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7 - Gene expression profiling in lymphoid malignancies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2009

By
Christof Burek ,
Elena Hartmann ,
Zhengrong Mao ,
German Ott  and
Andreas Rosenwald
Edited by
Wolf-Karsten Hofmann
Christof Burek
Affiliation:
Institute of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
Elena Hartmann
Affiliation:
Institute of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
Zhengrong Mao
Affiliation:
Institute of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
German Ott
Affiliation:
Institute of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
Andreas Rosenwald
Affiliation:
Institute of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
Wolf-Karsten Hofmann
Affiliation:
Charite-University Hospital Benjamin Franklin, Berlin
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Summary

Introduction

The development of high throughput technologies and, in particular, of DNA microarrays led to a great leap forward in the understanding of complex biological processes, as highlighted in the previous chapters. Not surprisingly, this technology has also revealed exciting new insights in the field of lymphoid malignancies. Specifically, first steps have been taken towards a molecular classification of lymphomas, and gene expression-based survival predictors for lymphoma patients have been created that may prove useful in guiding future treatment decisions. Importantly, oncogenic pathways and relevant biological features of various lymphoma subtypes have been uncovered that may facilitate new targeted treatment approaches.

Traditionally, lymphoma classifications have been a topic of hot debate, and various conceptual frameworks have been used in the past to classify lymphomas in a clinically and biologically meaningful way [1]. Early attempts of lymphoma classification relied heavily on either morphological or clinical aspects (e.g., in the Rappaport classification or in the Working Formulation, respectively). In the Kiel classification, cytological and immunologic criteria were applied for the first time to classify lymphomas according to their derivation from the B- or T-cell lineage. The latest approaches to lymphoma classification, the Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) and World Health Organization (WHO) classifications, include morphological aspects, immunophenotype and clinical features, but also underlying genetic alterations to define lymphoma subtypes [2, 3]. For example, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is now regarded as a distinct subgroup of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL), characterized by the reciprocal chromosomal translocation t(11;14) that is present in virtually all cases [4].

Type
Chapter
Information
Gene Expression Profiling by Microarrays
Clinical Implications
 , pp. 162 - 186
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

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References

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