Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Editors' preface
- Keynote address to the 1977 Symposium SIR JAMES LIGHTHILL
- Part I The large-scale climatology of the tropical atmosphere
- 1 Teleconnections of rainfall anomalies in the tropics and subtropics
- 2 Northern summer planetary-scale monsoons during drought and normal rainfall months
- 3 The annual oscillation of the tropospheric temperature in the northern hemisphere
- 4 Summer mean energetics for standing and transient eddies in the wavenumber domain
- 5 Monitoring the monsoon outflow from geosynchronous satellite data
- 6 Predictability of monsoons
- 7 A review of general-circulation model experiments on the Indian monsoon
- 8 Simulation of the Asian summer monsoon by an 11-layer general-circulation model
- 9 Analysis of monsoonal quasi-stationary systems as revealed in a real-data prediction experiment
- 10 A model of the seasonally varying planetary-scale monsoon
- 11 Wave interactions in the equatorial atmosphere – an analytical Study
- Part II The summer monsoon over the Indian subcontinent and East Africa
- Part III The physics and dynamics of the Indian Ocean during the summer monsoon
- Part IV Some important mathematical modelling techniques
- Part V Storm surges and flood forecasting
- Index
1 - Teleconnections of rainfall anomalies in the tropics and subtropics
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 November 2011
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Editors' preface
- Keynote address to the 1977 Symposium SIR JAMES LIGHTHILL
- Part I The large-scale climatology of the tropical atmosphere
- 1 Teleconnections of rainfall anomalies in the tropics and subtropics
- 2 Northern summer planetary-scale monsoons during drought and normal rainfall months
- 3 The annual oscillation of the tropospheric temperature in the northern hemisphere
- 4 Summer mean energetics for standing and transient eddies in the wavenumber domain
- 5 Monitoring the monsoon outflow from geosynchronous satellite data
- 6 Predictability of monsoons
- 7 A review of general-circulation model experiments on the Indian monsoon
- 8 Simulation of the Asian summer monsoon by an 11-layer general-circulation model
- 9 Analysis of monsoonal quasi-stationary systems as revealed in a real-data prediction experiment
- 10 A model of the seasonally varying planetary-scale monsoon
- 11 Wave interactions in the equatorial atmosphere – an analytical Study
- Part II The summer monsoon over the Indian subcontinent and East Africa
- Part III The physics and dynamics of the Indian Ocean during the summer monsoon
- Part IV Some important mathematical modelling techniques
- Part V Storm surges and flood forecasting
- Index
Summary
Statistical relations between the monthly rainfall amounts for 290 stations in the tropics and subtropics (30°S to 35 °N) are investigated by means of autocorrelation, power-spectrum, band-pass-fllter, cross-correlation, cross-spectrum, and coherence analyses with respect to space and time.
The main point of interest is the regional distribution of lagged serial correlation coefficients in India and in Africa and the teleconnections and phase relationships of long-term fluctuations between stations in the equatorial Pacific, Indonesia, India, Africa and South America.
Introduction
One of the most striking climatic variations in recent years occurred in 1972. Drought conditions were prevalent not only across Africa and northern India, but also in South America and Australia. The severe deficiency of rainfall in the subtropics was compensated by excessive rainfall closer to the Equator in southern India, the Phillippines, the western Pacific and in the highlands of southern Africa.
A preliminary survey by Flohn (1974) suggested that the occurrence of such anomalies in different parts of the tropics at almost the same time is not a particularly rare event.
This investigation centres on the question of whether droughts in the tropics and subtropics occur simultaneously, randomly or mutually exclusively. How dominant are quasi-periodic processes with periods of more than one year, and what kind of spatial and temporal coherence exists in the tropics and subtropics?
Observations
The statistical calculations are based on long series of monthly rainfall measurements carried out over periods ranging from 66 to 135 years.
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- Monsoon Dynamics , pp. 5 - 18Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1981
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