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4 - Reading Alison's Smock in the Miller's Tale

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 April 2014

Laura F. Hodges
Affiliation:
A teacher of English literature for a number of years, she holds a doctorate in literature from Rice University.
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Summary

In the Miller's Tale, Chaucer provides an extensive introductory portrait of Alison, a winsome and nubile wife of an elderly carpenter. Her description is replete with arresting costume details. Such effictio is normally part of the “formal artistry” employed as rhetorical decoration in medieval romances at a “first appearance” of a character in a story and “when an account of their beauty could explain the attraction of one character for another.” However, Chaucer employs this artistic, rhetorical convention within the early lines of his Miller's Tale (MilT), a fabliau, a genre in which it is not quite so much at home. Noteworthy because of its generic displacement, Chaucer's elaborate depiction of an artisan's wife is further enhanced by his fusion of artifice with “realistic similes and imagery.” According to D. S. Brewer, this lengthy passage is “partly a rhetorical joke the point of which is the absurdity of describing a carpenter's wife, a wanton village wench, as if she were a heroine, a noble and ideal beauty.” Brewer states that Alison's “clothes are also part of the joke” but does not elaborate this point. More recently, Hope Phyllis Weissman characterizes this description as “a parody of the rhetorical descriptio of the romance lady” – a “Courtly Damsel.” In this portrait, as Weissman comments, “considerable attention is … lavished on ornament.”

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Chapter
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Chaucer and Array
Patterns of Costume and Fabric Rhetoric in The Canterbury Tales, Troilus and Criseyde and Other Works
, pp. 118 - 139
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2014

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