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3 - Universalism in feminist international ethics

Gender and the difficult labour of translation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 August 2013

Jude Browne
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
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Summary

Without translation, the very concept of universality cannot cross the linguistic borders it claims in principle, to be able to cross. Or we might put it another way: without translation, the only way the assertion of universality can cross a border is through a colonial and expansionist logic.

Judith Butler

The question of universality is at the heart of debates in international ethics, both feminist and non-feminist. For some ethical theorists, there can be no such thing as an international ethics without the presumption of strong moral universalism. For others, it is the absence of moral universalism that is the starting point for international ethics. Yet again, for many ethical theorists, the task for international ethics is to establish some kind of middle way between ‘cosmopolitan’ (universalist) and ‘communitarian’ (particularist) alternatives. Debates over moral universalism are, of course, not new. Neither are they peculiar to those of us concerned with the domains of international, world or global politics. Nevertheless, when the ethical issues with which one is dealing are relevant to the latter domains, issues of universality as a matter of both the ground and scope of moral judgement become particularly salient. One cannot address questions about transnational distributive justice, the ethics of war or other kinds of cross-border intervention without addressing the issue of whether answers to such questions can be meaningful and/or authoritative transnationally, across boundaries of culture and power. This chapter examines the arguments of thinkers concerned with how to authorise moral judgements across these kinds of boundaries, beginning with Hegel.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2013

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Brown, Chris, International Relations Theory: New Normative Approaches (Harlow: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1992)Google Scholar
Sovereignty, Rights and Justice (Cambridge University Press, 2002)
Dower, Nigel, World Ethics: The New Agenda (Edinburgh University Press, 1998)Google Scholar
Hutchings, Kimberly, International Political Theory: Re-thinking Ethics in a Global Era (London: SAGE, 1999)Google Scholar
Singer, P. (Famine, Affluence and Morality, Philosophy and Public Affairs 1 (1972), pp. 229–43)Google Scholar
Rawls, (A Theory of Justice (Oxford University Press, 1971)Google Scholar
Gilligan, Carol, In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women’s Development (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1982)Google Scholar
Ruddick, Sara, Maternal Thinking: Towards a Politics of Peace (London: Women’s Press, 1990)Google Scholar
Robinson, Fiona, Globalizing Care: Ethics, Feminist Theory and International Relations (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1999)Google Scholar
Benhabib, Seyla, Situating the Self: Gender, Community and Postmodernism in Contemporary Ethics (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992), pp. 178–202.Google Scholar
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Butler, Judith, Subjects of Desire: Hegelian Reflections in Twentieth-Century France (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1988)Google Scholar
Butler, Judith, Undoing Gender (London: Routledge, 2004)Google Scholar
Butler, Judith, Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence (London: Verso, 2004)Google Scholar
Benhabib, Seyla, ed., Democracy and Difference: Contesting the Boundaries of the Political (Princeton University Press, 1996)
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