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palma, E, Ruffolo, G, Cifelli, P, et al. (2017). Modulation of GABA-A receptors in the treatment of epilepsy. Curr Pharm Des, 23, 55635568. doi.2174/1381612823666170809100230.Google Scholar
Pytliak, M, Vargova, V, Mechirova, V, Felsoci, M (2011). Serotonin receptors – from molecular biology to clinical applications. Physiol Rev, 60, 1525.Google Scholar
Viana, GSDB, Xanvier, CC, Costa, RD, Neves, KRT (2018). The monoaminergic pathways and inhibition of monoamine transporters interfere with the antidepressant-like behavior of ketamine. IBRO Rep, 4, 713.Google Scholar
Vizi, ES, Lendvai, B (1999). Modulatory role of presynaptic nicotinic receptors in synaptic and non synaptic chemical communication in the central nervous system. Brain Res Rev, 30, 219235.Google Scholar
Williams, DJ, Sidaway, P, Cunnane, TV, Brain, KL (2011). Mechanisms involved in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor induced neurotransmitter release from sympathetic nerve terminals. PLoS One, 6, e29209. doi:1371/journal.pone 0029209.Google Scholar
Xiao, X, Shang, X, Zhai, B, et al. (2018). Nicotine alleviates chronic stress induced anxiety in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Neurochem Int, 114, 5870.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Secondary Sources

Ahmadi-Soleimani, SM, Azizi, H, Gompf, HS, Semnanian, S (2017). Role of orexin type-1 receptors in the paragiganto-coerulear modulation of opioid withdrawal and tolerance; a site specific focus. Neuropharmacology, 126, 2537.Google Scholar
Andrabi, SS, Parvez, S, Tabassum, H (2017). Neurosteroids and ischaemic stroke: progesterone as a promising agent in reducing brain injury in ischemic stroke. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol, 36, 191205.Google Scholar
Balthazart, J, Choleris, E, Remage-Healey, L (2018). Steroids and the brain: 50 years of research, conceptual shifts and the ascent of non-classical and membrane initiated actions. Horm Behav, 99, 18.Google Scholar
Bodnar, RJ (2017). Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2015. Peptides, 88, 126188.Google Scholar
D’Souza, DC, Sewell, RA, Ranganathan, M (2009). Cannabis and psychosis/schizophrenia: human studies. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 259, 413431.Google Scholar
Fantegrosse, WE, Wilson, CD, Berquist, MD (2018). Pro-psychotic effects of synthetic cannabinoids: interactions with central dopamine, serotonin and glutamate receptors. Drug Metab Rev, 50, 6578. doi:10.1080/03602532.2018.1428343.Google Scholar
Grund, T, Goyon, S, Li, Y, et al. (2007). Neuropeptide S activates paraventricular oxytocin neurons to induce anxiolysis. J Neurosci, 37, 1221412225.Google Scholar
Henry, MS, Gendron, L, Tremblay, ME, Drolet, G (2017). Enkephalins: endogenous analgesics with an emerging role in stress resilience. Neural Plast, 2017, 1546125.Google Scholar
Smith, AS, Tabbaa, M, Lei, K, et al. (2016). Local oxytocin tempers anxiety by activating GABAA receptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 63, 5058.Google Scholar
Starwicz, K, Finn, DP (2017). Cannabinoids and pain: sites and mechanisms of action. Adv Pharmacol, 80, 437475.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×