In this section, I engage with the entire set ofQur’anic verses that relate to gender and sexuality,and that do not claim heterosexuality to be the onlyviable and acceptable sexuality in accordance withIslamic ethics. The following analysissystematically reviews Qur’anic verses relating togender and sexuality in order to address a questionof utmost importance to queer French Muslims:whether or not their sexual practices and sexual andgender identities are validated by Islamic ethics.Indeed, this is the kind of question that queerFrench Muslims have been collectively dealing withsince gaining visibility as a movement in the publicspace. Moreover, our focus on scripture is all themore important given that selective and dogmaticinterpretations of scripture have often been used –including recently – by so-called “Islamic” states,organizations, and leaders to discriminate, or evento eliminate, individuals belonging to sexual andgender minorities.

Human Nature: Mirroring the Will of God

In the Qur’an, diversity is a “positive reality”(Kugle, 2010, p. 43), embedded into the heart of thecosmos, in order to stimulate within us a set ofnecessary reflections to overcome egocentrism,discrimination, exclusion, and violence:

Thus, the diversity of human genders is presented as asign of God's power. This is also the case for otherdiverse and varied human expressions: