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4 - Society: hierarchy and solidarity

from Part I - Global developments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2015

Benjamin Z. Kedar
Affiliation:
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks
Affiliation:
University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
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Summary

This chapter argues that during the Middle Millennium people in all the societies about which information can be gleaned were reckoned to be more or less unequal. Eurasia, with the addition of North Africa, is by far the best recorded part of the world in the Middle Millennium. Despite all the contacts and more similarities between the societies of Eurasia than traditional stereotypes suggest, there were many differences in economic and social structures and relations. Information about society often comes from records of government while political and social hierarchies and solidarities appear to have been closely related. Most societies started from some kind of unwritten customary law. The combination of solidarity and hierarchy is clear at the local level of society at which most people lived most of the time. Discussion of social and political structures in Africa is hindered by the customary vocabulary of tribes and chiefs.
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

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