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2 - Tuatha Dé and Fomoiri in Cath Maige Tuired

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2021

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Summary

Abstract

In Cath Maige Tuired the Tuatha Dé (‘the peoples of the gods’) gain lasting peace in defeating an invasion by the Fomoiri, partly characterized by Ireland's viking experiences. The enemies are, however, relatives. This study examines the tale's portrayal of relationships of kinship and hostility that link Tuatha Dé and Fomoiri, selectively noting cultural contrasts between the two societies. Special attention is paid to apparent contradictions or disjunctions in the unfolding narrative, particularly in regard to the characterization of Elatha, king of the Fomoiri, father of the major Tuatha Dé leaders the Dagda and Ogma as well as of the half-Fomorian Bres, whose deposition from the Tuatha Dé kingship brings about the conflict.

Keywords: Lug, Brig, keening, satire, poet, hostage

In Cath Maige Tuired (‘The [Second] Battle of Mag Tuired’), the Tuatha Dé Danann (‘the peoples of the gods’ or ‘peoples of the goddess Danu’) defeat the vast invading army of a people known as Fomoiri at Mag Tuired (‘The Plain of the Pillars’) in Sligo. The Tuatha Dé victory rests upon the collaboration of an entire society – from smiths and physicians to poets and druids – as well as martial prowess, and heralds an enduring time of peace and prosperity for an Ireland untroubled by further Fomorian incursion. Set within an imagined pseudohistorical past that places Ireland within the larger literary context of biblical and classical history, Cath Maige Tuired operates as a multifaceted and paradigmatic theomachy illustrating the resilience of a well governed and well organized society against hostile external forces as well as the complex effects of non-martial relationships – kinship, alliance, marriage ties between potentially competitive peoples – on that society, whether understood as mortal or immortal. Within this literary construct, the victories of the Tuatha Dé occur inside a Christian temporal framework, their exemplary function existing and having value under Judgement. The tale ends with paired prophecies by the war goddess, the Morrígan: the first describes the fruits of peace that have been won, while the second envisions a darker time of social and natural disaster, silently prefiguring Christian eschatology and signifying Ireland's eventual conversion, as well as reflecting Ireland's experience with the Norse invasions.

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Publisher: Amsterdam University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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