Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pjpqr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-23T01:50:34.417Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

28 - Asymmetry effects in hypernovae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 August 2009

By
K. Maeda ,
K. Nomoto ,
J. Deng  and
P. A. Mazzali
Edited by
Peter Höflich ,
Pawan Kumar  and
J. Craig Wheeler
K. Maeda
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
K. Nomoto
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan
J. Deng
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan
P. A. Mazzali
Affiliation:
Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan; INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico, Via Tiepolo, 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
Peter Höflich
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Austin
Pawan Kumar
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Austin
J. Craig Wheeler
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Austin
Get access

Summary

Abstract

The basic explosion mechanisms of core-collapse supernovae (SNe) have not been clarified yet. The discovery of hypernovae with the isotropic kinetic energy (E) E51 ≡ E ∕ 1051 ergs ≳ 5-10 brought us a new light on this issue. Observational properties of hypernovae indicate that asymmetry may play an important role in the explosion. We discuss two classes of asymmetry effects related to hypernovae. (1) Effects of asymmetric ejecta on observed properties. Interpreting (late phase) optical light curves and spectra of hypernovae suggests that these objects are aspherical in nature. (2) Effects of asymmetric bipolar explosions on nucleosynthetic yields. An aspherical bipolar explosion provides high-velocity Fe-rich materials and low-velocity O-rich materials, which are in agreement with the observations. The unique yields of the bipolar explosions, e.g., enhanced (Zn, Co)/Fe and suppressed (Mn, Cr)/Fe, can account for the peculiar abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars, suggesting that they could have significantly contributed to the early Galactic chemical evolution.

Properties of hypernovae

Type Ic Hypernova SN 1998bw was probably linked to GRB 980425 (Galama et al. 1998), thus establishing for the first time a connection between gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and core-collapse SNe. However, SN 1998bw was exceptional for a SN Ic: it was as luminous at peak as a SN Ia, indicating that it synthesized ∼0.5 M⊙ of 56Ni, and its isotropic E was estimated as E51 ≳ 30 (Iwamoto et al. 1998; Woosley, Eastman, & Schmidt 1999; see, however, Höflich, Wheeler, & Wang. 1999 for a different interpretation).

Type
Chapter
Information
Cosmic Explosions in Three Dimensions
Asymmetries in Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts
 , pp. 244 - 254
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blake, L. A. J.et al. 2001, Nucl. Phys. A., 688, 502CrossRef
Burrows, A., Ott, C. D., Meakin, C, in this volume
Chugai, N. N. 2000, Astron. Lett., 26, 797CrossRef
Clocchiatti, A., & Wheeler, J. C. 1997, Astrophys. J., 491, 375CrossRef
Clocchiatti, A., et al. 1997, Astrophys. J., 483, 675CrossRef
Galama, T. J., et al. 1998, Nature, 395, 670CrossRef
Hamuy, M. 2003, Astrophys. J., 582, 905CrossRef
Hjorth, J., et al. 2003, Nature, 423, 847CrossRef
Höflich, P., Wheeler, J. C., Wang, L. 1999, Astrophys. J., 521, 179CrossRef
Iwamoto, K., et al. 1998, Nature, 395, 672CrossRef
Iwamoto, K., et al. 2000, Astrophys. J., 534, 660CrossRef
Kawabata, K. S., et al. 2003, Astrophys. J., 593, L19CrossRef
Khokhlov, A. M., et al. 1999, Astrophys. J., 524, L107CrossRef
Knop, R., et al. 1999, IAU Circ., 7128
MacFadyen, A. I., Woosley, S. E., & Heger, A. 2001, Astrophys. J., 550, 410CrossRef
Maeda, K., et al. 2002, Astrophys. J., 565, 405CrossRef
Maeda, K., et al. 2003, Astrophys. J., 593, 931CrossRef
Maeda, K., & Nomoto, , 2003, Astrophys. J., in press (astro-ph/0304172)
Matheson, T., et al. 2003, Astrophys. J., in press (astro-ph/0307435)
Mazzali, P. A., Iwamoto, K., Nomoto, K. 2000, Astrophys. J., 545, 407CrossRef
Mazzali, P. A., Nomoto, K., Patat, F., Maeda, K. 2001, Astrophys. J., 559, 1047CrossRef
Mazzali, P. A., et al. 2002, Astrophys. J., 572, L61CrossRef
Mazzali, P. A., et al. 2003, Astrophys. J., submitted (astro-ph/0309555)
McWilliam, A., et al. 1995, Astron. J., 109, 2757CrossRef
Nakamura, T., et al, K. 2001, Astrophys. J, 550, 991CrossRef
Nomoto, K., et al. 2003a, in IAU Symp 212, A massive Star Odyssey, from Main Sequence to Supernova, eds Hucht, V. D., et al., Astron. Soc. Pac., San Francisco, 395 (astro-ph/0209064)
Nomoto, K., et al. 2003b, in Stellar Collapse, ed Fryer, C. L., Astrophysics and Space Science, Kluwer, in press (astro-ph/0308136)
Patat, F. A., et al. 2001, Astrophys. J., 555, 900CrossRef
Primas, F., et al. 2000, in The First Stars, eds Weiss, A., et al., Springer, 51
Ryan, S. G., Norris, J. E. & Beers, T. C. 1996, Astrophys. J., 471, 254CrossRef
Shigeyama, T., & Tsujimoto, T. 1998, Astrophys. J., 507, L135CrossRef
Stanek, K. Z., et al. 2003, Astrophys. J., 591, L17CrossRef
Turatto, M., et al., 1998, Astrophys. J., 498, L129CrossRef
Wang, L., Howell, D. A., Höflich, P., Wheeler, J. C. 2001, Astrophys. J., 550, 1030CrossRef
Wang, L., et al., 2002, Astrophys. J., 579, 671CrossRef
Woosley, S. E., Eastman, R. G., Schmidt, B. P. 1999, Astrophys. J., 516, 788CrossRef
Woosley, S. E., Heger, A. 2003, Astrophys. J., submitted (astro-ph/0309165)
Yoshii, Y., et al. 2003, Astrophys. J., 592, 467CrossRef
Zampieri, L., et al. 2003, Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 338, 711CrossRef

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Asymmetry effects in hypernovae
    • By K. Maeda, Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, K. Nomoto, Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan, J. Deng, Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan, P. A. Mazzali, Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan; INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico, Via Tiepolo, 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
  • Edited by Peter Höflich, University of Texas, Austin, Pawan Kumar, University of Texas, Austin, J. Craig Wheeler, University of Texas, Austin
  • Book: Cosmic Explosions in Three Dimensions
  • Online publication: 11 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511536236.028
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Asymmetry effects in hypernovae
    • By K. Maeda, Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, K. Nomoto, Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan, J. Deng, Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan, P. A. Mazzali, Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan; INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico, Via Tiepolo, 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
  • Edited by Peter Höflich, University of Texas, Austin, Pawan Kumar, University of Texas, Austin, J. Craig Wheeler, University of Texas, Austin
  • Book: Cosmic Explosions in Three Dimensions
  • Online publication: 11 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511536236.028
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Asymmetry effects in hypernovae
    • By K. Maeda, Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, K. Nomoto, Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan, J. Deng, Department of Astronomy, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan, P. A. Mazzali, Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan; INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico, Via Tiepolo, 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
  • Edited by Peter Höflich, University of Texas, Austin, Pawan Kumar, University of Texas, Austin, J. Craig Wheeler, University of Texas, Austin
  • Book: Cosmic Explosions in Three Dimensions
  • Online publication: 11 August 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511536236.028
Available formats
×