Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- 1 A short history of latent inhibition research
- Current topics in latent inhibition research
- 2 Latent inhibition and extinction: their signature phenomena and the role of prediction error
- 3 Inter-stage context and time as determinants of latent inhibition
- 4 Latent inhibition: acquisition or performance deficit?
- 5 Latent inhibition and learned irrelevance in human contingency learning
- 6 Associative and nonassociative processes in latent inhibition: an elaboration of the Pearce–Hall model
- 7 From latent inhibition to retrospective revaluation: an attentional-associative model
- 8 Latent inhibition and habituation: evaluation of an associative analysis
- 9 Latent inhibition and creativity
- 10 The phylogenetic distribution of latent inhibition
- 11 The genetics of latent inhibition: studies of inbred and mutant mice
- 12 A comparison of mechanisms underlying the CS–US association and the CS–nothing association
- 13 The pharmacology of latent inhibition and its relevance to schizophrenia
- 14 Parahippocampal region–dopaminergic neuron relationships in latent inhibition
- 15 Latent inhibition and other salience modulation effects: same neural substrates?
- 16 What the brain teaches us about latent inhibition (LI): the neural substrates of the expression and prevention of LI
- 17 Latent inhibition in schizophrenia and schizotypy: a review of the empirical literature
- 18 A cautionary note about latent inhibition in schizophrenia: are we ignoring relevant information?
- 19 Latent inhibition as a function of anxiety and stress: implications for schizophrenia
- 20 Nicotinic modulation of attentional deficits in schizophrenia
- 21 Latent inhibition and schizophrenia: the ins and outs of context
- Summary and conclusions
- Index
- References
10 - The phylogenetic distribution of latent inhibition
from Current topics in latent inhibition research
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 August 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- 1 A short history of latent inhibition research
- Current topics in latent inhibition research
- 2 Latent inhibition and extinction: their signature phenomena and the role of prediction error
- 3 Inter-stage context and time as determinants of latent inhibition
- 4 Latent inhibition: acquisition or performance deficit?
- 5 Latent inhibition and learned irrelevance in human contingency learning
- 6 Associative and nonassociative processes in latent inhibition: an elaboration of the Pearce–Hall model
- 7 From latent inhibition to retrospective revaluation: an attentional-associative model
- 8 Latent inhibition and habituation: evaluation of an associative analysis
- 9 Latent inhibition and creativity
- 10 The phylogenetic distribution of latent inhibition
- 11 The genetics of latent inhibition: studies of inbred and mutant mice
- 12 A comparison of mechanisms underlying the CS–US association and the CS–nothing association
- 13 The pharmacology of latent inhibition and its relevance to schizophrenia
- 14 Parahippocampal region–dopaminergic neuron relationships in latent inhibition
- 15 Latent inhibition and other salience modulation effects: same neural substrates?
- 16 What the brain teaches us about latent inhibition (LI): the neural substrates of the expression and prevention of LI
- 17 Latent inhibition in schizophrenia and schizotypy: a review of the empirical literature
- 18 A cautionary note about latent inhibition in schizophrenia: are we ignoring relevant information?
- 19 Latent inhibition as a function of anxiety and stress: implications for schizophrenia
- 20 Nicotinic modulation of attentional deficits in schizophrenia
- 21 Latent inhibition and schizophrenia: the ins and outs of context
- Summary and conclusions
- Index
- References
Summary
Introduction
Inspired by early Darwinian theory, cross-species comparisons of learning abilities were once a focal point of experimental psychology. Today, many researchers have turned to simple organic systems, not to compare them to other species, but rather to take advantage of the relative lack of complexity of their cellular and molecular architecture for the purpose of modeling basic processes that are assumed to be operative in more intricate organisms. This approach has been used with a number of invertebrates, including the fruit fly Drosophila, the sea slug Aplysyia, and the honey bee Apis mellifera (for reviews, see, e.g., Davis, 2005; Kandel, 2001; Menzel & Muller, 1996, respectively).
Many of these studies have examined the neural pathways involved in classical conditioning. More recently, however, attention also has been directed to an even simpler behavioral phenomenon, at least operationally, namely latent inhibition (LI). In the classical conditioning paradigm, the subject encounters paired presentations of the CS and US and the experimenter records changes in responsivity to the CS (i.e., CRs). In LI, the subject is first presented with a series of to-be-CSs, each of which is not followed by an event of consequence (CS−0). Typically, responses to the to-be-CS are not documented. The stimulus preexposure stage is followed by one or more CS−US pairings, during which time CRs are recorded (two-stage procedure). Alternatively, the second stage may be followed by an additional stage in which the CSs again are presented without the US, and the CRs are monitored (three-stage procedure).
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- Latent InhibitionCognition, Neuroscience and Applications to Schizophrenia, pp. 199 - 224Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2010