Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 255
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
September 2009
Print publication year:
2002
Online ISBN:
9780511491511

Book description

In this contribution to the literature on the causes of war, Douglas Lemke asks whether the same factors affect minor powers as affect major ones. He investigates whether power parity and dissatisfaction with the status quo have an impact within Africa, the Far East, the Middle East and South America. Lemke argues that there are similarities across these regions and levels of power, and that parity and dissatisfaction are correlates of war around the world. The extent to which they increase the risk of war varies across regions, however, and the book looks at the possible sources of this cross-regional variation, concluding that differential progress toward development is the likely cause. This book will interest students and scholars of international relations and peace studies, as well as comparative politics and area studies.

Reviews

‘The book … deserves to be read by everyone interested in regional subsystems.’

Source: Journal of Peace Research

'… a major contribution to international relations and the study of the causes of war … should encourage future research.'

Michael Rudy - University of Missouri

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

References
References
Agyeman-Duah, Baffour, and Ojo, Olatunde B. J.. 1991. “Interstate Conflicts in West Africa.”Comparative Political Studies 24(3): 299–318.
Alsharabati, Carole. 1997. “The Dynamics of War Initiation.” Ph. D. dissertation, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California.
Alt, James, Calvert, Randall, and Humes, Brian. 1988. “Reputation and Hegemonic Stability.”American Political Science Review 82(2): 445–467.
Altfeld, Michael. 1983. “Arms Races? – And Escalation? A Comment on Wallace.”International Studies Quarterly 27(2): 225–231.
Anderson, John. 1997. The International Politics of Central Asia. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Arbetman, Marina, and Jacek Kugler, eds. 1997. Political Capacity and Economic Behavior. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Aron, Raymond (translated from French by Richard Howard and Annette Baker Fox). 1966. Peace and War. Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company.
Ayoob, Mohammed. 1991. “The Security Problematic of the Third World.”World Politics 43(2): 257–283.
Ayoob, Mohammed 1995. The Third World Security Predicament. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
Banks, Arthur. 1971. Cross-Polity Time-Series Data. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Banks, Michael. 1969. “Systems Analysis and the Study of Regions.”International Studies Quarterly 13(4): 335–360.
Barro, Robert. 1991. “Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries.”Quarterly Journal of Economics 106(2): 407–443.
Barro, Robert 1997. Determinants of Economic Growth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Bates, Robert. 1997. “Area Studies and the Discipline.”PS: Political Science and Politics 30(2): 166–169.
Beasley, W. G. 1987. Japanese Imperialism 1894–1945. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Beck, Nathaniel, Katz, Jonathan, and Tucker, Richard. 1998. “Taking Time Seriously.”American Journal of Political Science 42(4): 1260–1288.
Bennett, D. Scott, and Stam, Allan. 1996. “The Duration of Interstate Wars, 1816–1985.”American Political Science Review 90(2): 239–257.
Bennett, D. Scott 1998. “The Declining Advantages of Democracy.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 42(3): 344–366.
Bennett, D. Scott 2000. “A Universal Test of an Expected Utility Theory of War.”International Studies Quarterly 44(3): 451–480.
Benson, Michelle, and Kugler, Jacek. 1998. “Power Parity, Democracy, and the Severity of Internal Violence.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 42(2): 196–209.
Bernstein, Steven, Lebow, Richard Ned, Stein, Janice Gross, and Weber, Steven. 2000. “God Gave Physics the Easy Problems.”European Journal of International Relations 6(1): 43–76.
Berton, Peter. 1969. “International Subsystems.”International Studies Quarterly 13(4): 329–334.
Bethell, Leslie, ed. 1984–1991. The Cambridge History of Latin America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Binder, Leonard. 1958. “The Middle East as a Subordinate International System.”World Politics 10(3): 408–429.
Block, Fred. 1977. The Origins of International Economic Disorder. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Boulding, Kenneth. 1962. Conflict and Defense. New York: Harper and Brothers Publishers.
Bowman, Larry. 1968. “The Subordinate State System of Southern Africa.”International Studies Quarterly 12(3): 231–261.
Brace, Paul, and Barbara Hinckley. 1992. Follow the Leader. New York: Basic Books.
Brecher, Michael. 1963. “International Relations and Asian Studies.”World Politics 15(2): 213–235.
Brecher, Michael, and Jonathan Wilkenfeld. 1997. A Study of Crisis. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Bremer, Stuart. 1980. “National Capabilities and War Proneness.” In J. David Singer, ed. Correlates of War II. New York: The Free Press.
Bremer, Stuart 1992. “Dangerous Dyads.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 36(2): 309–341.
Bremer, Stuart 1993. “Democracy and Militarized Interstate Conflict, 1816–1965.”International Interactions 18(3): 231–249.
Brooks, Lester. 1971. Great Civilizations of Ancient Africa. New York: Four Winds Press.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce. 1975. “Measuring Systemic Polarity.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 19(2): 187–216.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce 1981. The War Trap. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce 1985a. “The War Trap Revisited.”American Political Science Review 79(1): 156–177.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce 1985b. “Toward a Scientific Understanding of International Conflict.”International Studies Quarterly 29(2): 121–136.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce 1989. “The Contribution of Expected Utility Theory to the Study of International Conflict.” In M. Midlarsky, ed. Handbook of War Studies. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce 1990a. “Big Wars, Little Wars.”International Interactions 16(2): 159–169.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce 1990b. “Pride of Place.”World Politics 43(1): 28–52.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, and David Lalman. 1992. War and Reason. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, Morrow, James, and Zorick, Ethan. 1997. “Capabilities, Perception, and Escalation.”American Political Science Review 91(1): 15–27.
Bull, Hedley. 1977. The Anarchical Society. New York: Columbia University Press.
Burden, Barry, and Kimball, David. 1998. “A New Approach to the Study of Ticket Splitting.”American Political Science Review 92(3): 533–544.
Burr, Robert. 1955. “The Balance of Power in Nineteenth-Century South America.”Hispanic American Historical Review 35(1): 37–60.
Burr, Robert 1970. “International Interests of Latin American Nations.” In L. Cantori and S. Spiegel, eds. The International Politics of Regions. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Buzan, Barry. 1991. People, States and Fear, 2nd edn. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
Cantori, Louis, and Spiegel, Steven. 1969. “International Regions.”International Studies Quarterly 13(4): 361–380.
Carment, David. 1993. “The International Dimensions of Ethnic Conflict.”Journal of Peace Research 30(2): 137–150.
Carment, David, and Patrick James, eds. 1997. Wars in the Midst of Peace. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
Carment 1998. Peace in the Midst of Wars. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.
Centeno, Miguel Angel. 1997. “Blood and Debt.”American Journal of Sociology 102(6): 1565–1605.
Chan, Steve. 1997. “In Search of Democratic Peace.”Mershon International Studies Review 41(1): 59–92.
Clapham, Christopher. 1996. Africa and the International System. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Clark, David, and Hart, Robert Jr.. 1998. “Controlling Duration Dependence in Conflict Analysis.”American Journal of Political Science 42(4): 1335–1342.
Clarke, Harold, Stewart, Marianne, and Whiteley, Paul. 1998. “New Models for New Labour.”American Political Science Review 92(3): 559–575.
Cohen, Raymond. 1994. “Pacific Unions.”Review of International Studies 20(3): 207–223.
Cohen, Youssef, Brown, Brian, and Organski, A. F. K.. 1981. “The Paradoxical Nature of State Making.”American Political Science Review 75(4): 901–910.
Cook, Chris, and David Killingray. 1983. African Political Facts since 1945. New York: Facts on File, Inc.
Cooper, James Fenimore. 1993 [1826]. The Last of the Mohicans. New York: Book-of-the-Month Club.
Coser, Lewis. 1961. “The Termination of Conflict.”Journal of Conflict Studies 5(4): 347–353.
David, Steven. 1989. “Why the Third World Matters.”International Security 14(1): 50–85.
1992/1993. “Why the Third World Still Matters.”International Security 17(3): 127–159.
Davis, David, and Moore, Will. 1997. “Ethnicity Matters.”International Studies Quarterly 41(1): 171–184.
Davis, H. E., and L. C. Wilson. 1975. Latin American Foreign Policies. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Davison, R. H. 1960. “Where is the Middle East?”Foreign Affairs 38(4): 665–675.
Desch, Michael. 1996. “Why Realists Disagree About the Third World (and Why They Shouldn't).”Security Studies 5(3): 358–381.
Soysa, Indra, Oneal, John, and Park, Yong-Hee. 1997. “Testing Power Transition Theory Using Alternative Measures of National Capabilities.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 41(4): 509–528.
DiCicco, Jonathan, and Levy, Jack. 1999. “Power Shifts and Problem Shifts.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 43(6): 675–704.
Diehl, Paul. 1983. “Arms Races and Escalation.”Journal of Peace Research 20(3): 205–212.
Diehl, Paul 1985. “Contiguity and Military Escalation in Major Power Rivalries, 1816–1980.”Journal of Politics 47(4): 1203–1211.
Diehl, Paul 1991. “Geography and War.”International Interactions 17(1): 11–28.
Diehl, Paul, and Crescenzi, Mark. 1998. “Reconfiguring the Arms Race – War Debate.”Journal of Peace Research 35(1): 111–118.
Diehl, Paul, and Kingston, Jean. 1987. “Messenger or Message?”Journal of Politics 49(3): 801–813.
du Chaillu, Paul. 1861. Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial Africa. London: T. Werner Laurie, Ltd.
Dupuy, R. E., and R. N. Dupuy. 1986. The Encyclopedia of Military History, 2nd rev. edn. New York: Harper and Row.
Economist. 2000a. “Hopeless Africa.” 355(8170): 17 (May 13).
Economist. 2000b. “The Trouble with Africa.” 355(8170): 22–24 (May 13).
Erikson, Robert, MacKuen, Michael, and Stimson, James. 1998. “What Moves Macropartisanship?”American Political Science Review 92(4): 901–912.
Escudé, Carlos. 1998. “An Introduction to Peripheral Realism and Its Implications for the Interstate System.” In S. Neuman, ed. International Relations Theory and the Third World. New York: St. Martin's Press.
Facts on File. 1967. Facts on File, vol. XXVII. New York: Facts on File, Inc.
French, Howard. 1997. “Opposition Strike Turns Zaire's Capital into ‘Dead City’.” New York Times www.nytimes.com accessed on April 15, 1997.
Gardiner, Robert, ed. 1979. Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships, 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press.
Gardiner, Robert, ed. 1983. Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships, 1947–1982. London: Conway Maritime Press.
Gartner, Scott Sigmund, and Siverson, Randolph. 1996. “War Expansion and War Outcome.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 40(1): 4–15.
Gartzke, Erik. 1998. “Kant We All Just Get Along?”American Journal of Political Science 42(1): 1–27.
Garver, J. B., ed. 1990. National Geographic Atlas of the World, 6th edn. Washington, DC: National Geographic Society.
Geller, Daniel. 1993. “Power Differentials and War in Rival Dyads.”International Studies Quarterly 37(2): 173–194.
Geller, Daniel 1998. “The Stability of the Military Balance and War among Great Power Rivals.” In P. Diehl, ed. The Dynamics of Enduring Rivalries. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
Geller, Daniel, and J. David Singer. 1998. Nations at War. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Gelpi, Christopher. 1997. “Democratic Diversions.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 41(2): 255–282.
Gleditsch, Kristian, and Ward, Michael. 1997. “Double Take.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 41(3): 361–383.
Gleditsch, Kristian 1999. “A Revised List of Independent States Since the Congress of Vienna.”International Interactions 25(4): 393–413.
Gochman, Charles. 1990. “Capability-Driven Disputes.” In C. Gochman and A. Sabrosky, eds. Prisoners of War? Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Gochman, Charles 1991. “Interstate Metrics.”International Interactions 17(1): 93–112.
Gochman, Charles, and Maoz, Zeev. 1984. “Militarized Interstate Disputes, 1816–1976.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 28(4): 585–616.
Goertz, Gary, and Diehl, Paul. 1995. “The Initiation and Termination of Enduring Rivalries.”American Journal of Political Science 39(1): 30–52.
Goldsmith, Arthur. 1987. “Does Political Stability Hinder Economic Development?”Comparative Politics 19(3): 471–480.
Green, Donald, Kim, Soo Yeon, and Yoon, David. 2001. “Dirty Pool.”International Organization 55(2): 441–468.
Green, Donald, Palmquist, Bradley, and Schickler, Eric. 1998. “Macropartisanship: A Replication and Critique.”American Political Science Review 92(4): 883–900.
Grosvenor, M. B., ed. 1966. National Geographic Atlas of the World, 2nd edn. Washington, DC: National Geographic Society.
Gujarati, Damodar. 1995. Basic Econometrics, 3rd edn. New York: McGraw Hill.
Gulick, Edward Vose. 1955. Europe's Classical Balance of Power. New York: W. W. Norton and Company.
Gurr, Ted Robert, Keith Jaggers, and Will Moore. 1989. Polity I Codebook. Boulder, CO: Department of Political Science, University of Colorado.
Haas, Michael. 1968. “Social Change and National Aggressiveness, 1900–1960.” In J. D. Singer, ed. Quantitative International Politics: Insights and Evidence. New York: Free Press.
Haas, Michael 1970. “International Subsystems.”American Political Science Review 64(1): 98–123.
Haas, Michael 1973. “Societal Development and International Conflict.” In J. Wilkenfeld, ed. Conflict Behavior and Linkage Politics. New York: David McKay Company.
Hardy, Melissa. 1993. Regression with Dummy Variables. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Hellman, Donald. 1969. “The Emergence of an East Asian International Subsystem.”International Studies Quarterly 13(4): 421–434.
Henderson, Errol, and Singer, J. David. 2000. “Civil War in the Post-Colonial World, 1946–92.”Journal of Peace Research 37(3): 275–299.
Hensel, Paul. 1994. “One Thing Leads to Another.”Journal of Peace Research 31(2): 281–297.
Hensel, Paul 1996. “Charting a Course to Conflict.”Conflict Management and Peace Science 15(1): 43–73.
Hensel, Paul 1998. “Reliability and Validity Issues in the ICOW Project.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, Minneapolis, MN.
Herbst, Jeffrey. 2000. States and Power in Africa. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Hibbert, Christopher. 1982. Africa Explored. London: Allen Lane.
Holsti, Kalevi. 1996. The State, War, and the State of War. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Hensel, Paul 1998. “International Relations Theory and Domestic War in the Third World.” In S. Neuman, ed. International Relations Theory and the Third World. New York: St. Martin's Press.
Houweling, Henk, and Siccama, Jan. 1988. “Power Transitions as a Cause of War.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 32(1): 87–102.
Hudson, Valerie, Ford, Robert, and Pack, David, with Giordano, Eric. 1991. “Why the Third World Matters, Why Europe Probably Won't.”Journal of Strategic Studies 14(3): 255–298.
Huth, Paul. 1996. Standing Your Ground. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Huth, Paul, Bennett, D. Scott, and Gelpi, Christopher. 1992. “System Uncertainty, Risk Propensity, and International Conflict.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 36(3): 478–517.
Huth, Paul, and Russett, Bruce. 1993. “General Deterrence Between Enduring Rivals.”American Political Science Review 87(1): 61–73.
Iida, Keisuke. 1988. “Third World Solidarity.”International Organization 42(2): 373–395.
Intriligator, Michael, and Brito, Dagobert. 1984. “Can Arms Races Lead to the Outbreak of War?”Journal of Conflict Resolution 28(1): 63–84.
Jackson, Robert. 1990. Quasi-States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jackson, Robert, and Rosberg, Carl. 1982. “Why Africa's Weak States Persist.”World Politics 35(1): 1–24.
Jacobson, Harold, Sidjanski, Dusan, Rodamar, Jeffrey, and Hougassian-Rudovich, Alice. 1983. “Revolutionaries or Bargainers?”World Politics 35(3): 335–367.
Jaggers, Keith, and Gurr, Ted Robert. 1995. “Transitions to Democracy.”Journal of Peace Research 32(4): 469–482.
Jaggers, Keith 1996. “Tracking Democracy's Third Wave with the Polity III Data.”Journal of Peace Research 32(4): 469–482.
James, Patrick, Brecher, Michael, and Hoffman, Tod. 1988. “International Crises in Africa, 1929–1979.”International Interactions 14(1): 51–84.
Jansen, Marius. 1975. Japan and China. Chicago: Rand McNally.
Johnson, Chalmers. 1997. “Preconception vs. Observation, or the Contributions of Rational Choice Theory and Area Studies to Contemporary Political Science.”PS: Political Science and Politics 30(2): 170–174.
Jones, Daniel, Bremer, Stuart, and Singer, J. David. 1996. “Militarized Interstate Disputes: 1816–1992.”Conflict Management and Peace Science 15(2): 163–213.
Kacowicz, Arie. 1995. “Explaining Zones of Peace.”Journal of Peace Research 32(3): 265–276.
Kacowicz, Arie 1998. Zones of Peace in the Third World. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Kaiser, Karl. 1968. “The Interaction of Regional Subsystems.”World Politics 21(1): 84–107.
Kaplan, Robert. 1994. “The Coming Anarchy.”The Atlantic Monthly 273(2): 44–76.
Karnow, Stanley. 1983. Vietnam. New York: Penguin Books.
Kaufman, Robert, and Zuckermann, Leo. 1998. “Attitudes toward Economic Reform in Mexico.”American Political Science Review 92(2): 359–376.
Keesing's. 1967. Keesing's Contemporary Archives, vol. XVI. London: Keesing's Publications, Ltd.
Kende, Istvan. 1971. “Twenty-Five Years of Local Wars.”Journal of Peace Research 8(1): 5–22.
Kende, Istvan 1978. “Wars of Ten Years (1967–1976).”Journal of Peace Research 15(3): 227–241.
Kennedy, Paul. 1984. “Arms Races and the Causes of War.” In P. Kennedy, ed. Strategy and Diplomacy. London: Fontana Press.
Key, V. O., with Alexander Heard. 1949. Southern Politics in State and Nation. New York: Knopf.
Kim, Woosang. 1989. “Power, Alliance, and Major Wars, 1816–1975.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 33(2): 255–273.
Kim, Woosang 1991. “Alliance Transitions and Great Power War.”American Journal of Political Science 35(4): 833–850.
Kim, Woosang 1992. “Power Transitions and Great Power War from Westphalia to Waterloo.”World Politics 45(1): 153–172.
Kim, Woosang 1996. “Power Parity, Alliance and War from 1648 to 1975.” In J. Kugler and D. Lemke, eds. Parity and War. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Kim, Woosang, and Morrow, James. 1992. “When Do Power Shifts Lead to War?”American Journal of Political Science 36(4): 896–922.
Kinsella, David. 1994. “Conflict in Context.”American Journal of Political Science 38(3): 557–581.
Kinsella, David 1995. “Nested Rivalries.”International Interactions 21(2): 109–125.
Kirby, Andrew, and Ward, Michael. 1991. “Modernity and the Process of State Formation.”International Interactions 17(1): 113–126.
Krasner, Stephen, ed. 1983. International Regimes. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Kugler, Jacek. 1973. “The Consequences of War.” Ph. D. dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Kugler, Jacek 1996. “Beyond Deterrence.” In J. Kugler and D. Lemke, eds. Parity and War. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Kugler, Jacek, and Marina Arbetman. 1989a. “Choosing Among Measures of Power.” In R. Stoll and M. D. Ward, eds. Power in World Politics. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
“Exploring the Phoenix Factor with the Collective Goods Perspective.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 33(1): 84–112.
Kugler, Jacek, Michelle Benson, Andy Hira, and Dimitry Panasevich. 1997. “Political Capacity and Violence.” In M. Arbetman and J. Kugler, eds. Political Capacity and Economic Behavior. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Kugler, Jacek, and Domke, William. 1986. “Comparing the Strength of Nations.”Comparative Political Studies 19(1): 39–96.
Kugler, Jacek, and Douglas Lemke, eds. 1996. Parity and War. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Kugler, Jacek, and Douglas Lemke. 2000. “The Power Transition Research Program.” In M. Midlarsky, ed. Handbook of War Studies II. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Kugler, Jacek, and A. F. K. Organski. 1989. “The Power Transition.” In M. Midlarsky, ed. Handbook of War Studies. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
Kugler, Jacek, and Zagare, Frank. 1990. “The Long-Term Stability of Deterrence.”International Interactions 15(3/4): 255–278.
Kydd, Andrew. 2000. “Arms Races and Arms Control.”American Journal of Political Science 44(2): 222–238.
Lake, David. 1999. Entangling Relations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Lake, David, and Patrick Morgan, eds. 1997. Regional Orders. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Langer, William, ed. 1948. An Encyclopedia of World History. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Lawrence, T. E. 1927. Revolt in the Desert. New York: George K. Doran.
Lawrence, T. E. 1938. The Seven Pillars of Wisdom. New York: Garden City Publishing Company.
Lebovic, James. 1986. “The Middle East.”International Interactions 12(3): 267–289.
Lebovic, James 1998. “Consider the Source.”International Studies Quarterly 42(1): 161–174.
LeedsAshley, Brett, and Davis, David. 1997. “Domestic Political Vulnerability and International Disputes.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 41(6): 814–834.
Lemke, Douglas. 1993. “Multiple Hierarchies in World Politics.” Ph. D. dissertation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
Lemke, Douglas 1995. “The Tyranny of Distance.”International Interactions 21(1): 23–38.
Lemke, Douglas 1996. “Small States and War.” In J. Kugler and D. Lemke, eds. Parity and War. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Lemke, Douglas 1997. “The Continuation of History.”Journal of Peace Research 34(1): 23–36.
Lemke, Douglas, and Reed, William. 1996. “Regime Types and Status Quo Evaluations.”International Interactions 22(2): 143–164.
Lemke, Douglas 1998. “Power Is Not Satisfaction.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 42(4): 511–516.
Lemke, Douglas 2001a. “The Relevance of Politically Relevant Dyads. Journal of Conflict Resolution 45(1): 126–144.
Lemke, Douglas 2001b. “War and Rivalry Among Great Powers.”American Journal of Political Science 45(2): 457–469.
Lemke, Douglas, and Werner, Suzanne. 1996. “Power Parity, Commitment to Change, and War.”International Studies Quarterly 40(2): 235–260.
Levy, Jack. 1983. War in the Modern Great Power System. Lexington, KY: University of Kentucky Press.
Levy, Jack 1987. “Declining Power and the Preventive Motivation for War.”World Politics 40(1): 82–107.
Levy, Jack 1989. “The Diversionary Theory of War.” In M. Midlarsky, ed. Handbook of War Studies. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
Lieske, Joel. 1993. “Regional Subcultures of the United States.”Journal of Politics 55(4): 888–913.
Lijphart, Arend. 1963. “The Analysis of Bloc Voting in the General Assembly.”American Political Science Review 57(4): 902–917.
Lustick, Ian. 1997. “The Disciplines of Political Science.”PS: Political Science and Politics 30(2): 175–179.
Luttwak, Edward. 1969. Coup d'Etat. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Maddison, Angus. 1989. The World Economy in the 20th Century. Paris: OECD.
Maier, Mark. 1991. The Data Game. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, Inc.
Mansfield, Edward, and Helen Milner, eds. 1997. The Political Economy of Regionalism. New York: Columbia University Press.
Mansfield, Edward, and Milner, Helen. 1999. “The New Wave of Regionalism.”International Organization 53(3): 589–627.
Maoz, Zeev. 1989. “Joining the Club of Nations.”International Studies Quarterly 33: 199–231.
Maoz, Zeev 1998. “Realist and Cultural Critiques of the Democratic Peace.”International Interactions 24(1): 3–89.
Maoz, Zeev, and Abdolali, Nasrin. 1989. “Regime Types and International Conflict.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 33(1): 3–35.
Maoz, Zeev, and Russett, Bruce. 1993. “Normative and Structural Causes of the Democratic Peace, 1946–1986.”American Political Science Review 87(3): 624–638.
Marin-Bosch, Miguel. 1987. “How Nations Vote in the General Assembly of the United Nations.”International Organization 41(4): 705–724.
Mastanduno, Michael. 1992. Economic Containment. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Maugham, William Somerset. 1938. The Summing Up. New York: Literary Guild of America.
McFaul, Michael. 2002. Russia's Troubled Transition from Communism to Democracy. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Mearsheimer, John. 1990. “Back to the Future.”International Security 15(1): 5–56.
Merritt, Richard, and Dina Zinnes. 1989. “Alternative Indexes of National Power.” In R. Stoll and M. Ward, eds. Power in World Politics. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
Midlarsky, Manus. 1990. “Systemic Wars and Dyadic Wars.”International Interactions 16(2): 171–181.
Miller, Benjamin. 1995. When Opponents Cooperate. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Modelski, George, and William Thompson. 1996. Leading Sectors and World Powers. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.
Moon, Bruce. 1998. “Regionalism is Back Now What?”Mershon International Studies Review 42(2): 338–342.
Morgan, T. Clifton, and Bickers, Kenneth. 1992. “Domestic Discontent and the External Use of Force.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 36(1): 25–52.
Morgan, T. Clifton, and Palmer, Glenn. 1997. “A Two-Good Theory of Foreign Policy.”International Interactions 22(3): 225–244.
Morgan, T. Clifton 1998. “Room to Move.” In R. M. Siverson, ed. Strategic Politicians, Institutions, and Foreign Policy. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Morgenthau, Hans. 1948. Politics Among Nations, 1st edn. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Morgenthau, Hans 1960. Politics Among Nations, 3rd edn. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Morley, James William, ed. 1983. The China Quagmire. New York: Columbia University Press.
Morris, Donald. 1965. The Washing of the Spears. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Morrow, James. 1988. “Social Choice and System Structure in World Politics.”World Politics 41(1): 75–97.
Morrow, James 1991. “Alliances and Asymmetry.”American Journal of Political Science 35(4): 904–933.
Morrow, James 1996. “The Logic of Overtaking.” In J. Kugler and D. Lemke, eds. Parity and War. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Morrow, James 2000. “The Ongoing Game-Theoretic Revolution.” In M. Midlarsky, ed. Handbook of War Studies II. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Moul, William. 1988. “Balances of Power and the Escalation to War of Serious Disputes Among European Great Powers.”American Journal of Political Science 32(2): 241–275.
Moul, William Mueller, John. 1989. Retreat From Doomsday. New York: Basic Books.
Myers, David, ed. 1991. Regional Hegemons. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Neuman, Stephanie, ed. 1998. International Relations Theory and the Third World. New York: St. Martin's Press.
New York Times. 1968. The New York Times Index for 1967. Current series vol. 55. New York: The New York Times Company.
Nish, Ian. 1977. Japanese Foreign Policy 1869–1942. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Olson, Mancur. 1982. The Rise and Decline of Nations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Oneal, John, Soysa, Indra, and Park, Yong-Hee. 1998. “But Power and Wealth Are Satisfying.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 42(4): 517–520.
Oneal, John, and Russett, Bruce. 1997. “The Classical Liberals Were Right.”International Studies Quarterly 41(2): 267–294.
Organski, A. F. K. 1958. World Politics. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Organski, A. F. K. 1965. The Stages of Political Development. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Organski, A. F. K. 1968. World Politics, 2nd edn. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Organski, A. F. K., and Kugler, Jacek. 1977. “The Costs of Major Wars.”American Political Science Review 71(4): 1347–1366.
Organski, A. F. K. 1980. The War Ledger. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Organski, A. F. K., Jacek Kugler, Timothy Johnson, and Youssef Cohen. 1984. Births, Deaths, and Taxes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Organski, A. F. K., with Alan Lamborn. 1972. “Effective Population as a Source of International Power.” In J. Barratt and M. Louw, eds. International Aspects of Overpopulation. Cape Town: South African Institute of International Affairs.
Organski, Katherine, and A. F. K. Organski. 1961. Population and World Power. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Ortega, L. 1984. “Nitrates, Chilean Entrepreneurs and the Origins of the War of the Pacific.”Journal of Latin American Studies 16(2): 337–380.
Pakenham, Thomas. 1991. The Scramble for Africa. New York: Random House.
Papadakis, Maria, and Harvey Starr. 1987. “Opportunity, Willingness, and Small States.” In C. Hermann, C. Kegley, and J. Rosenau, eds. New Directions in the Study of Foreign Policy. London: Harper Collins Academic.
Paul, T. V. 1994. Asymmetric Conflicts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Paul, T. V. 2000. Power versus Prudence. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.
Powell, Robert. 1996. “Uncertainty, Shifting Power, and Appeasement.”American Political Science Review 90(4): 749–764.
Powell, Robert 1999. In the Shadow of Power. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Przeworski, Adam, and Henry Teune. 1970. The Logic of Comparative Social Inquiry. New York: Wiley-Interscience.
Rasler, Karen, and Thompson, William. 1985. “War Making and State Making.”American Political Science Review 79(2): 491–507.
Rasler, Karen 1989. War and State Making. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
Rasler, Karen 1999. “Predatory Initiators and Changing Landscapes for Warfare.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 43(4): 411–433.
Ray, James Lee. 1995. Democracy and International Conflict. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.
Ray, James Lee 1998. Global Politics, 7th edn. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Ray, James Lee 2001. “Does Interstate War Have a Future?” Paper presented at the workshop on The Study of Future War and the Future Study of War, Pennsylvania State University, March 16–17.
Reed, William. 1998. “Selection Effects and Inference in World Politics.” Ph. D. dissertation, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida.
Reed, William 2000. “A Unified Statistical Model of Conflict Onset and Escalation.”American Journal of Political Science 44(1): 84–93.
Reiter, Dan. 1995. “Exploding the Powder Keg Myth.”International Security 20(2): 5–34.
Reiter, Dan, and Stam, Allan. 1998. “Democracy, War Initiation, and Victory.”American Political Science Review 92(2): 377–389.
Richardson, James. 1994. Crisis Diplomacy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Richardson, Lewis F. 1960a. Arms and Insecurity. Pacific Grove, CA: Boxwood Publishers.
Richardson 1960b. Statistics of Deadly Quarrels. Pittsburgh, PA: Quadrangle Press.
Rothstein, Robert. 1968. Alliances and Small Powers. New York: Columbia University Press.
Rousseau, David, Gelpi, Christopher, Reiter, Dan, and Huth, Paul. 1996. “Assessing the Dyadic Nature of the Democratic Peace.”American Political Science Review 90(3): 512–533.
Russett, Bruce. 1967. International Regions and the International System. Chicago: Rand McNally.
Russett, Bruce, Singer, J. David, and Small, Melvin. 1968. “National Political Units in the 20th Century.”American Political Science Review 62(4): 932–951.
Sabrosky, Alan Ned. 1980. “Interstate Alliances.” In J. D. Singer, ed. The Correlates of War II. New York: The Free Press.
Salisbury, Harrison. 1985. The Long March. New York: Harper and Row.
Sample, Susan. 1997. “Arms Races and Dispute Escalation.”Journal of Peace Research 34(1): 7–22.
Schweller, Randall. 1992. “Domestic Structure and Preventive War.”World Politics 44(2): 235–269.
Shepsle, Kenneth, and Weingast, Barry. 1981. “Structure-Induced Equilibrium and Legislative Choice.”Public Choice 37(3): 503–519.
Sigler, John. 1969. “News Flows in the North African International Subsystem.”International Studies Quarterly 13(4): 381–397.
Signorino, Curtis, and Ritter, Jeffrey. 1999. “Tau-b or Not Tau-b.”International Studies Quarterly 43(1): 115–144.
SingerDavid, J.. 1988. “Reconstructing the Correlates of War Data Set on Material Capabilities of States, 1816–1985.”International Interactions 14(1): 115–132.
Singer, J. David 1991. “Peace in the Global System.” In C. Kegley, ed. The Long Postwar Peace. New York: Harper Collins.
Singer, J. David, Stuart Bremer, and John Stuckey. 1972. “Capability Distribution, Uncertainty, and Major Power War, 1820–1965.” In B. Russett, ed. Peace, War and Numbers. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Singer, J. David, and Small, Melvin. 1966. “Formal Alliances, 1815–1939.”Journal of Peace Research 3(1): 1–32.
Singer, Max, and Aaron Wildavsky. 1993. The Real World Order. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House Publishers.
Siverson, Randolph, and Paul Diehl. 1989. “Arms Races, the Conflict Spiral, and the Onset of War.” In M. Midlarsky, ed. Handbook of War Studies. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
Siverson, Randolph, and Ross Miller. 1996. “The Power Transition.” In J. Kugler and D. Lemke, eds. Parity and War. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Small, Melvin, and Singer, J. David. 1969. “Formal Alliances, 1816–1965.”Journal of Peace Research 3(3): 257–282.
Small, Melvin 1982. Resort to Arms. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Smith, Alastair. 1995. “Alliance Formation and War.”International Studies Quarterly 39(4): 405–426.
Smith, Alastair 1996a. “To Intervene or Not to Intervene.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 41(1): 16–40.
Smith, Alastair 1996b. “Diversionary Foreign Policy in Democratic Systems.”International Studies Quarterly 40(1): 133–153.
Solingen, Etel. 1998. Regional Orders at Century's Dawn. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Stam, Allan. 1996. Win, Lose or Draw. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Stanley, Henry. 1890. In Darkest Africa. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Starr, Harvey. 1978. “‘Opportunity’ and ‘Willingness’ as Ordering Concepts in the Study of War.”International Interactions 4(4): 363–387.
Starr, Harvey, and Most, Benjamin. 1976. “The Substance and Study of Borders in International Relations Research.”International Studies Quarterly 20(4): 581–620.
Starr, Harvey 1978. “A Return Journey.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 22(3): 442–467.
Starr, Harvey 1983. “Contagion and Border Effects on Contemporary African Conflict.”Comparative Political Studies 16(1): 92–117.
Starr, Harvey 1985. “The Forms and Processes of War Diffusion.”Comparative Political Studies 18(2): 206–227.
Stimson, James. 1985. “Regression in Space and Time.”American Journal of Political Science 29(4): 914–947.
Stoll, Richard, and Michael Ward, eds. 1989. Power in World Politics. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
Summers, Robert, and Heston, Alan. 1991. “The Penn World Tables (Mark 5): An Expanded Set of International Comparisons, 1950–1988.”Quarterly Journal of Economics 106(2): 327–368.
Tammen, Ronald, Jacek Kugler, Douglas Lemke, Allan Stam, Mark Abdollahian, Carole Alsharabati, Brian Efird, and A. F. K. Organski. 2000. Power Transitions. New York: Chatham House Publishers.
Taylor, A. J. P. 1954. The Struggle for Mastery in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Thompson, William. 1973a. “The Regional Subsystem.”International Studies Quarterly 17(1): 89–118.
Thompson, William 1973b. The Grievances of Military Coup-Makers. Sage Professional Papers in Comparative Politics, series #01-047. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Thompson, William 1981. “Delineating Regional Subsystems.”International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 13(2): 213–235.
Thompson, William 1983. “Succession Crises in the Global Political System.” In A. Bergesen, ed. Crises in the World-System. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Thompson, William 1988. On Global War. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.
Thompson, William 1990. “The Size of War.”International Interactions 16(2): 183–199.
Tilly, Charles. 1975. “Reflections on the History of European State-Making.” In C. Tilly, ed. The Formation of National States in Western Europe. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Tilly, Charles 1985. “War Making and State Making as Organized Crime.” In P. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer, and T. Skocpol, eds. Bringing the State Back In. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Timpone, Richard. 1998. “Structure, Behavior, and Voter Turnout in the United States.”American Political Science Review 92(1): 145–158.
Tomlin, Brian. 1985. “Measurement Validation.”International Organization 39(1): 189–206.
Tucker, Richard. 1998. “The Robustness of the Dyadic Democratic Peace Result.” Unpublished mimeo., Harvard University.
UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development). Various years. Handbook of International Trade and Development Statistics. New York: United Nations.
Vagts, Alfred. 1956. Defense and Diplomacy. New York: King's Crown Press.
van Chi-Bonnardel, Regine. 1973. The Atlas of Africa. New York: The Free Press.
Evera, Stephen. 1990. “Why Europe Matters, Why The Third World Doesn't.”Journal of Strategic Studies 13(2): 1–51.
Vasquez, John. 1993. The War Puzzle. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Vasquez, John 1996. “When Are Power Transitions Dangerous?.” In J. Kugler and D. Lemke, eds. Parity and War. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Vasquez, John 1997. “The Realist Paradigm and Degenerative versus Progressive Research Programs.”American Political Science Review 91(4): 899–912.
Vasquez, John 1998. The Power of Power Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Voeten, Erik. 2000. “Clashes in the Assembly.”International Organization 54(2): 185–215.
Wallace, Michael. 1975. “Clusters of Nations in the Global System, 1865–1964.”International Studies Quarterly 19(1): 67–110.
Wallace, Michael 1979. “Arms Races and Escalation.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 23(1): 3–16.
Waltz, Kenneth. 1979. Theory of International Politics. New York: McGraw Hill.
Waltz, Kenneth 1981. “The Spread of Nuclear Weapons.” Adelphi Papers, no. 171. London: International Institute of Strategic Studies.
Waugh, Evelyn. 1960. A Tourist in Africa. London: Chapman and Hall.
Wayman, Frank Whelon. 1996. “Power Shifts and the Onset of War.” In J. Kugler and D. Lemke, eds. Parity and War. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Weede, Erich. 1976. “Overwhelming Preponderance as a Pacifying Condition Among Contiguous Asian Dyads.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 20(3): 395–411.
Weede, Erich 1980. “Arms Races and Escalation: Some Persisting Doubts.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 24(2): 285–287.
Weede, Erich 1996. Economic Development, Social Order and World Politics. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
Weiner, Myron. 1971. “The Macedonian Syndrome.”World Politics 23(4): 665–683.
Werner, Suzanne. 2000. “The Effects of Political Similarity on the Onset of Militarized Disputes, 1816–1985.”Political Research Quarterly 53(2): 343–374.
Werner, Suzanne, and Jacek Kugler. 1996. “Power Transitions and Military Buildups.” In J. Kugler and D. Lemke, eds. Parity and War. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Werner, Suzanne, and Lemke, Douglas. 1997. “Opposites Do Not Attract.”International Studies Quarterly 41(3): 529–546.
Widner, Jennifer. 1995. “States and Statelessness in Late Twentieth-Century Africa.”Dædalus 124(3): 129–153.
Wight, Martin. 1946. Power Politics. Looking Forward Pamphlets, no. 8. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs.
Wilson, Dick. 1971. The Long March 1935: The Epic of Chinese Communism's Survival. New York: Viking Press.
Winter, Harold. 1998. Battling the Elements. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Wohlstetter, Albert. 1968. “Theory and Opposed-System Design.”Journal of Conflict Resolution 12(3): 302–331.
Woods, Randall Bennett. 1990. A Changing of the Guard. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
Woodward, Bob. 1991. The Commanders. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Wright, Quincy. 1942. A Study of War. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Zagare, Frank, and D. Marc Kilgour. 2000. Perfect Deterrence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zimmerman, William. 1972. “Hierarchical Regional Systems and the Politics of System Boundaries.”International Organization 26(1): 18–36.
Zimmerman, William 1981. “Soviet–East European Relations in the 1980s and the Changing International System.” In M. Burnstein, Z. Gitelman, and W. Zimmerman, eds. East–West Relations and the Future of Eastern Europe. London: George Allen & Unwin.

Metrics

Altmetric attention score

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

Book summary page views

Total views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Usage data cannot currently be displayed.