5 - “The State’s Dignity Is Higher Than His Own Dignity”: The Relegitimization of Soviet Power
Summary
On November 20, 1943, the Kyiv Obkom established a “Commission of Assistance” to aid the All-Union “Extraordinary State Commission for the Establishment and Investigation of Crimes Committed by the German-Fascist Invaders and Their Accomplices” in its work in the Ukrainian capital. At the former commission's first meeting ten days later in Kyiv, the Extraordinary State Commission's newly arrived leader, Aron N. Trainin, said:
On arrival here in the territory of Ukraine, the Germans spoke demonstratively about their mission of “liberation.” In practice, as is clear from the materials we have familiarized ourselves with … they gave directions that were to place Ukraine in colonial dependence… . During twenty years of Soviet power, the Ukrainian people had grown to the point whereby the Germans understood that, in order for their colonial plan to work, they would need to work toward complete economic and cultural domination. First, it was necessary to unleash a strike at the heart of Ukraine, to degrade Kyiv, to liquidate its leading role. The Hitlerites’ activities around Kyiv ensued from this supposition.
After noting the Germans’ export of raw materials bound for Kyiv's industries, their opening of numerous brothels in the city, and their payment of starvation wages to those who worked for them, Trainin said what concerned him most was the massacre at Babyn Iar.
Trainin intended to write a report explaining why the Germans had murdered over 200,000 people in Kyiv, “something far above what we had for Smolensk and other cities.” After noting Kyivans’ resistance to Nazi efforts to transport them to points west, and suggesting that the city's experiences should be documented for all to read, he concluded:
When the Germans went after Smolensk they went as the conquerors of Russia. Here, they showed up as the liberators of the Ukrainians. We need to show that in truth all of the Germans’ institutions gave directions for the creation of a colonial regime, and we need to show materials that correspond to this truth. When they conquered Morocco, they said matter-of-factly, “The Moroccans are a lowly race.” But they understood that the Ukrainians had a thousand year-old culture and that, as such, they were a people that had to be disarmed, materially and culturally, and then taken bare-handedly.
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- Kyiv as Regime CityThe Return of Soviet Power after Nazi Occupation, pp. 131 - 157Publisher: Boydell & BrewerPrint publication year: 2016