6 - Myth as a Historical Resource : The Case of Orgain Denna Ríg (The Destruction of Dinn Ríg)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 October 2021
Summary
Abstract
This article examines how mythology and fictional narratives in medieval Irish literature were used to communicate important societal ideas and to encode political messages. It is a commonplace that stories about the past were re-used, re-cycled and re-interpreted in order to justify the present. These sources were utilized by the ruling classes in medieval Ireland to help explain the status quo on the one hand and to justify emerging change on the other. As the preference of the medieval Irish was ‘to take their history in the form of fiction’, many stories like Orgain Denna Rig (The Destruction of Dinn Rig) are extant from this period, stories which provide us with an important perspective on the growth and articulation of a significant facet of medieval Irish historiography.
Keywords: Early Laigin history; Labraid Loingsech; Cycles of the Kings; medieval Irish narrative texts; pseudo-history.
In her analysis of the medieval Irish pseudo-historical prophetic text Baile in Scáil ‘The Phantom's Vision’, Máire Herbert makes the case that ‘for the Uí Néill propagandists of the early eleventh century the mythic past provided a defensive strategy in a threatening present’. What she is referencing here is the use made by literati associated with Uí Néill – and particularly with the northern branch known as Cenél nEógain – of the motif of the sovereignty goddess bestowing a drink on the rightful ruler in order to re-assert their long-established rights to the kingship of Tara, reckoned as the pre-eminent kingship in early medieval Ireland. This use of myth to back up contemporary political concerns occurred at a period in their history when Uí Néill hegemony was under serious threat from powerful political rivals; the compilation of this particular narrative has been described as ‘a recourse by Cenél nEógain to the cornerstone of tradition at a time when they “were isolated from the currents of social, political, and ecclesiastical change”’. Baile in Scáil was not the only attempt made by Uí Néill propagandists to utilize the image of the sovereignty goddess in re-affirming their rights to the kingship of Tara.
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- Myth and History in Celtic and Scandinavian Traditions , pp. 135 - 150Publisher: Amsterdam University PressPrint publication year: 2021