Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-2lccl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T23:32:16.428Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

8 - Prey behaviors during fleeing: escape trajectories, signaling, and sensory defenses

from IIc - Escape trajectories and strategies during pursuit

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2015

By
Paolo Domenici  and
Graeme D. Ruxton
Edited by
William E. Cooper, Jr  and
Daniel T. Blumstein
William E. Cooper, Jr
Affiliation:
Indiana University–Purdue University, Indianapolis
Daniel T. Blumstein
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles
Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Escaping From Predators
An Integrative View of Escape Decisions
 , pp. 199 - 224
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allan, B. J. M., Miller, G. M., McCormick, M. I., Domenici, P. & Munday, P. L. (2014). Parental effects improve escape performance of juvenile reef fish in a high-CO2 world. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 2013–2179.Google Scholar
Arnott, S. A., Neil, D. M. & Ansell, A. D. (1999). Escape trajectories of the brown shrimp Crangon crangon, and a theoretical consideration of initial escape angles from predators. Journal of Experimental Biology, 202, 193–209.Google Scholar
Batschelet, E. (1981). Circular Statistics in Biology. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Batty, R. S. (1989). Escape responses of herring larvae to visual stimuli. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 69, 647–654.Google Scholar
Blaxter, J. H. S. & Batty, R. S. (1985). The development of startle responses in herring larvae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 65, 737–750.Google Scholar
Blaxter, J. H. S. & Batty, R. S. (1987). Comparisons of herring behavior in the light and dark: Changes in activity and responses to sound. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 67, 849–859.Google Scholar
Bond, A. B. & Kamil, A. C. (2006). Spatial heterogeneity, predator cognition, and the evolution of color polymorphism in virtual prey. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103, 3214–3219.Google Scholar
Booth, D., Marie, B., Domenici, P., Blagburn, J. M. & Bacon, J. P. (1999). Transcriptional control of behavior: Engrailed knock-out changes cockroach escape trajectories. Journal of Neuroscience, 29, 7181–7190.Google Scholar
Brackenbury, J. (1999). Regulation of swimming in the Culex pipiens (Diptera, Culicidae) pupa: Kinematics and locomotory trajectories. Journal of Experimental Biology, 202, 2521–2529.Google Scholar
Camhi, J. M. & Tom, W. (1978). The escape behaviour of the cockroach Periplaneta americana. 1. Turning response to wind puffs. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 128, 193–201.Google Scholar
Cantalupo, C., Bisazza, A. & Vallortigara, G. (1995). Lateralization of predator-evasion response in a teleost fish (Girardinus falcatus). Neuropsychologia, 33, 1637–1646.Google Scholar
Caro, T. M. (2005). Antipredator Defenses in Birds and Mammals. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Catania, K. C. (2009). Tentacled snakes turn C-starts to their advantage and predict future prey behavior. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106, 11183–11187.Google Scholar
Červený, J., Begall, S., Koubek, P., Nováková, P. & Burda, H. (2011). Directional preference may enhance hunting accuracy in foraging foxes. Biology Letters, 7, 355–357.Google Scholar
Chittka, L., Skorupski, P. & Raine, N. E. (2009). Speed-accuracy tradeoffs in animal decision making. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 24, 400–407.Google Scholar
Comer, C. M. & Dowd, J. P. (1987). Escape turning behaviour of the cockroach. Changes in directionality induced by unilateral lesions of the abdominal nervous system. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 160, 571–583.Google Scholar
Comer, C. (2009). Behavioral biology: Inside the mind of Proteus? Current Biology, 19, R27–R28.Google Scholar
Cooper, W. E. (2007). Escape and its relationship to pursuit-deterrent signalling in the cuban curly-tailed lizard Leiocephalus carinatus. Herpetologica, 63, 144–150.Google Scholar
Cooper, W. E., Perez-Mellado, V. & Hawlena, D. (2007). Number, speeds, and approach paths of predators affect escape behavior by the Balearic Lizard, Podarcis lilfordi. Journal of Herpetology, 41, 197–204.Google Scholar
Cresswell, W. E. (1994). Song as a pursuit-deterrent signal, and its occurrence relative to other anti-predator behaviours of skylark (Alauda arvensis) on attack by merlins (Falco columbarius). Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology, 23, 217–223.Google Scholar
Domenici, P. (2001). The scaling of locomotor performance in predator prey encounters: From fish to killer whales. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A, 131, 169–182.Google Scholar
Domenici, P. (2002). The visually mediated escape response in fish: Predicting prey responsiveness and the locomotor behaviour of predators and prey. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology, 35, 87–110.Google Scholar
Domenici, P. (2003). Habitat, body design and the swimming performance of fish. In Vertebrate Biomechanics and Evolution. Oxford: Bios Scientific Publishers, pp. 137–160.Google Scholar
Domenici, P. (2010). Context-dependent variability in the components of fish escape response: Integrating locomotor performance and behavior. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 313A, 59–79.Google Scholar
Domenici, P. & Batty, R. S. (1997). Escape behaviour of solitary herring (Clupea harengus) and comparisons with schooling individuals. Marine Biology, 128, 29–38.Google Scholar
Domenici, P. & Blake, R. W. (1993a). Escape trajectories in angelfish (Pterophyllum eimekei). Journal of Experimental Biology, 177, 253–272.Google Scholar
Domenici, P. & Blake, R. W. (1993b). The effect of size on the kinematics and performance of angelfish (Pterophyllum eimekei). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 71, 2319–2326.Google Scholar
Domenici, P., Lefrançois, C. & Shingles, A. (2007). Hypoxia and the anti-predator behaviour of fishes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B, 362, 2105–2121.Google Scholar
Domenici, P., Booth, D., Blagburn, J. M. & Bacon, J. P. (2008). Cockroaches keep predators guessing by using preferred escape trajectories. Current Biology, 18, 1792–1796.Google Scholar
Domenici, P., Booth, D., Blagburn, J. M. & Bacon, J. P. (2009). Escaping away from and towards a threat: The cockroach’s strategy for staying alive. Communicative and Integrative Biology, 2, 497–500.Google Scholar
Domenici, P., Blagburn, J.M. & Bacon, J.P. (2011a). Animal escapology I: Theoretical issues and emerging trends in escape trajectories. Journal of Experimental Biology, 214, 2463–2473.Google Scholar
Domenici, P., Blagburn, J.M. & Bacon, J.P. (2011b). Animal escapology II: Escape trajectorycase studies. Journal of Experimental Biology, 214, 2474–2494.Google Scholar
Driver, P. M. & Humphries, D. A. (1988). Protean Behavior. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Eaton, R. C. & Emberley, D. S. (1991). How stimulus direction determines the trajectory of the Mauthner-initiated escape response in a teleost fish. Journal of Experimental Biology, 161, 469–487.Google Scholar
Eaton, R. C., Lavender, W. A. & Wieland, C. M. (1981). Identification of Mauthner-initiated response patterns in goldfish: Evidence from simultaneous cinematography and electrophysiology. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 144, 521–531.Google Scholar
Edut, S. & Eilam, D. (2004). Protean behavior under barn-owl attack: Voles alternate between freezing and fleeing and spiny mice flee in alternating patterns. Behavioural Brain Research, 155, 207–216.Google Scholar
Godin, J.-G. J. (1997). Evading predators. In Behavioural Ecology of Teleost Fishes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 191–236.Google Scholar
Hall, S. J., Wardle, C. S. & Maclennan, D. N. (1986). Predator evasion in a fish school: Test of a model for the fountain effect. Marine Biology, 91, 143–148.Google Scholar
Hamilton, W. D. (1971). Geometry of the selfish herd. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 31, 295–311Google Scholar
Hart, V., Malkemper, E. P., Kusta, T. et al. (2013). Directional compass preference for landing in water birds. Frontiers in Zoology, 10, 38.Google Scholar
Hatle, J. D., Salazar, B. A. & Whitman, D. W. (2001). Sluggish movement and repugnant odor are positively interacting insect defensive traits in encounters with frogs. Journal of Insect Behaviour, 14, 479–496.Google Scholar
Hatle, J. D., Salazar, B. A. & Whitman, D. W. (2002). Survival advantage of sluggish individuals in aggregations of aposematic prey, during encounters with ambush predators. Evolutionary Ecology, 16, 415–431Google Scholar
Heuts, B. A. (1999). Lateralization of trunk muscle volume, and lateralization of swimming turns of fish responding to external stimuli. Behavioural Processes, 47, 113–124.Google Scholar
Howland, H. C. (1974). Optimal strategies for predator avoidance: The relative importance of speed and manoeuvrability. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 134, 56–76.Google Scholar
Humphries, D. A. & Driver, P. M. (1967). Erratic display as a device against predators. Science, 156, 1767.Google Scholar
Humphries, D. A. & Driver, P. M. (1970). Protean defence by prey animals. Oecologia, 5, 285–302.Google Scholar
Ingle, D. J. & Hoff, K. V. (1990). Visually elicited evasive behavior in frogs. Bioscience, 40, 284–291.Google Scholar
Ioannou, C. C., Tosh, C. R., Neville, L. & Krause, J. (2008). The confusion effect: From neural networks to reduced predation risk. Behavioral Ecology, 19, 126–130.Google Scholar
Ioannou, C. C., Guttal, V. & Couzin, I. D. (2012). Predatory fish select for coordinated collective motion in virtual prey. Science, 337, 1212–1215Google Scholar
Jakobsen, H. H. (2002). Escape of protists in predator-generated feeding currents. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 26, 271–281.Google Scholar
Jeschke, J. M. & Tollrian, R. (2007). Prey swarming: Which predators become confused and why? Animal Behaviour, 74, 387–393.Google Scholar
Jones, K. A., Jackson, A. L. & Ruxton, G. D. (2011). Prey jitters: Protean behavior in grouped prey. Behavioral Ecology, 22, 831–836.Google Scholar
King, J. R. & Comer, C. M. (1996). Visually elicited turning behavior in Rana pipiens: Comparative organization and neural control of escape and prey capture. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 178, 293–305.Google Scholar
Krakauer, D. C. (1995). Groups confuse predators by exploiting perceptual bottlenecks: A connectionist model of the confusion effect. Behavioural Ecology & Sociobiology, 36, 421–429.Google Scholar
Krause, J. & Ruxton, G. D. (2002). Living in Groups. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Krylov, V. V., Nepomnyashchikh, V. A., Izvekov, E. I., Izyumov, Y. G. & Chebotareva, Y. V. (2008). Asymmetry of escape behavior of the roach (Rutilus rutilus, Cyprinidae): Correlation with morphological asymmetry. Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 87, 573–577.Google Scholar
Land, M. & Layne, J. (1995). The visual control of behavior in fiddler-crabs.2. Tracking control-systems in courtship and defense. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 177, 91–103.Google Scholar
Landeau, L. & Terborgh, J. (1986). Oddity and the confusion effect in predation. Animal Behaviour, 34, 1372–1380.Google Scholar
Lazzari, C. & Varju, D. (1990). Visual lateral fixation and tracking in the hematophagous bug Triatoma infestans. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 167, 527–531.Google Scholar
Marden, J. H. & Chai, P. (1991). Aerial predation and butterfly design: How palatability, mimicry, and the need for evasive flight constrain mass allocation. American Naturalist, 138, 15–36.Google Scholar
Martin, J. & Lopez, P. (1996). The escape response of juvenile Psammodromus algirus lizards. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 110, 187–192.Google Scholar
Oliva, D., Medan, V. & Tomsic, D. (2007). Escape behavior and neuronal responses to looming stimuli in the crab Chasmagnathus granulatus (Decapoda : Grapsidae). Journal of Experimental Biology, 210, 865–880.Google Scholar
Peters, R. H. (1983). The Ecological Implications of Body Size. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pewsey, A., Neuhauser, M. & Ruxton, G. D. (2013). Circular Statistics, in R. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Preuss, T. & Faber, D. S. (2003). Central cellular mechanisms underlying temperature-dependent changes in the goldfish startle-escape behavior. Journal of Neuroscience, 23, 5617–5626.Google Scholar
Reluga, T. C. & Viscido, S. (2005). Simulated evolution of selfish herd behavior. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 234, 213–235.Google Scholar
Ruxton, G. D., Sherratt, T. N. & Speed, M. P. (2004). Avoiding Attack: The Evolutionary Ecology of Crypsis, Warning Signals & Mimicry. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ruxton, G. D., Jackson, A. L. & Tosh, C. R. (2007). Confusion of predators does not rely on specialist coordinated behavior. Behavioral Ecology, 18, 590–596.Google Scholar
Sherratt, T. N., Rashed, A. & Beatty, C. D. (2004). The evolution of locomotory behavior in profitable and unprofitable simulated prey. Oecologia, 138, 143–150.Google Scholar
Srygley, R. B. (1994). Locomotory mimicry in butterflies: The associations of positions of centers of mass among groups of mimetic unprofitable prey. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 343, 145–155.Google Scholar
Srygley, R. B. & Dudley, R. (1993). Correlations of the position of centre of body-mass with butterfly escape tactics. Journal of Experimental Biology, 174, 155–166.Google Scholar
Stern, M., Ediger, V. L., Gibbon, C. R., Blagburn, J. M. & Bacon, J. P. (1997). Regeneration of cercal filiform hair sensory neurons in the first-instar cockroach restores escape behavior. Journal of Neurobiology, 33, 439–458.Google Scholar
Thake, M.A. (1981). Nonsense orientation: An adaptation for flocking during predation? Ibis, 123, 47–248.Google Scholar
Tauber, E. & Camhi, J. M. (1995). The wind-evoked escape behavior of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus: Integration of behavioral elements. Journal of Experimental Biology, 198, 1895–1907.Google Scholar
Tosh, C. R., Jackson, A. L. & Ruxton, G. D. (2006). The confusion effect in predatory neural networks. American Naturalist, 167, E52–E65.Google Scholar
Turesson, H., Satta, A. & Domenici, P. (2009). Preparing for escape: anti-predator posture and fast-start performance in gobies. Journal of Experimental Biology, 212, 2925–2933.Google Scholar
Vallortigara, G. & Rogers, L. J. (2005). Survival with an asymmetrical brain: Advantages and disadvantages of cerebral lateralization. Behavioral Brain Science, 28, 575–633.Google Scholar
Vega-Redondo, F. & Hasson, O. (1993). A game-theoretic model of predator–prey signaling. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 162, 309–319.Google Scholar
Viscido, S. V., Miller, M. & Wethey, D. S. (2001). The response of a selfish herd under attack from outside the group perimeter. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 208, 315–328.Google Scholar
Viscido, S. V., Miller, M. & Wethey, D. S. (2002). The dilemma of the selfish herd: the search for a realistic movement rule. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 217, 183–194.Google Scholar
Walker, J. A., Ghalambor, C. K., Griset, O. L., McKenney, D. & Reznick, D. N. (2005). Do faster starts increase the probability of evading predators? Functional Ecology, 19, 808–815.Google Scholar
Von Christian, E. (1978). The jump of springtails. Naturwissenschaft, 65, 495–496.Google Scholar
Weihs, D. & Webb, P. W. (1984). Optimal avoidance and evasion tactics in predator–prey interactions. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 106, 189–206.Google Scholar
Wilson, A. M, Lowe, J. C., Roskilly, K. et al. (1013). Locomotion dynamics of hunting in wild cheetahs. Nature, 498, 185–189.Google Scholar
Woodbury, P. B. (1986). The geometry of predator avoidance by the blue-crab, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun. Animal Behaviour, 34, 28–37.Google Scholar
Yin, M. C. & Blaxter, J. H. S. (1987). Escape speeds of marine fish larvae during early development and starvation. Marine Biology, 96, 459–468.Google Scholar
Zani, P. A., Jones, T. D., Neuhaus, R. A. & Milgrom, J. E. (2009). Effect of refuge distance on escape behavior of side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana). Canadian Journal of Zoology-Revue Canadienne De Zoologie, 87, 407–414.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×