Herwig, Holger H., ed. The Outbreak of World War I: Causes and Responsibilities. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1997

Joll, James, ed. The Origins of the First World War. London: Longman, 1999

Langdon, John W., ed. July 1914: The Long Debate, 1918–1990. New York: Berg, 1991

Martel, Gordon, ed. The Origins of the First World War. London: Longman, 1996

Mombauer, Annika, ed. The Origins of the First World War: Controversies and Consensus. London: Longman, 2002

Remak, Joachim, ed. The Origins for World War I, 1870–1914. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1995

Albertini, Luigi. The Origins of the War 1914. 3 vols. London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1952–57

Berghahn, Volker R. Germany and the Approach of War in 1914. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, 1993

Bosworth, R. J. B. Italy and the Approach of the First World War. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1983

Keiger, John V. France and the Origins of the First World War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984

Lieven, D. C. B. Russia and the Origins of the First World War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1983

Steiner, Zara S. Britain and the Origins of the First World War. London: Palgrave Macmillan 2003

Williamson, Samuel R., Jr. Austria-Hungary and the Origins of the First World War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991

Fellner, Fritz. “Austria-Hungary.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 9–25

Leslie, John. “The Antecedents of Austria-Hungary's War Aims, Policies and Policymakers in Vienna and Budapest before and during 1914.” Wiener Beiträge zur Geschichte der Neuzeit Bd. 20. Vienna: Verlag für Geschichte und Politik, 1993. Pp. 307–94

Tunstall, Graydon A., Jr. Planning for War Against Russia and Serbia: Austro-Hungarian and German Military Strategies, 1871–1914. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993

Williamson, Samuel R., Jr. “Vienna and July 1914: The Origins of the Great War Once More.” In S. R. Williamson and P. Pastor, eds., Essays on World War I: Origins and Prisoners of War. New York: Columbia University Press, 1983. Pp. 9–36

Cornwall, Mark. “Serbia.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 55–96

Dedijer, Vladimir. The Road to Sarajevo. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1966

Dragnich, Alex N. Serbia, Nikola Pašić, and Yugoslavia. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1974

Hall, Richard C. Bulgaria's Road to the First World War. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996

Leontaritis, George B. Greece and the First World War: From Neutrality to Intervention, 1917–1918. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990

Petrovich, Michael Boro. A History of Modern Serbia, 1804–1918. 2 vols. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1976

Torrey, Glenn E. Romania and World War I. Portland: Center for Romanian Studies, 1998

Becker, Jean-Jacques. The Great War and the French People. Leamington Spa: Berg, 1993

Hayne, M. B. The French Foreign Office and the Origins of the First World War, 1898–1914. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993

Porch, Douglas. The March to the Marne: The French Army 1871–1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981CrossRef

Schuman, Frederick L. War and Diplomacy in the French Republic. New York: Whittlesey House, 1969

Wright, Gordon. Raymond Poincaré and the French Presidency. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1942

Cecil, Lamar. William II, vol. 2: Emperor and Exile, 1900–1941. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996

Fischer, Fritz. Germany's Aims in the First World War. New York: Norton, 1976

Fischer, Fritz. War of Illusions: German Policies from 1911 to 1914. New York: Norton, 1975

Geiss, Imanuel, ed. July 1914: The Outbreak of the First World War. Selected Documents. New York: Norton, 1968

Herwig, Holger H. The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary 1914–1918. London: Arnold, 1997

Mombauer, Annika. Helmuth von Moltke and the Origins of the First World War. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001

Röhl, John. 1914: Delusion or Design? The Testimony of Two German Diplomats. London: Paul Elek, 1973

Verhey, Jeffrey. The Spirit of 1914: Militarism, Myth and Mobilization in Germany. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000CrossRef

Gooch, John. The Plans of War: The General Staff and British Military Strategy c. 1900–1916. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1974

Hinsley, F. H., ed., British Foreign Policy under Sir Edward Grey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977

Robbins, Keith. Sir Edward Grey: A Biography of Lord Grey of Falladon. London: Cassell, 1971

Williamson, Samuel R., Jr. The Politics of Grand Strategy: Britain and France Prepare for War, 1904–1914. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press, 1969

Wilson, Keith. “Britain.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 175–208

Bosworth, R. J. B. Italy, the Least of the Great Powers: Italian Foreign Policy before the First World War. London: Cambridge University Press, 1979CrossRef

Clough, Shephard B., and Salvatore Saladino, eds. A History of Modern Italy: Documents, Readings and Commentary. New York and London: Columbia University Press, 1968

Gooch, John. Army, State and Society in Italy, 1870–1915. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989

Renzi, William A. In the Shadow of the Sword: Italy's Neutrality and Entrance into the Great War, 1914–1915. New York: P. Lang, 1987

Sullivan, Brian R. “The Strategy of the Decisive Weight: Italy, 1882–1922.” In Williamson Murray, MacGregor Knox, and Alvin Bernstein, eds., The Making of Strategy: Rulers, States, and War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. Pp. 307–51

Dickinson, Frederick R. War and National Reinvention: Japan in the Great War, 1914–1919. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press, 1999CrossRef

Harries, Meiron, and Susie Harris. Soldiers of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Japanese Army. New York: Random House, 1991

Nish, Ian. Alliance in Decline: A Study in Anglo-Japanese Relations, 1908–23. London: Athlone Press, 1972

Nish, Ian. “Japan.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 209–28

Shaw, Stanford, and Ezel Kural Shaw. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. 2 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976–77

Trumpener, Ulrich. Germany and the Ottoman Empire, 1914–1918. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968

Turfan, M. Naim. Rise of the Young Turks: Politics, the Military, and Ottoman Collapse. London: I. B. Tauris, 2000

Yasamee, F. A. K. “Ottoman Empire.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 229–68

Fuller, William C. Civil-Military Conflict in Imperial Russia 1881–1914. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985

Gatrell, Peter. Government, Industry, and Rearmament in Russia, 1900–1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994

Kennan, George F. The Fateful Alliance: France, Russia, and the Coming of the First World War. New York: Pantheon, 1984

Lieven, D. C. B. Nicholas II: Emperor of all the Russias. London: John Murray, 1993

Menning, Bruce W. Bayonets before Bullets: The Imperial Russian Army, 1861–1914. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992

Ambrosius, Lloyd R. Wilsonian Statecraft: Theory and Practice of Liberal Internationalism during World War I. Wilmington: SR Books, 1991

Cooper, John Milton. The Vanity of Power: American Isolationism and the First World War, 1914–1917. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1969

Gregory, Ross. The Origins of American Intervention in the First World War. New York: Norton, 1971

Knock, Thomas J. To End All Wars: Woodrow Wilson and the Quest for World Order. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992

Link, Arthur S. The Higher Realism of Woodrow Wilson and Other Essays. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1971

Link, Arthur S. Wilson: Confusions and Crises, 1915–1916. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1964

Link, Arthur S. Wilson: The Struggle for Neutrality, 1914–1915. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1960

May, Ernest R. The World War and American Isolation. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959

Hamilton, Richard F., and Holger H. Herwig, eds. The Origins of World War I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. 525–31

Herwig, Holger H., ed. The Outbreak of World War I: Causes and Responsibilities. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1997

Joll, James, ed. The Origins of the First World War. London: Longman, 1999

Langdon, John W., ed. July 1914: The Long Debate, 1918–1990. New York: Berg, 1991

Martel, Gordon, ed. The Origins of the First World War. London: Longman, 1996

Mombauer, Annika, ed. The Origins of the First World War: Controversies and Consensus. London: Longman, 2002

Remak, Joachim, ed. The Origins for World War I, 1870–1914. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1995

Albertini, Luigi. The Origins of the War 1914. 3 vols. London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1952–57

Berghahn, Volker R. Germany and the Approach of War in 1914. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, 1993

Bosworth, R. J. B. Italy and the Approach of the First World War. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1983

Keiger, John V. France and the Origins of the First World War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984

Lieven, D. C. B. Russia and the Origins of the First World War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1983

Steiner, Zara S. Britain and the Origins of the First World War. London: Palgrave Macmillan 2003

Williamson, Samuel R., Jr. Austria-Hungary and the Origins of the First World War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991

Fellner, Fritz. “Austria-Hungary.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 9–25

Leslie, John. “The Antecedents of Austria-Hungary's War Aims, Policies and Policymakers in Vienna and Budapest before and during 1914.” Wiener Beiträge zur Geschichte der Neuzeit Bd. 20. Vienna: Verlag für Geschichte und Politik, 1993. Pp. 307–94

Tunstall, Graydon A., Jr. Planning for War Against Russia and Serbia: Austro-Hungarian and German Military Strategies, 1871–1914. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993

Williamson, Samuel R., Jr. “Vienna and July 1914: The Origins of the Great War Once More.” In S. R. Williamson and P. Pastor, eds., Essays on World War I: Origins and Prisoners of War. New York: Columbia University Press, 1983. Pp. 9–36

Cornwall, Mark. “Serbia.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 55–96

Dedijer, Vladimir. The Road to Sarajevo. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1966

Dragnich, Alex N. Serbia, Nikola Pašić, and Yugoslavia. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1974

Hall, Richard C. Bulgaria's Road to the First World War. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996

Leontaritis, George B. Greece and the First World War: From Neutrality to Intervention, 1917–1918. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990

Petrovich, Michael Boro. A History of Modern Serbia, 1804–1918. 2 vols. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1976

Torrey, Glenn E. Romania and World War I. Portland: Center for Romanian Studies, 1998

Becker, Jean-Jacques. The Great War and the French People. Leamington Spa: Berg, 1993

Hayne, M. B. The French Foreign Office and the Origins of the First World War, 1898–1914. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993

Porch, Douglas. The March to the Marne: The French Army 1871–1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981CrossRef

Schuman, Frederick L. War and Diplomacy in the French Republic. New York: Whittlesey House, 1969

Wright, Gordon. Raymond Poincaré and the French Presidency. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1942

Cecil, Lamar. William II, vol. 2: Emperor and Exile, 1900–1941. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996

Fischer, Fritz. Germany's Aims in the First World War. New York: Norton, 1976

Fischer, Fritz. War of Illusions: German Policies from 1911 to 1914. New York: Norton, 1975

Geiss, Imanuel, ed. July 1914: The Outbreak of the First World War. Selected Documents. New York: Norton, 1968

Herwig, Holger H. The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary 1914–1918. London: Arnold, 1997

Mombauer, Annika. Helmuth von Moltke and the Origins of the First World War. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001

Röhl, John. 1914: Delusion or Design? The Testimony of Two German Diplomats. London: Paul Elek, 1973

Verhey, Jeffrey. The Spirit of 1914: Militarism, Myth and Mobilization in Germany. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000CrossRef

Gooch, John. The Plans of War: The General Staff and British Military Strategy c. 1900–1916. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1974

Hinsley, F. H., ed., British Foreign Policy under Sir Edward Grey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977

Robbins, Keith. Sir Edward Grey: A Biography of Lord Grey of Falladon. London: Cassell, 1971

Williamson, Samuel R., Jr. The Politics of Grand Strategy: Britain and France Prepare for War, 1904–1914. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press, 1969

Wilson, Keith. “Britain.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 175–208

Bosworth, R. J. B. Italy, the Least of the Great Powers: Italian Foreign Policy before the First World War. London: Cambridge University Press, 1979CrossRef

Clough, Shephard B., and Salvatore Saladino, eds. A History of Modern Italy: Documents, Readings and Commentary. New York and London: Columbia University Press, 1968

Gooch, John. Army, State and Society in Italy, 1870–1915. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989

Renzi, William A. In the Shadow of the Sword: Italy's Neutrality and Entrance into the Great War, 1914–1915. New York: P. Lang, 1987

Sullivan, Brian R. “The Strategy of the Decisive Weight: Italy, 1882–1922.” In Williamson Murray, MacGregor Knox, and Alvin Bernstein, eds., The Making of Strategy: Rulers, States, and War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. Pp. 307–51

Dickinson, Frederick R. War and National Reinvention: Japan in the Great War, 1914–1919. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press, 1999CrossRef

Harries, Meiron, and Susie Harris. Soldiers of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Japanese Army. New York: Random House, 1991

Nish, Ian. Alliance in Decline: A Study in Anglo-Japanese Relations, 1908–23. London: Athlone Press, 1972

Nish, Ian. “Japan.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 209–28

Shaw, Stanford, and Ezel Kural Shaw. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. 2 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976–77

Trumpener, Ulrich. Germany and the Ottoman Empire, 1914–1918. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968

Turfan, M. Naim. Rise of the Young Turks: Politics, the Military, and Ottoman Collapse. London: I. B. Tauris, 2000

Yasamee, F. A. K. “Ottoman Empire.” In Keith Wilson, ed., Decisions for War 1914. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Pp. 229–68

Fuller, William C. Civil-Military Conflict in Imperial Russia 1881–1914. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985

Gatrell, Peter. Government, Industry, and Rearmament in Russia, 1900–1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994

Kennan, George F. The Fateful Alliance: France, Russia, and the Coming of the First World War. New York: Pantheon, 1984

Lieven, D. C. B. Nicholas II: Emperor of all the Russias. London: John Murray, 1993

Menning, Bruce W. Bayonets before Bullets: The Imperial Russian Army, 1861–1914. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992

Ambrosius, Lloyd R. Wilsonian Statecraft: Theory and Practice of Liberal Internationalism during World War I. Wilmington: SR Books, 1991

Cooper, John Milton. The Vanity of Power: American Isolationism and the First World War, 1914–1917. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1969

Gregory, Ross. The Origins of American Intervention in the First World War. New York: Norton, 1971

Knock, Thomas J. To End All Wars: Woodrow Wilson and the Quest for World Order. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992

Link, Arthur S. The Higher Realism of Woodrow Wilson and Other Essays. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1971

Link, Arthur S. Wilson: Confusions and Crises, 1915–1916. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1964

Link, Arthur S. Wilson: The Struggle for Neutrality, 1914–1915. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1960

May, Ernest R. The World War and American Isolation. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959

Hamilton, Richard F., and Holger H. Herwig, eds. The Origins of World War I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. 525–31