Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Figures and Table
- Foreword
- Foreword
- Foreword
- Nomenclature
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Averaging relations
- 3 Phasic conservation equations and interfacial balance equations
- 4 Local volume-averaged conservation equations and interfacial balance equations
- 5 Time averaging of local volume-averaged conservation equations or time-volume-averaged conservation equations and interfacial balance equations
- 6 Time averaging in relation to local volume averaging and time-volume averaging versus volume-time averaging
- 7 Novel porous media formulation for single phase and single phase with multicomponent applications
- 8 Discussion and concluding remarks
- Appendix A
- Appendix B
- Appendix C
- Appendix D
- References
- Index
Foreword
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 October 2011
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Figures and Table
- Foreword
- Foreword
- Foreword
- Nomenclature
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Averaging relations
- 3 Phasic conservation equations and interfacial balance equations
- 4 Local volume-averaged conservation equations and interfacial balance equations
- 5 Time averaging of local volume-averaged conservation equations or time-volume-averaged conservation equations and interfacial balance equations
- 6 Time averaging in relation to local volume averaging and time-volume averaging versus volume-time averaging
- 7 Novel porous media formulation for single phase and single phase with multicomponent applications
- 8 Discussion and concluding remarks
- Appendix A
- Appendix B
- Appendix C
- Appendix D
- References
- Index
Summary
When I was the manager of reactor physics in the Westinghouse Atomic Power Division [later called the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) Division], Dr. William T. Sha worked for me and was instrumental in our development of the first multi-dimensional integral calculation of nuclear-thermal-hydraulic interaction named THUNDER code for the commercial PWRs. The reactivity feedbacks due to thermal-hydraulics, including local subcooled and bulk boiling, control rod insertion, dissolved boron poison in the moderator, and fuel pellet temperature (Doppler effect) were explicitly accounted for. We were then designing Yankee Rowe, Connecticut Yankee, Edison Volta, and Chooz 1. He was clever, indefatigable, and a great asset in our development of the THUNDER codes (WCAP-7006, 1967) and designing these reactors. Plants based on this design are now found in more than half of the world's nuclear power plants. This code represented a quantum jump in design and performance of PWRs when it was successfully completed in 1967.
Once again, Dr. Sha demonstrates innovation and lays the theoretical foundation to develop the novel porous media formulation for multiphase flow conservation equations. The starting point of the novel porous media formulation is Navier-Stokes equations and their interfacial balance equations; the local-volume averaging is performed first via local-volume-averaged theorems, followed by time averaging. A set of conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy for multiphase systems with internal structures is rigorously derived via time-volume averaging. This set of derived conservation equations has three unique features: (1) the internal structures of the multiphase system are treated as porous media formulation – it greatly facilitates accommodating the complicated shape and size of the internal structures; (2) the concept of directional surface porosities is introduced in the novel porous media formulation and greatly improves modeling accuracy and resolution; and (3) incorporation of spatial deviation for all point dependent variables make it possible to evaluate interfacial mass, momentum, and energy transfer integrals. The novel porous media formulation represents a unified approach for solving real world multiphase flow problems.
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- Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2011