Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- 1 A short history of latent inhibition research
- Current topics in latent inhibition research
- 2 Latent inhibition and extinction: their signature phenomena and the role of prediction error
- 3 Inter-stage context and time as determinants of latent inhibition
- 4 Latent inhibition: acquisition or performance deficit?
- 5 Latent inhibition and learned irrelevance in human contingency learning
- 6 Associative and nonassociative processes in latent inhibition: an elaboration of the Pearce–Hall model
- 7 From latent inhibition to retrospective revaluation: an attentional-associative model
- 8 Latent inhibition and habituation: evaluation of an associative analysis
- 9 Latent inhibition and creativity
- 10 The phylogenetic distribution of latent inhibition
- 11 The genetics of latent inhibition: studies of inbred and mutant mice
- 12 A comparison of mechanisms underlying the CS–US association and the CS–nothing association
- 13 The pharmacology of latent inhibition and its relevance to schizophrenia
- 14 Parahippocampal region–dopaminergic neuron relationships in latent inhibition
- 15 Latent inhibition and other salience modulation effects: same neural substrates?
- 16 What the brain teaches us about latent inhibition (LI): the neural substrates of the expression and prevention of LI
- 17 Latent inhibition in schizophrenia and schizotypy: a review of the empirical literature
- 18 A cautionary note about latent inhibition in schizophrenia: are we ignoring relevant information?
- 19 Latent inhibition as a function of anxiety and stress: implications for schizophrenia
- 20 Nicotinic modulation of attentional deficits in schizophrenia
- 21 Latent inhibition and schizophrenia: the ins and outs of context
- Summary and conclusions
- Index
- References
15 - Latent inhibition and other salience modulation effects: same neural substrates?
from Current topics in latent inhibition research
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 August 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- 1 A short history of latent inhibition research
- Current topics in latent inhibition research
- 2 Latent inhibition and extinction: their signature phenomena and the role of prediction error
- 3 Inter-stage context and time as determinants of latent inhibition
- 4 Latent inhibition: acquisition or performance deficit?
- 5 Latent inhibition and learned irrelevance in human contingency learning
- 6 Associative and nonassociative processes in latent inhibition: an elaboration of the Pearce–Hall model
- 7 From latent inhibition to retrospective revaluation: an attentional-associative model
- 8 Latent inhibition and habituation: evaluation of an associative analysis
- 9 Latent inhibition and creativity
- 10 The phylogenetic distribution of latent inhibition
- 11 The genetics of latent inhibition: studies of inbred and mutant mice
- 12 A comparison of mechanisms underlying the CS–US association and the CS–nothing association
- 13 The pharmacology of latent inhibition and its relevance to schizophrenia
- 14 Parahippocampal region–dopaminergic neuron relationships in latent inhibition
- 15 Latent inhibition and other salience modulation effects: same neural substrates?
- 16 What the brain teaches us about latent inhibition (LI): the neural substrates of the expression and prevention of LI
- 17 Latent inhibition in schizophrenia and schizotypy: a review of the empirical literature
- 18 A cautionary note about latent inhibition in schizophrenia: are we ignoring relevant information?
- 19 Latent inhibition as a function of anxiety and stress: implications for schizophrenia
- 20 Nicotinic modulation of attentional deficits in schizophrenia
- 21 Latent inhibition and schizophrenia: the ins and outs of context
- Summary and conclusions
- Index
- References
Summary
The complexity of the environment is such that even a snapshot in time from a single modality can exceed the processing capacity of the human brain (Tsotsos,1990). This means that selection of some incoming stimuli for more detailed analysis (while ignoring other stimuli) is essential for efficient cognitive processing. Without such filtering we would be inundated with competing sensory impressions. Thus notions of stimulus salience and relevance have assumed prominence in a number of domains, from visual attention (Fecteau & Munoz, 2006; Li, 2002; Morris, Friston & Dolan, 1997) to animal cognition (Mackintosh, 1975).
But what exactly is meant by the term stimulus salience? There is no straightforward answer to this question, as the apprehension of salience is likely to be determined by a variety of factors. First, the inherent features of the stimulus will contribute to its effective salience, for example its physical intensity (what we will term intrinsic salience). More physically intense stimuli will be learned about more easily. A stimulus's physical intensity cannot be modulated, but the perception of its intensity can be. Second, associative learning theories tell us that past experience with the stimulus can also influence the amount of attention that is paid to it (what we will term acquired salience). This affects what is known as its associability – how easily it may be learned about – prototypically demonstrated in latent inhibition (LI). Thus past experience can also modulate the effective salience of a stimulus.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Latent InhibitionCognition, Neuroscience and Applications to Schizophrenia, pp. 342 - 371Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2010
References
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