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II - Germany, 1895–1901

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2023

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Summary

From 1895 to 1901 Grainger studied at the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt am Main. In its cosmopolitan environment he learnt piano with the Dutchman James Kwast and composition with Iwan Knorr, a Prussian musically attuned to Tchaikovsky. Grainger's relations with Kwast were variable, but with Knorr were always strained. Eventually he turned for advice on composition, and his studies generally, to a local retired printer, Karl Klimsch. At the Conservatory Grainger associated with several British students—Balfour Gardiner, Roger Quilter, Cyril Scott and, to a lesser extent, Norman O’Neill—later to be dubbed ‘the Frankfurt Group’. Of his other friendships at this time that with the Danish cellist Herman Sandby was the most enduring. Despite spending nearly six years in Frankfurt Grainger did not complete his course. In 1900 he took an extended holiday with his mother in France, Britain and Holland; after presenting his first solo public recital in Frankfurt late that year the Graingers decided to move to London. As a composer Grainger was increasingly active during his later Frankfurt years, although he withheld many of the works then written and considerably revised them in the succeeding decades.

CYRIL SCOTT

(1879–1970)

Of Grainger's ‘Frankfurt Group’ friends, Cyril Scott was the most constant and long-lived. As with Grainger, Scott had arrived to study at the Hoch Conservatory first when only twelve years old, and by his early twenties, with the aid of the conductors Hans Richter and Henry Wood, was gaining a good reputation as a composer in Britain. He, too, was best known for his smaller pieces, of which Lotus Land (1905) was the most popular, and came to lament the inability of audiences to appreciate his larger-scale endeavours. As a pianist his skills were of a lesser order than Grainger's and his devotion to a performing career less firm. His extra-musical interests, however, were just as profound: he translated the poems of his friend Stefan George, wrote extensively on medical questions and was a controversial practitioner of the occult. Using such skills he claimed to have contacted Grainger's mother shortly after her death in 1922, but Grainger was averse to receiving any messages from her through his mediation. By the 1940s Scott's income had dwindled, leading to his financial dependence upon Grainger for some years. He continued to write about Grainger until well into the 1960s and probably knew his music better than any.

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Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2002

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