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6 - Alphaherpes viral genes and their functions

from Part II - Basic virology and viral gene effects on host cell functions: alphaherpesviruses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 December 2009

By
Bernard Roizman  and
Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume
Edited by
Ann Arvin ,
Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume ,
Edward Mocarski ,
Patrick S. Moore ,
Bernard Roizman ,
Richard Whitley  and
Koichi Yamanishi
Bernard Roizman
Affiliation:
The Marjorie B. Kovler Viral Oncology Labs. The University of Chicago, IL, USA
Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Italy
Ann Arvin
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume
Affiliation:
Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy
Edward Mocarski
Affiliation:
Emory University, Atlanta
Patrick S. Moore
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Bernard Roizman
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Richard Whitley
Affiliation:
University of Alabama, Birmingham
Koichi Yamanishi
Affiliation:
University of Osaka, Japan
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Summary

Introduction

In this chapter the emphasis is on viral replication and on the viral gene products that define the outcome of the interaction of the alphaherpesviruses with their host. Viral replicative and host management functions account for some of the RNAs and a large number of proteins encoded by the viruses. There are, however, numerous viral gene products whose functions have not been identified or which do not play a prominent role in viral replication in the systems in which these have been tested. The objective of the table contained in this section is to summarize the functions of all known gene products and provide at least a few references for each product. It should be noted however that: of the three human alphaherpesviruses, we know more about the functions of herpes simplex virus-1 and -2 (HSV-1 and HSV -2) genes than about those of varicella zoster virus (VZV). We have identified in this table the VZV genes that are related to HSV by amino acid sequence homology. We note that partial sequence conservation does not necessarily mean that the homologous HSV and VZV gene products perform identical functions.

The list understates both the number of the products and their functions. The problem is twofold. The HSV genome encodes a large number of open reading frames (ORFs) with 50 or more codons and not all of the ORFs have been probed for to determine whether they are expressed.

Type
Chapter
Information
Human Herpesviruses
Biology, Therapy, and Immunoprophylaxis
 , pp. 70 - 92
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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