Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgments and essay sources
- List of abbreviations: Frequently cited names and titles
- EPISTEMOLOGY
- ETHICS
- 8 Greek ethics and moral theory
- 9 Ataraxia: Happiness as tranquillity
- 10 Epicurean hedonism
- 11 Origins of the concept of natural law
- 12 Following nature: A study in Stoic ethics
- 13 The role of oikeiōsis in Stoic ethics
- 14 Antipater, or the art of living
- 15 Plato's Socrates and the Stoics
- Name index
- Index of passages cited
8 - Greek ethics and moral theory
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgments and essay sources
- List of abbreviations: Frequently cited names and titles
- EPISTEMOLOGY
- ETHICS
- 8 Greek ethics and moral theory
- 9 Ataraxia: Happiness as tranquillity
- 10 Epicurean hedonism
- 11 Origins of the concept of natural law
- 12 Following nature: A study in Stoic ethics
- 13 The role of oikeiōsis in Stoic ethics
- 14 Antipater, or the art of living
- 15 Plato's Socrates and the Stoics
- Name index
- Index of passages cited
Summary
Greek ethics has had a kind of renaissance in the last few years. A number of authors, tired, perhaps, of debates about forms of utilitarianism or technicalities of metaethics, have pointed to the classical Greek theories as offering a wider perspective. Three points in particular have been singled out for praise. First, Greek authors were usually concerned to provide an account of the good life for man – what they called eudaimonia, happiness – as opposed to focusing narrowly on right or good action. Second, this wider scope led them to treat seriously and without philistine prejudices the question of motives for morality, or reasons for wanting to be good – a question that has been an embarrassment to both Kantians and utilitarians. Finally, the Greek philosophers tended to be concerned with virtues of character, the traits that underlie or explain a disposition to act in the right way, more than with principles of right action. This is an advantage for two reasons. First, it would seem that our evaluations of people as distinct from actions must be based on a consideration of their character – indeed, even actions can hardly be understood or evaluated without regard to the agent's motives, and motives have more to do with character than with theoretical justification. Second, it seems that if ethics is to have some beneficial effect, preaching the rules of morality would be a most unpromising way of trying to achieve this.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Essays on Hellenistic Epistemology and Ethics , pp. 169 - 182Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1996
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