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Chapter 3 - Private Associations and Urban Experience in the Han and Roman Empires

from Part I - Authority and Lifestyles of Distinction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 January 2021

Hans Beck
Affiliation:
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany
Griet Vankeerberghen
Affiliation:
McGill University, Montréal
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Summary

For most subjects of large, premodern empires, the twin poles of identity and belonging were the family or household at one end, and the imperial system as a whole at the other. Between these two poles there could be several overlapping or nested structures of identity and belonging, of which the locality, often a city or smaller nucleated settlement, was usually the most salient. As a result, when we consider the lived experience of premodern imperial subjects, we tend to think of the household, the city, and the empire (and perhaps the cosmos) as the operative categories within which such individuals lived their daily lives and conceived the world. But in some political systems there existed another level, located between the family and the city, where individual subjects could lead meaningful lives. This is the level of suprafamilial, but submunicipal, groups, associations, corporations, and collectivities of all sorts, inhabited, typically, by what we might call the “middle stratum” of premodern urban societies.

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Print publication year: 2021

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