Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pjpqr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-26T23:36:50.697Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

Willard J. Peterson
Affiliation:
Princeton University, New Jersey
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

A-kuei, . “Lun tseng ping ch'ou hsiang shu.” In Ch'ang-ling, Ho, comp., Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien. 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1972, 26: pp. 10b–11.Google Scholar
Abe, Takeo.Beikaku jukyū no kenkyū: Yosei shi no isshō to shite mita.” In his Shindaishi no kenkyū. Tokyo: Sōbunsha, 1971, pp. 411–522.Google Scholar
Abe, Takeo.Shindai ni okeru tentōgyō no susei.” In Haneda hakushi shōju kinen tōyōshi ronsō. Kyoto: Tōyōshi kenkyūkai, 1950, pp. 1–36.Google Scholar
Abe, Takeo. Shindaishi no kenkyū. Tokyo: Sōbunsha, 1971.
Adachi, Keiji.Shindai kahoku no nōgyō keiei to shakai kōzō,” Shirin, 64, No. 4 (July 1981), pp. 66–93.Google Scholar
Alvarez, Sonia E. Engendering democracy in Brazil: Women's movements in transition politics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990.
An, Shuang-ch'eng.K'ang-hsi huang-ti yü hsi-yang ch'uan-chiao-shih. Li-shih tang-an, I (1994), pp. 91–3.Google Scholar
An, Shuang-ch'eng.T'ang Jo-wang an shih-mo.” Li-shih tang-an, 3 (1992), pp. 79–87.Google Scholar
Aratake, Tatsurō.Shindai Kenryū nenkan ni okeru Santōshō Tōshūfu: Tōhoku chihō kan no hito no ido to ketsuen shoshiki.” Shigaku zashi, 108, No. 2 (February 1999), pp. 34–59.Google Scholar
Atwell, William S.From education to politics: The Fu She.” In The unfolding of neo-Confucianism, ed. Wm. Bary., Theodore New York: Columbia University Press, 1975, pp. 333–67.Google Scholar
Atwell, William S.Notes on silver, foreign trade, and the late Ming economy.” Ch'ing shih wen-t'i, 3, No. 8 (December 1977), pp. 1–33.Google Scholar
Averill, Steven.The shed people and the opening of the Yangzi highlands.” Modern China, 9, No. I (January 1983), pp. 84–126.Google Scholar
Bai, Limin.Mathematical study and intellectual transition in the early and mid-Qing.” Late Imperial China, 16, No. 2 (December 1995), pp. 23–61.Google Scholar
Bai, Qianshen.Fu Shan (1607–1684/85) and the transformation of Chinese calligraphy in the seventeenth century.” Diss., Yale University, 1996.
Barrow, John. Travels in China. London: A. Strahan, 1804.
Bartlett, Beatrice S. Monarchs and Ministers: The Grand Council in mid-Ch'ing China, 1723–1820. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
Bawden, Charles R. The modern history of Mongolia. New York: Praeger, 1968.
Beattie, Hilary. Land and lineage in China: A study of T'ung-ch'eng county, Anhwei, in the Ming and Ch'ing dynasties. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
Ben-David, Joseph. The scientist's role in society: A comparative study. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1971.
Benedict, Carol. Bubonic plague in nineteenth-century China. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1996.
Benn, James A.Where text meets flesh: Burning the body as an apocryphal practice in Chinese Buddhism.” History of Religions, 37, No. 4 (May 1998), pp. 295–318.Google Scholar
Bergholz, Fred W. The partition of the Steppe: The struggle of the Russians, Manchus, and the Zunghar Mongols for empire in central Asia, 1619–1758. New York and Bern: Peter Lang, 1993.
Bielenstein, Hans.The regional provenance of Chin-shih during Ch'ing.” Bulletin of the {Stockholm} Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, 64 (1992), pp. 6–178.Google Scholar
Blussé, Leonard. Strange company: Chinese settlers, Mestizo women, and the Dutch in VOC Batavia. Dordrecht: Foris Publications, 1988.
Boettcher, Cheryl M.‘To make them ready for official employment’: Literacy in Manchu and the Hanlin cohort of 1655.” UCLA History Department Writing Seminar Paper, Winter-Spring, 1993.
Borei, Dorothy.Economic implications of empire building: The case of Xinjiang.” Central and Inner Asian Studies, 5 (1991), pp. 22–37.Google Scholar
Boserup, Ester. Population and technological change: a study of long-term trends. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981.
Bouvet, Joachim. Histoire de l'Empereur de la Chine presentée au roy. The Hague, 1699; rpt. Tientsin: n.p., 1940.
Bray, Francesca. Technology and gender: Fabrics of power in late imperial China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Brokaw, Cynthia J.Commercial publishing in late imperial China: The Zou and Ma family businesses.” Late Imperial China, 17, No. I (June 1996), pp. 49–92.Google Scholar
Brokaw, Cynthia J. The ledgers of merit and demerit: Social change and moral order in late imperial China. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991.
Brokaw, Cynthia J.Tai Chen and learning in the Confucian tradition.” In Education and society in late imperial China, ed. Elman, Benjamin A. and Woodside., Alexander Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994, pp. 257–91.Google Scholar
Brook, Timothy.Censorship in eighteenth-century China: a view from the book trade.” Canadian Journal of History, 22 (August 1988), pp. 177–96.Google Scholar
Brook, Timothy. The confusions of pleasure: Commerce and culture in Ming China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
Brook, Timothy.Funerary ritual and the building of lineages in late imperial China.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 49, No. 2 (December 1989), pp. 465–99.Google Scholar
Brook, Timothy. Geographical sources of Ming-Qing history. Michigan Monographs in Chinese Studies, 58. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, Center for Chinese Studies, 1988.
Brook, Timothy.Guides for vexed travellers: Route books in the Ming and Qing.” Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 4, No. 5 (June 1981), pp. 32–76.Google Scholar
Brook, Timothy.Communications and commerce.” In The Ming dynasty, part 2. Vol. 8 of The Cambridge history of China, ed. Twitchett, Denis and Mote., Frederick W. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, pp. 579–707.Google Scholar
Brown, Harcourt. Scientific organizations in seventeenth-century France, 1620–1680. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1934.
Buck, John Lossing. Chinese farm economy: a study of 2866 farms in seventeen localities and seven provinces in China. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1930.
Buoye, Thomas.From patrimony to commodity: Changing concepts of land and social conflict in Guangdong province during the Qianlong reign (1736–1795).” Late Imperial China, 14, No. 2 (December 1993), pp. 33–59.Google Scholar
Buoye, Thomas. Manslaughter, markets, and moral economy: violent disputes over property rights during the Qianlong reign. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Butler, Judith. Gender trouble: feminism and the subversion of identity. New York: Routledge, 1990.
Cahill, James.The three Changs, Yangzhou beauties, and the Manchu court.” Orientations (October 1996), pp. 59–68.Google Scholar
Cai, Shaoqing (Ts'ai Shao-ch'ing). “On the origin of the Gelaohui.” Modern China, 10, No. 4 (1984), pp. 481–508.Google Scholar
Carlitz, Katherine.Shrines, governing-class identity, and the cult of widow fidelity in mid-Ming Jiangnan.” Journal of Asian Studies, 56, No. 3 (1997), pp. 612–40.Google Scholar
Chaffee, John.Chu Hsi and the revival of the White Deer Grotto Academy, 1179–81.” T'oung Pao, 71 (1985), pp. 40–62.Google Scholar
Chan, Albert. The glory and fall of the Ming dynasty. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1982.
Chang, Ch'i-yün et al., eds. Ch'ing shih. 8 Vols. Yang-ming-shan: Kuofang yen-chiu yüan, 1961. See Chao Erh-hsün.
Chang, Chien-jen. Ming-tai chiao-yü kuan-li chih-tu yen-chiu. Taipei: Wen-chin ch'u-pan-she, 1991.
Chang, Ch'in. Chia-wei, Ch'u and , Cheng T'ien-i, eds. K'ang-hsi cheng-yao. Peking: Chung-kung chung-yang-tang, 1994.
Chang, Ch'uan-hsi, ed. Chung-kuo li-tai ch'i-yüeh hui-pien k'ao-shih. 2 Vols. Peking: Pei-ching ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1995.
Chang, Chun-shu, and Chang, Shelley Hsüeh-lun. Crisis and transformation in seventeenth-century China: Society, culture, and modernity in Li Yü's world. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992.
Chang, Chung-ju et al. Ch'ing-tai k'ao-shih chih-tu tzu-liao. Shanghai: Li-ming shu-chü, 1934.
Chang, Chung-ju. Ch'ing-tai k'ao-shih chih-tu. Shanghai: Li-ming shu-chü, 1931.
Chang, Chung-min.Hsiao sheng-ch'an, ta liu-t'ung.” Chungkuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 2 (1996), pp. 42–9.Google Scholar
Chang, Fang.Ming Ch'ing chi-fu ti-ch'u shui-tao chung-chih ti fa-chan chi ch'i chih-yüeh yin-su.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, I (1996), pp. 83–9.Google Scholar
Chang, Hai-p'eng and Li-hsing, T'ang. “Lun Hui-shang ‘Ku erh hao ju’ ti t'e-se.” Chung-kuo shih yen-chiu, 4 (1984), pp. 57–70.Google Scholar
Chang, Hsiao-t'ang.Ch'ien-lung nien-chien Ch'ing cheng-fu p'ing-heng ts'ai-cheng chih yen-chiu.” In ta-hsüeh, Chung-kuo jen-min so, Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu, comp. Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi. 8 Vols. Peking: Kuang-ming jih-pao ch'u-pan-she, 1990, Vol. 7, pp. 26–60.Google Scholar
Chang, Hsüeh-ch'eng. Chang-shih i-shu. 1885 ed.; rpt. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1936.
Chang, Hsüeh-ch'eng.Lun k'o-meng hsüeh wen-fa”. In his Chang-shih i-shu. 1885 ed.; rpt. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1936, Pu-i.Google Scholar
Chang, Jen-shan.Lun Ch'ien-lung ti teng-chi lun-li kuan chi ch'i wei-hu teng-chi lun-li ti ts'o-shih.” Ku-kung po-wu-yüan yüan-k'an, 3 (1988), pp. 23–8, 69.Google Scholar
Chang, P'eng-yüan.Yün-Kuei ti-ch'u shao-shu min-tsu ti she-hui pien-i chi ch'i hsien-chih.” In Chung-kuo hsien-tai-hua lun-wen chi, ed. Institute of Modern History. Taipei: Academia Sinica, 1991, pp. 239–75.Google Scholar
Chang, Te-ch'ang.The economic role of the imperial household (Nei-wu-fu) in the Ch'ing dynasty.” Journal of Asian Studies, 31, No. 2 (February 1972), pp. 243–73.Google Scholar
Chang, T'ing-yü et al., eds. Ming shih. 1736; rpt. Ch'i-yün, Chang et al., eds. 6 Vols. Yang-ming-shan: Kuo-fang yen-chiu-yüan, 1962–63; Peking: Chung-hua, 1974; rpt. Taipei: Ting-wen shu-chü, 1982.
Chang, Yen.Ch'ing-tai tsu-t'ien ching-ying ch'u-t'an.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 3 (1987), pp. 49–56.Google Scholar
Chang, Yin.Ku-ching ching-she ch'u-kao.” Wen-lan hsüeh-pao, 2, No. I (March 1936), pp. 1–47.Google Scholar
Chang, Yü-shu, ed. P'ing-ting Shuo-mo fang-lüeh. 1708; rpt. Peking: Pei-ching shih hsi-hua shu-tien, 1986.
Chang, Chung-li. The Chinese gentry, Studies on their role in nineteenth-century Chinese society. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1955.
Chang, Chung-li. The income of the Chinese gentry. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1962.
Chang, Kang-i Sun.A guide to Ming-Ch'ing anthologies of female poetry and their selection strategies.” The Gest Library Journal (Special issue) 5, No. 2 (1992), pp. 119–74.Google Scholar
Chang, Kang-i Sun. The late-Ming poet Ch'en Tzu-lung: Crises of love and loyalism. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1991.
Chang, Kang-i Sun.Ming and Qing anthologies of women's poetry and their selection strategies.” In Writing women in late imperial China, ed. Widmer, Ellen and Chang., Kang-i Sun Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1997, pp. 147–70.Google Scholar
Chao, Ch'un.Ho-nan nung-ts'un fu-nü ti ching-chi sheng-huo.” Tung-fang tsa-chih, 33, No. 10 (1936), pp. 101 –3.Google Scholar
Chao, Erh-hsün et al., comps. Ch'ing shih kao. Peking: Ch'ing shih kuan, 1928; rpt. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1977; rpt. as Ch'ing shih, ed. Ch'i-yün, Chang et al. 8 Vols. Yang-ming-shan: Kuo-fang yen-chiu yüan, 1961, 1963. rpt. as Ch'ing shih kao chiao-chu. Taipei: Kuo-shih kuan, 1986.Google Scholar
Chao, I.Chün-chi ch'u shu.” In Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien, comp. Ch'ang-ling., Ho 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1972, 14, pp. 7–9.Google Scholar
Chao, I.Ming pien-sheng kung-chiao ping-shu tsui to.” In Ch'ang-ling, Ho, comp., Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien. 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1972, 71, pp. 7b–8.Google Scholar
Chao, Shih-yü.Ming Ch'ing shih-ch'i Hua-pei miao-hui yen-chiu.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 5 (1992), pp. 118–30.Google Scholar
Chao, Wen-lin and Shu-chün, Hsieh. Chung-kuo jen-k'ou shih. Peking: Jen-min, 1988.
Chao, Yün-t'ien. Ch'ing-tai Meng-ku cheng-chih chih-tu. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1989.
Chao-lien, . Hsiao-t'ing tsa-lu, ed. Ying-fang., Ho Peking: Chiussu-t'ang, 1880; rpt. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1980.
Ch'en, Chao-nan. Yung-cheng Ch'ien-lung nien-chien ti yin-ch'ien pi-chia pien-tung. Taipei: Shang-wu, 1966.
Ch'en, Chen-han, Hsiung, Cheng-wen, Li, Shen, and Yin, Han-chang, comps. Ch'ing shih-lu ching-chi tzu-liao: Shun-chih–Chia-ch'ing-ch'i, nung-yeh. 3 Vols. Peking: Pei-ching ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1989.
Ch'en, Ch'i-t'ien. Shan-hsi p'iao-chuang k'ao-lüeh. Taipei: Hua-shih, 1978.
Ch'en, Chieh-hsien. Chiu Man-chou tang. 10 Vols. Taipei: Palace Museum, 1969; rpt. Taipei: Lien-ching ch'u-pan-she, 1988.
Ch'en, Ch'iu-k'un.Private property rights and family process: A study of the ta-tsu-hu (primary rent-holders) in frontier Taiwan, 1700–1850.” In Family process and political process in modern Chinese history, ed. ,Institute of Modern History. Taipei: Academia Sinica, 1992, pp. 745–78.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Ch'ün-sheng.Ch'ing-tai chung-yeh Ling-nan ch'u-yü shih-ch'ang ti cheng-ho: mi-chia tung-t'ai ti shu-li fen-hsi.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 2 (1993), pp. 99–106.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Chung-p'ing.Ming-Ch'ing shih-ch'i: Chiang-nan ti-ch'u shih-ch'ang k'ao-ch'a.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 2 (1990), pp. 24–40.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Feng.Chien-lun Sung Ming Ch'ing ts'ao-yün chung ssu-huo fan-yün chi mao-i.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, I (1996), pp. 120–7.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Feng.Ch'ing-tai chung-yang tsai-cheng yü ti-fang tsai-cheng ti t'iao-cheng.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 5 (1977), pp. 100–14.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Feng. Ch'ing-tai chün-fei yen-chiu. Wuhan: Wu-han ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1992.
Chen, Fu-mei, and Myers, Ramon H.. “Coping with transaction costs: The case of merchant associations in the Ch'ing period.” In China's market economy in transition, ed. Lee, Yung-san and Liu., Ts'ui-jung Taipei: Academia Sinica, 1990, pp. 79–104.Google Scholar
Chen, Fu-mei and Myers, Ramon H.. “Rural production and distribution in late imperial China.” Han-hsüeh yen-chiu, 3, No. 2 (December 1985), pp. 657–708.Google Scholar
Chen, Fu-mei and Myers, Ramon H.. “Some distinctive features of commodity markets in late imperial China: Three case studies.” In The second conference on modern Chinese economic history, ed. Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica. Taipei: Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, 1989, vol. 2, pp. 633–82.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Hsüeh-wen.Ming-Ch'ing shih-ch'i Chiang-nan ti i-ke ch'uan-yeh shih-chen.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi shih yen-chiu, I (1985), pp. 54–61.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Hua. Ch'ing-tai ch'u-yü she-hui ching-chi yen-chiu Peking: Chung-kuo jen-min ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1996.
Ch'en, Hua.Ch'ing-tai jen-ting pien-shen chih-tu ch'u-t'an.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi, 6 (1988), pp. 169–94.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Hung-mou. Tsai kuan fa-chieh lu. 1743; rpt. Shanghai; Chung-hua shu-chü, 1936.
Ch'en, Kuo-tung.Transaction practices in China's export tea trade, 1760–1833.” In The second conference on modern Chinese economic history, ed. ,Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica. Taipei: Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, 1989, vol. 2, pp. 745–70.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Meng-lei, and Chiang, T'ing-hsi, eds. Ku-chin t'u-shu chi-ch'eng. 1728 ed.
Ch'en, Tung-yüan.Ch'ing-tai shu-yüan feng-ch'i chih pien-ch'ien.” Hsüeh-feng, 3, No. 5 (June 1933), pp. 15–20.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Wen-shih.The creation of the Manchu niru.” Chinese Studies in History, 14, No. 4 (Summer 1981), pp. 11–46.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Wu-t'ung. Chu Yüan-chang yen-chiu. T'ien-chin: Jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1993.
Chen, Yi-sein.The Chinese in Rangoon during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.” In Essays offered to G. A. Luce by his colleagues and friends in honour of his seventy-fifth birthday, ed. Shin, Ba, Boisselier, J., and Griswold., A. B. 2 Vols. Ascona: Artibus Asiae, 1964, Vol. I, pp. 107–11.Google Scholar
Ch'en, Yüan, comp. K'ang-hsi yü Lo-ma shih-chieh kuan-hsi wen-shu ying-yin pen. Peking: Ku-kung po-wu-kuan, 1932.
Ch'en, Chieh-hsien. Manchu archival materials. Taipei: Linking Publishing, 1988.
Chen, Fu-mei Chang, and Myers, Ramon H.. “Customary law and the economic growth of China during the Ch'ing period.” Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 3, No. 5 (November 1976), pp. 1–32, and 3, No. 10 (December 1978), pp. 4–27.Google Scholar
Ch'en, , Kuo-tung, Anthony. The insolvency of the Chinese Hong merchants, 1760–1843. ,Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, Monograph series, 45. Nankang, Taipei: Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, 1990.
Chesneaux, Jean. Popular movements and secret societies in China, 1840–1950. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1972.
Cheung, Siu-Woo.Millenarianism, Christian, movements, and ethnic change among the Miao in southwest China.” In Cultural encounters on China's ethnic frontiers, ed. Harrell., Stevan Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1995, pp. 217–47.Google Scholar
Chi, Yün et al., eds. Ssu-k'u ch'üan-shu tsung-mu t'i-yao. Peking: Wu-ying tien, 1782; rpt. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu-kuan, 1931; rpt. Taipei: Shang-wu yin-shu-kuan, 1965.
Chia, Ning.The Li-fan yüan in the early Ch'ing dynasty.” Diss., Johns Hopkins University, 1991.
Chiang-hsi, sheng ch'ing-kung-yeh t'ing t'ao tz'u yen-chiu-suo, comp. Ching-te-chen t'ao tz'u shih kao. Peking: San-lien shu-tien, 1959.
Ch'ien, Ta-hsin. Ch'ien-yen-tang wen-chi. 8 Vols. Rpt. Taipei, Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1968.
Ch'ien, Ta-hsin. Shih-chia-chai yang-hsin lu. 1804 ed.; rpt. Taipei: Kuang-wen shu-chü, 1968.
Ch'ien, Tsung-fan. Ch'ien-lung. Nanning: Kuang-hsi jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1986.
Ch'ien, Tsung-fan. K'ang-hsi. Nanning: Kuang-hsi jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1975.
Chikusa, Masaaki.Shusantaishi-an ni tsuite.” Shirin, 62, No. 4 (1979), pp. 1–21.Google Scholar
Ch'in, Hui-t'ien, comp. Wu-li t'ung-k'ao. 1761 ed.
Chin, Kuan-t'ao and Liu, Ch'ing-feng. Hsing-sheng yü wei-chi. Changsha: Hunan jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1984; rpt. Taipei: Su-feng, 1987.
Chin, Liang, trans. Man-chou pi-tang. n.p., 1933; rpt. in Subset 2, K'ai-kuo shih-liao, of Ch'ing-shih tzu-liao. Taipei: T'ai-lien kuo-feng ch'u-pan-she, 1969, Vol. 5, pp. 107–308.Google Scholar
Ch'in, Pao-ch'i. Ch'ing ch'ien-ch'i T'ien-ti-hui yen-chiu. Peking: Jen-min ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1988.
Ching, Chün-chien. Ch'ing-tai she-hui ti chien-min teng-chi. Hangchow: Che-chiang jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1993.
Ch'ing, Kao-tsung, comp. Yü-hsüan ming-ch'en tsou-i. Peking: Wu-ying tien, 1781; rpt. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu-kuan, 1935.
Ch'ing, Shih-tsung. Ta i chüeh mi lu. ca. 1730, ,Columbia University Starr East Asian Library Rare Book Room; also rpt. in Ch'ing-shih tzu-liao, No. 4, ed. k'e-hsüeh-yüan, Chung-kuo she-hui, Ch'ing, shih yen chiu so. Peking: Chung-hua shu chü, 1983.Google Scholar
Choi, Chi-cheung.Kanan enkai ni okeru shusshi shūdan no tōgō to bunshi ni tsuite.” 2 Vols. Diss., Department of Oriental Studies, Tokyo University, 1987.
Chou, Yü.Ts'ung cheng Mien-tien jih-chi.” In Huang, Ch'en, comp., Tse-ku ch'ung-ch'ao. 1823, 7, pp. 1–9.Google Scholar
Chow, Kai-wing. The rise of Confucian ritualism in late imperial China: Ethics, classics, and lineage discourse. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1994.
Chow, Kai-wing.Writing for success: Printing, examinations, and intellectual change in late Ming China.” Late Imperial China, 17, No. I (June 1996), pp. 120–57.Google Scholar
Ch'u, Chia-wei, and Cheng, T'ien-i, comps. K'ang-hsi cheng-yao, ed. Ch'in., Chang Peking: Chung-kung chung-yang tang-chiao ch'u-pan she, 1994.
Chu, Hsi-tsu. Hou Chin kuo han hsing-shih k'ao. n.p., 1932.
Chü, Huan-wu.Ch'ing-tai hsing-lü ti ch'ü-fa i shen-ch'ing.” In Family process and political process in modern Chinese history, ed. ,Institute of Modern History. Taipei: Academia Sinica, 1992, pp. 847–900.Google Scholar
Chu, Tse-yün.Yang min.” In Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien, comp. Ch'ang-ling., Ho 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1972, 28, pp. 1–2.Google Scholar
Chu, Yung. Ch'ing-tai tsung-tsu fa yen-chiu. Ch'ang-sha: Hunan Educational Press, 1987.
Chu, , Ron, Guey.Ancestral hall and Confucian rites in pre-modern Taiwan.” Paper presented to the Conference on Ritual and Community Life in East Asia, Montreal, October 1996.Google Scholar
Ch'ü, T'ung-tsu. Local government in China under the Ch'ing. Harvard East Asian Studies, 9. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1962; rpt. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1973.
Ch'üan, Han-sheng.Ch'ien-lung shih-san nien ti mi-kuei wen-t'i.” In his Chung-kuo ching-chi shih lun-ts'ung. Hong Kong: Ch'ung-wen, 1972, pp. 547–66.Google Scholar
Ch'üan, Han-sheng.Ch'ing-ch'ao chung-yeh Su-chou ti mi-liang mao-i.” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, 39 (October 1969), pp. 71–86.Google Scholar
Ch'üan, Han-sheng.Mei-chou pai-yin yü shih-pa shih-chi Chung-kuo wu-chia ko-ming ti kuan-hsi.” In his Chung-kuo ching-chi shih lun-ts'ung. Hong Kong: Hsin-ya yen-chiu so, 1972, pp. 475–508.Google Scholar
Ch'üan, Han-sheng and Richard, A. Kraus. Mid-Ch'ing rice markets and trade: An essay in price history. Cambridge, Mass.: Council on East Asian Studies, 1975.
Ch'üan, Han-sheng.Ya-p'ien chan-cheng ch'ien Chiang-su ti mien-fang-chih-yeh.” In his Chung-kuo ching-chi shih lun ts'ung. 2 Vols. Hong Kong: Hsiang-kang Chung-wen ta-hsüeh hsin-ya shu-yüan hsin-yen yen-chiu-so, 1972, Vol. 2, pp. 625–49.Google Scholar
Chuang, Chi-fa, comp. and trans. Ch'ing-tai Chun-ko-erh shih-liao. Taipei: Wen-shih-che ch'u-pan-she, 1977.
Chuang, Chi-fa, ed. and annot. Hsieh-sui Chih-kung t'u Man-wen t'u-shuo hsiao-chu. Taipei: National Palace Museum, 1989.
Chuang, Chi-fa, ed. and trans. Sun Wen-ch'eng tsou-che. Taipei: Wen-shih-che ch'u-pan-she, 1978.
Chuang, Chi-fa. Ch'ing Kao-tsung shih-ch'üan wu-kung yen-chiu. Taipei: Kuo-li ku-kung po-wu-yüan, 1982.
Chuang, Chi-fa.Ch'ing-tai Min-Yüeh ti-ch'u ti she-hui ching-chi pien-i yü pi-mi hui-tang ti fa-chan.” In Ti erh chieh kuo-chi Han-hsüeh hui-i lun-wen chi: Ming, Ch'ing, yü chin-tai li tsu. Nankang: Academia Sinica, 1989, pp. 409–46.Google Scholar
Chuang, Chi-fa.Ch'ing-tai she-hui ching-chi fa-pien yü pi-mi she-tang ti fa-chan: T'ai-wan, Kuang-hsi, Yün-Kuei ti-ch'u ti pi-chiao yen-chiu.” In Chin-tai, shih yen-chiu suo, ed. Ch'ing-tai Chung-kuo ch'u-yü shih yen-t'ao-hui lun-wen chi. Nankang: Academia Sinica, 1986, pp. 335–86.Google Scholar
Chuang, Kuo-t'u. Chung-kuo feng-chien cheng-fu ti Hua-ch'iao cheng-tse. Hsia-men: Hsia-men University Press, 1989.
Chūgoku, suirishi kenkyūkai hen, comp. Satō Hakushi kanreki kinen: Chūgoku suirishi ronshū. Tokyo: Kokusho kankōkai, 1981.
Chung, Yung-ning.Shih-lun shih-pa shih-chi Hsiang mi lun-ch'u ti k'o-hsing-hsing wen-t'i.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 3 (1990), pp. 65–71.Google Scholar
Chung-kuo, jen-min ta-hsüeh Ch'ing shih yen-chiu so, comp. K'ang-Yung-Ch'ien shih-ch'i ch'eng-hsiang jen-min fan-k'ang tou-cheng tzu-liao. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1979.
Chung-kuo, jen-min yin-hang tsung-hang, ch'an-shih, shih chin jung shih-liao tsu, comp. Chung-kuo chin-tai huo-pi shih tzu-liao. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1964.
Chung-kuo, ti-i li-shih tang-an kuan, comp. Ch'ing-ch'u nei-kuo-shih-yüan Man-wen tang-an pien-i. 2 Vols. Peking: Kuang-ming jih-pao ch'u-pan-she, 1986.
Chung-kuo, ti-i li-shih tang-an kuan, comp. K'ang-hsi ch'i-chü chu. 3 Vols. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1984.
Chung-kuo, ti-i li-shih tang-an kuan and Chung-kuo, she-hui k'e-hsüeh-yüan li-shih yen-chiu-so, trans, and eds. Man-wen lao-tang. 2 vols. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1990.
Clunas, Craig. Superfluous things: Material culture and social status in early modern China. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1991.
Coase, Ronald H. The firm, the market, and the law. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.
Cole, James H. Shaohsing: Competition and cooperation in nineteenth-century China. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1986.
Cranmer-Byng, J. L., ed. An embassy to China: Journal kept by Lord Macartney during his embassy to the emperor Ch'ien-lung 1793–1794. London: Longmans Green, 1962.
Croizier, Ralph C. Koxinga and Chinese nationalism: History, myth, and the hero. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard East Asian Monographs, 1977.
Crossley, Pamela Kyle.Emperorship and identity in Qing and Nationalist thought.” ,Modern China Seminar, Columbia University. February 14, 1991, n.p.
Crossley, Pamela Kyle.An introduction to the Qing foundation myth.” Late Imperial China, 6, No. I (December 1985), pp. 3–24.Google Scholar
Crossley, Pamela Kyle. The Manchus. Oxford and Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, 1997.
Crossley, Pamela Kyle.Manchu Education.” Education and society in late imperial China, 1600–1900, ed. Elman, Benjamin A. and , Alexander Woodside. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994, pp. 340–78.Google Scholar
Crossley, Pamela Kyle.Manzhou yuanliu kao and the formalization of the Manchu heritage.” Journal of Asian Studies, 46, No. 4 (November 1987), pp. 761–90.Google Scholar
Crossley, Pamela Kyle. Orphan warriors: Three Manchu generations and the end of the Qing world. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990.
Crossley, Pamela Kyle.The Qianlong retrospect on the Chinese-martial (hanjun) Banners.Late Imperial China, 10, No. 1 (June 1989), pp. 63–107.Google Scholar
Crossley, Pamela Kyle.Structure and symbol in the role of the Ming-Ch'ing foreign translation bureaus (Siyiguan).Central and Inner Asian Studies, 5 (1991), pp. 38–70.Google Scholar
Crossley, Pamela Kyle.Thinking about ethnicity in early modern China.Late Imperial China, 11, No. 1 (June 1990), pp. 1–34.Google Scholar
Crossley, Pamela Kyle.The Tong in two worlds: Cultural identities in Liaodong and Nurgan during the 13th–17th centuries.Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 4, No. 9 (June 1983), pp. 21–46.Google Scholar
Crossley, Pamela Kyle. A translucent mirror: History and identity in Qing imperial ideology. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.
Cullen, C.How can we do the comparative history of mathematics.Philosophy and the History of Science, 4, No. 1 (1995), pp. 59–94.Google Scholar
Cullen, Christopher and Farrer, Anne. “On the term hsüan chi and the flanged trilobate discs.Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 46, No. 1 (1983), pp. 52–76.Google Scholar
Daniels, Christian.Agro-industries: sugarcane technology.” In Agro-industries and forestry. Part III of Biology and biological technology. Vol. 6 of Science and civilisation in China, ed. Needham., Joseph Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 1–539.Google Scholar
Dardess, John.The management of children and youth in upper-class households in late imperial China.Paper presented to the Pacific Coast Branch of the American Historical Association, Occidental College, Pasadena, Summer 1987.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. A Ming society: T'ai-ho county, Kiangsi, fourteenth to seventeenth centuries. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.
Davis, Fei-ling. Primitive revolutionaries of China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1977.
De Bary, Wm. Theodore., ed. The unfolding of neo-Confucianism. New York: Columbia University Press, 1975.
De Bary, Wm Theodore. Waiting for the dawn: A plan for the prince: Huang Tsung-hsi's Ming-i Tai-fang lu. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.
de Vries, Jan. European urbanization, 1500–1800. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1984.
DeFrancis, John. The Chinese language: Fact and fantasy. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1984.
Deng, Gang. Chinese maritime activities and socioeconomic development, c. 2100 b.c.–1900 a.d. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1997.
Deng, Gang. Development versus stagnation: Technological continuity and agricultural progress in premodern China. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1993.
Dennerline, Jerry. The Chia-ting loyalists: Confucian leadership and social change in seventeenth century China. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1981.
Dennerline, Jerry.Fiscal reform and local control: The gentry-bureaucratic alliance survives the conquest.” In Conflict and control in late imperial China, ed. Wakeman, Frederic Jr. and Grant., Caroline Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975, pp. 86–120.Google Scholar
,Department of History, Nanking University, ed. Chung-kuo tzu-pen-chu-i meng-ya wen-t'i lun-wen chi. Shanghai: Shang-hai jen-min, 1983.
Dermigny, Louis. La Chine et l'occident: Le commerce à Canton au XVIII siècle, 1719–1833. Paris: S.E.V.P.E.N., 1964.
Diamond, Norma.Defining the Miao: Ming, Qing, and contemporary views.” In Cultural encounters on China's ethnic frontiers, ed. Harrell., Stevan Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1995, pp. 92–116.Google Scholar
DiCosmo, Nicola.Qing colonial administration in Inner Asia.The International History Review, 20, No. 2 (June 1998), pp. 287–309.Google Scholar
Dietrich, Craig.Cotton culture and manufacture in early Ch'ing China.” In Economic organization in Chinese society, ed. Willmott., W. E. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1972, pp. 109–36.Google Scholar
Dikötter, Frank. The discourse of race in modern China. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992.
Ditmanson, Peter.Intellectual lineages and the early Ming court.Papers on Chinese History, 5 (1996), pp. 1–17.Google Scholar
Dohamide, and Dorohiem, . Dan toc Cham luoc su. Saigon: Hiep hoi Cham Hoi-giao Viet-Nam, 1965.
Doolittle, Justus. Social life of the Chinese. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1865.
Drake, Fred W.The Mukden palace and Nurhaci's tomb as symbolic architecture.Proceedings of the 35th International Altaistic Conference, September 12–17, 1992, Taipei, China, ed. Chieh-hsien., Ch'en Taipei, Center for Chinese Studies Materials, 1993, pp. 85–95.Google Scholar
Dunstan, Helen. Conflicting counsels to confuse the age: A documentary study of political economy in Qing China, 1644–1840. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan, 1996.
Durand, Pierre-Henri. Lettrés et pourvoirs: Un procès littéraire dans la Chine impériale. Paris: École des hautes Études en sciences sociales, 1992.
Ebrey, Patricia B.The early stages in the development of descent group organization.” In Kinship organization in late imperial China, 1000–1940. Ed. Ebrey, Patricia B. and Watson., James L. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986, pp. 16–61.Google Scholar
Ebrey, Patricia B. The inner quarters: Marriage and the lives of Chinese women in the Sung period. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
Ebrey, Patricia B.Women, marriage, and the family in Chinese history.” In Heritage of China: Contemporary perspectives on Chinese civilization, ed. Ropp., Paul S. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990, pp. 197–223.Google Scholar
Eggertsson, Thrain.A note on the economics of institutions.” In Empirical studies in institutional change, ed. Alston, Lee J., Eggertsson, Thrain, and North., Douglass C. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 6–24.Google Scholar
Elliott, Mark C.Bannerman and townsman: Ethnic tension in nineteenth-century Jiangnan.Late Imperial China, 11, No. 1 (June 1990), pp. 36–74.Google Scholar
Elliott, Mark C. The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and ethnic identity in late imperial China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2001.
Elliott, Mark C.Resident aliens: The Manchu experience in China, 1644–1760.” Diss., University of California at Berkeley, 1993.
Ellis, Henry. Journal of the proceedings of the late embassy to China. London: John Murray, 1818. 2 vols.
Elman, Benjamin A.Changes in Confucian civil service examinations from the Ming to the Ch'ing dynasty.Education and society in late imperial China, ed. Elman, Benjamin A. and Woodside., Alexander Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994, pp. 111–49.Google Scholar
Elman, Benjamin A.The changing role of historical knowledge in southern provincial civil examinations during the Ming and Ch'ing.Journal of Social Sciences and Philosophy, 5, No. 1 (November 1992), pp. 265–319.Google Scholar
Elman, Benjamin A.Ch'ing schools of scholarship.Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 4, No. 6 (December 1979), pp. 1–44.Google Scholar
Elman, Benjamin A. Classicism, politics, and kinship: The Ch'ang-chou school of New Text Confucianism in late imperial China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
Elman, Benjamin A.Criticism as philosophy: Conceptual change in Ch'ing dynasty evidential research.Tsing Hua Journal of Chinese Studies, N.S., 17 (1985), pp. 165–98.Google Scholar
Elman, Benjamin A. A cultural history of civil examinations in late imperial China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000.
Elman, Benjamin A. From philosophy to philology: Intellectual and social aspects of change in late imperial China. Cambridge, Mass.: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University Press, 1984.
Elman, Benjamin A.The Hsüeh-hai T'ang and the rise of New Text scholarship.Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 4, No. 2 (December 1979), pp. 51–82.Google Scholar
Elman, Benjamin A.Imperial politics and Confucian societies in late imperial China: The Hanlin and Donglin academies.Modern China, 15, No. 4 (1989), pp. 379–418.Google Scholar
Elman, Benjamin A.Philosophy (I-li) versus philology (K'ao-cheng): The Jen-hsin Tao-hsin debate.T'oung Pao, 59, Nos. 4–5 (1983), pp. 175–222.Google Scholar
Elman, Benjamin A.Social, political, and cultural reproduction via civil service examinations in late imperial China.Journal of Asian Studies, 51, No. 1 (February 1991), pp. 7–28.Google Scholar
Elman, Benjamin A.Where is King Ch'eng? Civil examinations and Confucian ideology during the early Ming, 1368–1415.T'oung Pao, 79 (1993), pp. 23–68.Google Scholar
Elman, Benjamin A. and Woodside, Alexander, eds. Education and society in late imperial China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994.
Elvin, Mark, Nishioka, Hiroaki, Tamura, Keiko, and Kwek, Joan. Japanese studies on the history of water control in China: A selected bibliography. Canberra: Australian National University; and Tokyo: Tōyō Bunko, 1994.
Elvin, Mark.Chinese cities since the Sung dynasty.” In Towns in societies: Essays in economic history and historical sociology, ed. Abrams, Philip and Wrigley., E. A. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978, pp. 79–89.Google Scholar
Elvin, Mark.Female virtue and the state in China.Past and Present, 104 (August 1984), pp. 111–52.Google Scholar
Elvin, Mark.Market towns and waterways: The county of Shanghai from 1480 to 1910.” In The city in late imperial China, ed. Skinner., G. William. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1977, pp. 441–74.Google Scholar
Elvin, Mark.The high-level equilibrium trap: The causes of the decline of invention in the traditional Chinese textile industries.” In Economic organization in Chinese society, ed. Willmott., W. E. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1972, pp. 137–72.Google Scholar
Elvin, Mark. The pattern of the Chinese past. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1973.
Elvin, Mark.Skills and resources in late traditional China.” In China's modern economy in historical perspective, ed. Perkins., Dwight Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1975, pp. 85–114.Google Scholar
Engelfriet, Peter M. Euclid in China: The genesis of the first Chinese translation of Euclid's elements, books I–VI (Jibe Yuanben, Beijing, 1607) and its reception up to 1723. Leiden: Brill, 1998.
Entenmann, Robert.Andreas Ly on the first Jinchuan war in western Sichuan (1747–1749).Sino-Western Cultural Relations Journal, XIX (1997), pp. 6–21.Google Scholar
Entenmann, Robert.Catholics and society in eighteenth-century Sichuan.” In Christianity in China: From the eighteenth century to the present, ed. Bays., Daniel Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1996, pp. 8–23.Google Scholar
Entenmann, Robert.Migration and Settlement in Sichuan, 1644–1796.” Diss., Harvard University, 1982.
Entenmann, Robert.Szechwan and Ch'ing migration policy.Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 4, No. 4 (December 1980), pp. 35–54.Google Scholar
Fairbank, John K., ed. Late Ch'ing, 1800–1911, Part 1. Vol. 10 of The Cambridge History of China, ed. Twitchett, Denis and Fairbank., John K. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978.
Fairbank, John K.Synarchy under the treaties.” In Chinese thought and institutions, ed. Fairbank., John K. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957, pp. 204–31.Google Scholar
Fairbank, John K. and Ssu-yü, Teng. “On the Ch'ing tributary system.Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 6 (1941), pp. 107–218.Google Scholar
Fan, Chin-min.Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i Chiang-nan chih-tsao ti chi-ke wen-t'i.Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 1 (1989), pp. 78–90.Google Scholar
Fan, I-chun.Long-distance trade and market integration in the Ming-Ch'ing period, 1400–1850.” Diss., Stanford University, 1992.
Fan, Shu-chih. Ming-Ch'ing Chiang-nan shih-chen t'an-wei. Shanghai: Fudan University Press, 1990.
Fang, Hsing, “Cheng-ch'üeh p'ing-chia Ch'ing-tai ti nung-yeh ching-chi.Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 3 (1997), pp. 141–50.Google Scholar
Fang, HsingLun Ch'ing-tai Chiang-nan nung-min ti hsiao-fei.Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 3 (1996), pp. 91–8.Google Scholar
Fang, HsingCh'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i nung-ts'un shih-ch'ang ti fa-chan.Li-shih yen-chiu, 6 (1987), pp. 78–93.Google Scholar
Fang, HsingChung-kuo feng-chien she-hui nung-min ti ching-ying tu-li-hsing.Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 1 (1995), pp. 8–21.Google Scholar
Fang, HsingLun Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i mien-fang-chih ti she-hui fen-kung.Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 1 (1987), pp. 79–94.Google Scholar
Fang, HsingLun Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i ti-chu chih ching-chi ti fa-chan.Chung-kuo shih yen-chiu, 2 (1983), pp. 88–98.Google Scholar
Fang, Pao Fang Pao chi, ed. chi-kao., Liu Shanghai: Ku-chi ch'upan-she, 1983.
Fang, Chao-ying.Hsüan-yeh.” In Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing period, ed. Hummel., Arthur W. 2 Vols. Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1943–1944, pp. 327–31.Google Scholar
Fang, Chao-ying.A technique for estimating the numerical strength of the early Manchu military forces.Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 13 (1950), pp. 192–215.Google Scholar
Farquhar, David M.The origins of the Manchus' Mongolian policy.The Chinese world order: Traditional China's foreign relations, ed. Fairbank., John King Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968, pp. 199–205, 328–37.Google Scholar
Farquhar, David M.Emperor as bodhisattva in the governance of the Ch'ing empire.Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 38, No. 1 (June 1978), pp. 5–34.Google Scholar
Farquhar, David M.Mongolian versus Chinese elements in the early Manchu state.Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 2, No. 6 (June 1971), pp. 11–23.Google Scholar
Faure, David.The lineage as a cultural invention: The case of the Pearl River delta.Modern China, 15, No. 1 (January 1989), pp. 4–36.Google Scholar
Faure, David.The lineage as business company: Patronage vs. law in the development of Chinese business.” In China's Market Economy in Transition, ed. Lee, Yung-san and Liu., Ts'ui-jung Nankang: Academia Sinica, 1990, pp. 105–34.Google Scholar
Fei, Hsiao-t'ung ed. Hsiao shih-chen, ta wen-t'i. Soochow: Chiangsu jen-min, 1984.
Fei, John C. H.The Chinese market system in a historical perspective.” In The second conference on modern Chinese economic history, ed. ,Institute of Economics, Sinica., Academia Taipei: Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, 1989, pp. 31–58; rpt. in China's market economy in transition, ed. Lee, Yung-san and Liu., Ts'ui-jung Taipei: Academia Sinica, 1990, pp. 9–36.Google Scholar
Feng, Tso-che. T'an-wu chih wang: Ho-shen mi-shih. Ch'ang-ch'un: Chi-lin wen-shih ch'u-pan she, 1989.
Feng, Erh-k'ang.Ch'ing-tai ti hun-yin chih-tu yü fu-nü ti she-hui ti-wei shu-lun.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi, ed. yen-chiu-so., Chung-kuo jen-min ta-hsüeh Ch'ing-shih 6 Vols. Peking: Kuangming jih-pao ch'u-pan-she, 1986, Vol. 5, pp. 305–43.Google Scholar
Feng, Erh-k'ang.Ch'ing-tai ya-tsu-chih yü tsu-tien kuan-hsi ti chü-pu pien-hua.” Nan-k'ai hsüeh-pao, 1 (1980), pp. 61–7.Google Scholar
Feng, Erh-k'ang.K'ang-hsi ch'ao ti ch'u-wei chih cheng ho Yin-chen ti sheng-li.” Ku-kung po-wu-yüan yüan-k'an, 3 (1980), pp. 12–24.Google Scholar
Feng, Erh-k'ang. Yung-cheng chuan. Peking: Jen min ch'u-pan-she, 1985; rpt. 1996.
Feuerwerker, Albert. State and society in eighteenth-century China: The Ch'ing empire in its glory. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan Press, 1976.
Finane, Antonia.Yangzhou: A central place in the Qing empire.” In Cities of Jiangnan in late imperial China, ed. Johnson., Linda Cooke Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993, pp. 117–50.Google Scholar
Fish, Michael.Bibliographical notes on the San Tzu Ching and related texts.” M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1968.
Fletcher, Joseph F.China and central Asia.” The Chinese world order: Traditional China's foreign relations, ed. Fairbank., John King Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968, pp. 206–24.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph Francis Jr.Ch'ing Inner Asia, c. 1800.” In Late Ch'ing, 1800–1911, Part 1, ed. Fairbank., John K. Vol. 10 of The Cambridge history of China, ed. Twitchett, Denis and Fairbank., John K. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978, pp. 35–106.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph Francis Jr.The Erdeni-yin erike as a source for the reconciliation of the Khalkha, 1681–1688.” Diss. Harvard University, 1965.
Fletcher, Joseph F.Turco–Mongolian monarchic tradition in the Ottoman empire.” Eucharisterion: Essays presented to Omeljan Pritsak. Harvard Ukrainian Studies 3/4, ed. Ševcenko, I. and Sysyn., F. E. Cambridge, Mass.: Ukrainian Research Institute Harvard University, 1979–1980, pp. 236–51; rpt. as ch. 7 in Studies in Chinese and Islamic Inner Asia, ed. Manz., Beatrice Forbes Brookfield, Vt.: Variorum, 1995.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph.China's northwest at the time of the Ming–Ch'ing transition.” Unpublished paper prepared for the conference “From Ming to Ch'ing.” Palm Springs, 1974.Google Scholar
Fong, Tobie Meyer.Site and sentiment: Building culture in seventeenth-century Yangzhou.” Diss., Stanford University, 1998.
Fox, R.Scientific enterprise and the patronage of research in France, 1800–1870.” Minerva, 11 (1973), pp. 442–73.Google Scholar
Franke, Herbert and Twitchett, Denis, eds. Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368. Vol. 6 of The Cambridge history of China, ed. Fairbank, John K. and Twitchett., Denis Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Franke, Wolfgang. The reform and abolition of the traditional Chinese examination system. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1960.
Freedman, Maurice.The Chinese domestic family: Models.” The study of Chinese society: Essays by Maurice Freedman, ed. Skinner., G. William Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1979, pp. 235–39.Google Scholar
Fu, Ch'en.Yung-cheng ssu-wang chih mi.” Wenwu, No. 5 (1985), pp. 178–80.Google Scholar
Fu, Chin-hsüeh.Ch'ing-tai ‘Ping-hsi t'u’.” Tzu-chin ch'eng, 3 (1980), pp. 36–8.Google Scholar
Fu, I-ling.Lun hsiang-tsu shih-li tui-yü Chung-kuo feng-chien ching-chi ti kan-she.” In his Ming-Ch'ing ching-chi shih lun-wen chi. Peking: Jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1982, pp. 78–102.Google Scholar
Fu, I-ling. Ming-Ch'ing shih-tai shang-jen chi shang-yeh tzu-pen. Peking: Jen-min, 1956.
Fu, I-ling.Ming-mo nan-fang ti ‘tien-pien’ ‘nü-pien’.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 5 (1975), pp. 61–7.Google Scholar
Fu, I-ling. Ming-tai Chiang-nan shih-min ching-chi shih-t'an. Shanghai: Shang-hai jen-min, 1963.
Fu, Yiling (I-ling, Fu). “Capitalism in Chinese agriculture: On the laws governing its development.” Modem China, 6, No. 3 (July 1980), pp. 311–16.Google Scholar
Fu, Lo-shu. A documentary chronicle of Sino-Western relations (1644–1820). 2 Vols. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1966.
Fuchs, Walter.Der Tod der Kaiserin Abahai i. J. 1626. Ein Beitrag zur Frage des Opfertodes bei den Mandju.” Monumenta Serica, 1, Fasc. 1 (1935), pp. 71–80.Google Scholar
Fuchs, Walter. Die Bilderalben für die Südreisen des Kaisers Kienlung im 18 Jahrhundert. Wiesbaden: F. Steiner, 1976.
Fuchs, Walter.Frühmandjurische Fürstengräber bei Liao-yang.” Asia Major, 10 (1934–35), pp. 94–122.Google Scholar
Fujii, Hiroshi.Shin'an shōnin no kenkyū.” Tōyō gakuhō 36, No. 1 (1953), pp. 1–44; No. 2, pp. 32–60; No. 3, pp. 65–118; and No. 4, pp. 115–45.Google Scholar
Fujita, Keiichi.Shinsho Santō ni okeru fueki sei ni tsuite.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 24, No. 2 (September 1965), pp. 1–25.Google Scholar
Fuma, Susumu. Chūgoku zenkai zentō shi kenkyū. Kyoto: Dohosha, 1997.
Fuma, Susumu.Shindai Shōkō ikueitō no keiei jittai to chiho shakai.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 45, No. 3 (December 1986), pp. 55–89.Google Scholar
Fuma, Susumu.Sōshi hihon no sekai.” In Mimmatsu Shinsho no shakai to bunka, ed. Kazuko., Ono Kyoto: Meibunsha Press, 1996, pp. 189–238.Google Scholar
Fuma, Susumu.Zentō, zenkai no shuppatsu.” In Min-Shin jidai no seiji to shakai, ed. Kazuko., Ono Kyoto: Jimbun kakagu kenkyūjo, 1983, pp. 189–232.Google Scholar
Furth, Charlotte.From birth to birth: The growing body in Chinese medicine.” In Chinese vieus of childhood, ed. Kinney., Anne Behnke Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1995, pp. 157–92.Google Scholar
Furth, Charlotte. A flourishing yin: Gender in China's medical history. 960–1665. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.
Furth, Charlotte.Rethinking van Gulik: Sexuality and reproduction in traditional Chinese medicine.” Engendering China: Women, culture, and the state, ed. Gilmartin, Christina K., Hershatter, Gail, Rofel, Lisa, and White., Tyrene Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1994, pp. 125–46.Google Scholar
Gardella, Robert. Harvesting mountains: Fujian and the China tea trade, 1757–1937. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994.
Gates, Hill. China's motor: a thousand years of petty capitalism. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1996.
Gaubil, Antoine. Correspondance de Pékin 1722–1759, ed. Simon., Renée Geneva: Librairie Droz, 1970.
Gaustad, Blaine C.Religious sectarianism and the state in mid-Qing China: Background to the White Lotus uprising of 1796–1804.” Diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1994.
Geremek, Bronislaw. Poverty: A history, trans. Kolakowska., Agnieszka Oxford: Blackwell, 1997.
Gibert, Lucien. Dictionnaire historique et géographique de la Mandchourie. Hongkong: Imprimérie de la Société des Missions-Étrangères, 1934.
Golas, Peter J.Early Ch'ing guilds.” In The city in late imperial China, ed. Skinner., G. Wm. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1977, pp. 555–80.Google Scholar
Goodrich, L. Carrington., and Fang, Chaoying, eds. Dictionary of Ming biography, 1368–1644. 2 Vols. New York: Columbia University Press, 1976.
Goodrich, Luther Carrington. The literary inquisition of Ch'ien-lung. Baltimore, Md.: Waverley Press, 1935.
Gotō, Sueo.Koki Tei to Rui jushisei.” Shigaku zasshi, 42, No. 3 (1931), pp. 329–57.Google Scholar
Graff, Harvey. The legacies of literacy: Continuities and contradictions in Western culture and society. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987.
Grafton, Anthony, and Jardine, Lisa. From humanism to the humanities: Education and the Liberal arts in fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Europe. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1986.
Gray, Jack.Historical writing in twentieth-century China: Notes on its background and development.” In Historians of China and Japan, ed. Beasley, W. G. and Pulleyblank., E. G. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961, pp. 186–212.Google Scholar
Grigg, David. Population growth and agrarian change’. An historical perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980.
Grimm, Tilemann. Erziehung und Politik im künfuzianischen China der Ming-Zeit. Hamburg: Gesellshaft fur Natur- und Volkerkunde Ostasiens e.V., 1960.
Grimm, Tilemann.Ming education intendants.” In Chinese government in Ming times: Seven studies, ed. Hucker., Charles New York: Columbia University Press, 1969, pp. 129–47.Google Scholar
Guy, R. Kent. The emperor's Four Treasuries: Scholars and the state in the late Ch'ien-lungera. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Council on East Asian Studies, 1987.
Guy, R. Kent.Fang Pao and the Ch'in-ting Ssu-shu wen.” In Education and society in late imperial China 1600–1900, ed. Elman, Benjamin A. and Woodside., Alexander Berkeley and London: University of California Press, 1994, pp. 150–82.Google Scholar
Hackmann, Robert.The politics of regional development: Water conservancy in central Kiangsu province, China, 1850–1911.” Diss., University of Michigan, 1979.
Halkovic, Stephen A. Jr. The Mongols of the West. Uralic and Altaic Series, 148. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1985.Google Scholar
Hamilton, Robyn.The pursuit of fame: Luo Qilan (1775–1813?) and the debates about women and talent in eighteenth-century Jiangnan.” Late Imperial China, 18, No. 1 (June 1997), pp. 39–71.Google Scholar
Han, Heng-yü.Shih-lun Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i tien-nung yung-tien ch'üan ti yu-lai chi ch'i hsing-chih.” Ch'ing-shih lun-ts'ung, 1 (1979), pp. 37–53.Google Scholar
Hanan, Patrick. The invention of Li Yü. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1988.
Handlin, Joanna. Action in late Ming thought: The reorientation of Lü K'un and other scholar-officials. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.
Handlin, Joanna.Lü K'un's new audience: The influence of women's literacy on sixteenth-century thought.” Women in Chinese society, ed. Wolf, Margery and Witke., Roxane Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1975.Google Scholar
Hansen, Valerie. Negotiating daily life in traditional China: how ordinary people used contracts, 600–1400. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1995.
Hansson, Anders. Chinese outcasts: Discrimination and emancipation in late imperial China. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1996.
Harrell, Stevan, ed. Chinese historical micro-demography. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.
Harrell, Stevan, ed. Cultural encounters on China's ethnic frontiers. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1995.
Hart, Roger.Proof, propaganda, and patronage: A cultural history of the dissemination of Western studies in seventeenth-century China.” Diss., University of California at Los Angeles, 1997.
Hashimoto, Keizō.Bai Buntei no rekisangaku.” Tōhōgakuhō, 41, (1970), pp. 491–518.Google Scholar
Hauer, Erich.Neue Nachrichten über die Vorfahren des Mandschuhauses.” Asia Major, 9 (1933), pp. 612–42.Google Scholar
Hawkes, David and Minford, John, trans. The story of the stone. 5 Vols. New York: Penguin Books, 1973–86.
Hayashi, Kazuo.Min-Shin jidai – kantō no ko to shi.” Shirin, 63, No. 1 (January 1980), pp. 69–105.Google Scholar
Hayashi, Tomoharu.Shinchō no shoin kyōiku.” Gakushūin daigaku bungakubu kenkyū nempō, 6 (1959), pp. 177–97.Google Scholar
Hearn, Maxwell.The Kangxi southern inspection tours: A narrative program by Wang Hui.” Diss., Princeton University, 1990.
Heijdra, Martin.The socioeconomic development of rural China during the Ming.” In The Ming dynasty, part 2. Vol. 8 of The Cambridge history of China, ed. Twitchett, Denis and Mote., Frederick W. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, pp. 417–578.Google Scholar
Henderson, John.Ch'ing scholars’ views of Western astronomy.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 46, No. 1 (1986), pp. 121–48.Google Scholar
Henderson, John. The development and decline of Chinese cosmology. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984.
Henderson, John. Scripture, canon, and commentary: A comparison of Confucian and Western exegesis. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991.
Herman, John.Empire in the southwest: Early Qing reforms to the native chieftain system.” Journal of Asian Studies, 56, No. 1 (February 1997), pp. 47–74.Google Scholar
Herman, John.National integration and regional hegemony: The political and cultural dynamics of Qing state expansion, 1650–1750.” Diss., University of Washington, 1993.
Hershatter, Gail. Dangerous pleasures: prostitution and modernity in twentieth-century Shanghai. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Hevia, James L. Cherishing men from afar: Qing guest ritual and the Macartney embassy of 1793. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1995.
Hicks, John. A theory of economic history. London: Oxford University Press, 1969.
Hinsch, Bret. Passions of the cut sleeve: the male homosexual tradition in China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
Ho, Ch'ang-ling comp. Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien. 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1972.
Ho, Ping-ti Chung-kuo hui-kuan shih lun. Taipei: Hsüeh-sheng shu-chü, 1966.
Ho, Ping-ti “The geographic distribution of Hui-kuan (Landsmannschaften) in central and upper Yangtze provinces.” Tsinghua Journal of Chinese Studies, New Series, 5, No. 2 (December 1966), pp. 120–52.Google Scholar
Ho, Ping-ti, “In defense of sinicization: A rebuttal of Evelyn Rawski's ‘Reenvisioning the Qing.’” Journal of Asian Studies, 57, No. I (February 1998), pp. 123–55.Google Scholar
Ho, Ping-ti, “The introduction of American food plants to China.” American Anthropologist, 57, No. 2 (1955), pp. 191–201.Google Scholar
Ho, Ping-ti, The ladder of success in imperial China; aspects of social mobility, 1368–1911. New York: Columbia University Press, 1962.
Ho, Ping-ti, “The salt merchants of Yang-chou: a study of commercial capitalism in eighteenth-century China.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 17, Nos. 1–2 (June 1954), pp. 130–68.Google Scholar
Ho, Ping-ti, “The significance of the Ch'ing period in Chinese history.” Journal of Asian Studies, 26, No. 2 (February 1967), pp. 189–95.Google Scholar
Ho, Ping-ti, Studies on the population of China, 1368–1953. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1959.
Ho, Yü-yi, The ministry of rites and suburban sacrifices in early Ming. Taipei: Shuang-yeh shu-tien, 1980.
Honig, Emily. Creating Chinese ethnicity: Suhei people in Shanghai, 1850–1980. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1992.
Horng, Wann-sheng.Chinese mathematics at the turn of the 19th century.” In Philosophy and conceptual history of science in Taiwan, ed. Cheng-hung, Lin and Daiwie., Fu Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1993, pp. 167–208.Google Scholar
Hoshi, Ayao. Min-Shin jidai kōtsō shi no kenkyū Tokyo: Yamagawa shuppankai, 1971.
Hoshi, Ayao.Shindai no suishu ni tsuiteTōhōgaku, 12 (June 1956), pp. 89–99.Google Scholar
Hou, Chi-ming and , Kuo-chi Li.Local government finance in the late Ch'ing.” In Modern Chinese economic history, ed. Hou, Chi-ming and Yu., Tzong-hsian Taipei: Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, 1979, pp. 513–42.Google Scholar
Hsi, Angela N. S.Wu San-kuei in 1644: A reappraisal.” Journal of Asian Studies, 34, No. 2 (February 1975), pp. 443–53.Google Scholar
Hsi, Tsang yen-chiu pien-chi pu Hsi Tsang chih, Wei Tsang t'ung-chih ho k'an. Lhasa: Hsi Tsang jen-min, 1981.
Hsiao, I-shan. Ch'ing-tai t'ung-shih. 2 Vols. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1928–1931.
Hsiao, KuChin nien lai kuan yü Yung-cheng kai t'u kui liu ti yen-chiu.” Ch'ing shih yen-chiu t'iu t'ung, hsün, No. 2 (1982), pp. 18–20.Google Scholar
Hsiao, Kung-Chuan. Rural China; Imperial control in the nineteenth century. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1960.
Hsiao-hsiao-sheng, The gathering. Vol. I. of The plum in the golden vase, or, Chin p'ing mei, trans. Roy., David Tod Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1993.
Hsieh, Chih-ning.P'ing-Hsi-Wang Wu San-kuei fan-hsia shih-ying ssu-chenpien-ch'ien k'ao.” Li-shih tang-an, I (1992), pp. 133–34.Google Scholar
Hsieh, Kuo-chen. Ming-Ch'ing chih chi tang-she yün-tung k'ao. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1934.
Hsieh, Kuo-chen.Ts'ung Ch'ing Wu-ying-tien-pan t'an-tao Yang-chou shih-chü ti k'o-shu.” Ku-kung po-wu-yüan-k'an, I (1981), pp. 15–18.Google Scholar
Hsieh, Kuo-chen.Removal of coastal population in early Tsing period,” trans. Chen., T. H. Chinese Social and Political Science Review, 15 (1931), pp. 559–96.Google Scholar
Hsiung, Ping-chen.Hao ti k'ai-shih: Chin-shih shih-jen tzu-ti ti yu-nien chiao-yü.” In Family process and political process in modern Chinese history, ed. Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica. 2 Vols. Taipei: Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica, 1992, Vol. I, pp. 201–38.Google Scholar
Hsiung, Ping-chen. Yu-yu: Ch'uan-t'ung Chung-kuo ti ch'iang-pao chih tao. Taipei: Lien-ching, 1995.
Hsü, Chien-ch'ing.Ch'ing-tai K'ang-Ch'ien shih-ch'i Chiang-su sheng ti chüan-mien.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 4 (1990), pp. 85–96.Google Scholar
Hsü, Hua-an.Shih-hsi Ch'ing-tai Chiang-hsi tsung-tsu ti chieh-kou yü kungneng t'e-tien.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi yen-chiu I (1993), pp. 47–55.Google Scholar
Hsü, K'o. Ch'ing-pai lei-ch'ao. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1920.
Hsü, Shu-ming.Shih-liu chih shih-ch'i shih-chi sha-huang cheng-fu ti ch'in Hua huo-tung.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu-chi, I (1980), pp. 243–68.Google Scholar
Hsü, Ta-ling. Ch'ing-tai chüan-na chih-tu. Peking: Harvard Yenching Institute, 1950; rpt. Hong Kong: Lung-men shu-tien, 1968.
Hsü, T'an and Ching, Chün-chien.Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i shang-shui wen-t'i hsin-t'an.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 2 (1990), pp. 87–100.Google Scholar
Hsü, T'an and Ching, Chün-chien.Ming-Ch'ing shih-ch'i Shan-tung sheng-ch'an tzu-liao shih-ch'ang ch'u-t'an.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 4 (1988), pp. 44–58.Google Scholar
Hsü, T'an.Ch'ing-tai Shan-tung ti chia-t'ing kuei-mo yü chieh-kou.” Ch'ing shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 4 (1987), pp. 7–13.Google Scholar
Hsü, T'an.Ming-Ch'ing shih-ch'i nung-ts'un chi-shih ti fa-chan.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 2 (1997), pp. 21–41.Google Scholar
Hsü, Ti-hsin and Ch'eng-ming, Wu, eds. Chung-kuo tzu-pen chu-i ti meng ya. Peking: Jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1985, Vol. I.
Hsü, Tzu. Hsiao-t'ien chi-nien. Preface, 1861; rpt. T'ai-wan wen-hsien ts'ung-kan, 134. Taipei: T'ai-wan yin-hang, 1962.Google Scholar
Hu, Chao-hsi Chang Hsien-chung t'u Shu k'ao-pien. Chengtu: Szechwan Jen-min, 1980.
Hu, Hsien-chin The common descent group in China and its functions. New York: The Viking Fund, 1948.
Hu, Wen-k'ai comp. Li-tai fu-nü chu-tso k'ao. Shanghai: Ku-chi ch'u-pan-she, 1985.
Huang, Chang-chien.Man-chou kuo kuo hao k'ao,” Chung-yang yen-chiu-yüan li-shih yü-yen yen-chiu so chi k'an, 27, No. 2 (1967), pp. 459–73.Google Scholar
Huang, Chih-chün, comp. Chiang-nan t'ung-chih. N.p.: n.p. 1736, ch. 200.
Huang Ch'ing k'ai kuo fang lüeh. c. 1786. Translated as Huang-Ts'ing k'ai-kuo fang-lüeh. Die Gründung des Mandschurischen Kaiserreiches, trans. Hauer., Erich Berlin: Walter de Bruyter, 1926.Google Scholar
Huang, Ch'ung-lan, comp. Kuo-ch'ao kung-chü k'ao-lueh. 1834 ed.
Huang, I-nung (Huang, Yilong). “Ch'ing-ch'u t'ien-chu-chiao yü hui-chiao t'ien-wen-chia ti cheng-tou.” Chiu-chou hsüeh-k'an, 5, No. 3 (1993), pp. 47–69.Google Scholar
Huang, Liu-hung. Fu-hui ch'üan-shu. 1694. Translated as A complete book concerning happiness and benevolence: A manual for local magistrates in seventeenth-century China, trans. Djang, Chu. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1984.Google Scholar
Huang, Mien-t'ang.Ch'ing-tai ‘ku-kung Jen’ wen-t'i k'ao-shih.” She-hui k'o-hsüeh chan-hsien, I (1988), pp. 136–43.Google Scholar
Huang, Shih-ch'ing.Ch'ing-tai ti yin-chien chih-tu.” Li-shih tang-an, I (1988), pp. 79–86.Google Scholar
Huang, Tsung-hsi. Huang Li-chou wen-chi. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1959.
Huang, Ai-p'ing. Ssu-k'u ch'üan-shu tsuan-hsiu yen-chiu. Peking: Jen-min ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1989.
Huang, Chin-shing. Philosophy, philology, and politics in eighteenth-century China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Huang, Ch'ing-lien.The Li-chia system in Ming times and its operation in Ying t'ien prefecture.” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, 54 (1983), pp. 103–55.Google Scholar
Huang, Pei. Autocracy at work, A study of the Yung-cheng period, 1723–1735. Bloomington and London: Indiana University Press, 1974.
Huang, Philip C. C. Civil justice in China: Representation and practice in the Qing, Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1996.
Huang, Philip C. C. The peasant economy and social change in north China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1985.
Huang, Philip C. C. The peasant family and rural development in the Yangzi delta. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1990.
Huang, Ray. Taxation and governmental finance in sixteenth-century Ming China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974.
Hucker, Charles.The Tung-lin movement of the late Ming period.” In Chinese Thought and Institutions, ed. Fairbank., John Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957, pp. 132–62.Google Scholar
Hufton, Olwen H. Women and the limits of citizenship in the French revolution: The Donald G. Creighton lectures, 1989. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1992.
Hummel, Arthur W. Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing period. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1943–44; rpt. Taipei: Ch'eng-wen ch'u-pan-she, 1972.
Humphrey, Caroline.Shamanic practices and the state in northern Asia: Views from the center and periphery.” In Shamanism, history and the state, ed. Thomas, Nicholas and Humphrey., Caroline Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996, pp. 191–229.Google Scholar
Hung, Liang-chi. Chüan-shih ko wen, chia-chi pu-i. N.pl.: n.p. 1879 ed.
Hung, Liang-chi.Hsing-chih.” In his Chüan-shih ko wen, chia-chi. N.d.; rpt. in Hung Pei-chiang hsien-sheng i-chi, ed. Yung ch'in, Hung. t'ang, Shou-ching edition, 1879, Vol. I, ch. I, pp. 24–25b. Rpt., 18 Vols. Taipei: Hua-wen shu-chü, 1969, Vol. I, pp. 208–10.Google Scholar
Hunt, Lynn.Introduction.” Eroticism and the body politic, ed. Hunt., Lynn Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991, pp. 1–13.Google Scholar
Huters, Theodore.From writting to literature: The development of late Qing theories of prose.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 47, No. I (June 1987), pp. 51–96.Google Scholar
Hyer, Paul, and Sechin, Jagchid. Mongolia's culture and society. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1979.
Hyland, Alice R. M. Deities, emperors, ladies and literati: Figure painting of the Ming and Ch'ing dynasties. Birmingham, Ala.: Birmingham Museum of Art, 1987.
Hymes, Robert, Statesmen and gentlemen: The elite of Fu-chou, Chiang-hsi, in northern and southern Sung. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
Iemura, Shiseo.Shindai shasō seido kenkyū josetsu.” Mindaishi kenkyū, 11 (1983), pp. 7–23.Google Scholar
Im, Kaye Soon.The rise and decline of the Eight-Banner garrisons in the Ch'ing period (1644–1911): A study of the Kuang-chou, Hang-chou, and Ching-chou garrisons.” Diss., University of Illinois, 1981.
Imahori, Seiji.Jyaaniiman girudo.” In his Tōӯō shakai keizai ski josetsu. Kyoto: Yanagihara shoten, 1963, pp. 122–90.Google Scholar
Imahori, Seiji.Shindai ni okeru goka no kindaika no hasu.” Tōӯōshi kenkyū, 17, No. I (1956), pp. 1–49.Google Scholar
Inada, Seiichi.Seibei tōun ko.” Tōhōgaku, 71 (January 1986), pp. 90–105.Google Scholar
Ishibashi, Takao.Ch'ing ch'u pa-ya-la ti hsing-ch'eng kuo-ch'eng – i t'ien ming shih-ch'i wei chung-hsin,” trans. Hsiung., Wang In Man-tsu yen-chiu ts'an k'ao tzu liao, No. I. Shen-yang: Liao-ning sheng min-tsu yen-chiu-so, 1988, pp. 1–23.Google Scholar
Jami, Catherine.Learning mathematical sciences during the early and mid-ch'ing.” In Education and society in late imperial China, 1600–1900, ed. Benjamin, A. Elman and Alexander, Woodside. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994, pp. 223–56.Google Scholar
Jaschok, Maria. Concuhines and bondservants; The social history of a Chinese custom. London: Zed Books, 1988.
Jing, Junjian (See also Chün-chien, Ching). “Hierarchy in the Qing dynasty.” Social Sciences in China, I (1982), pp. 156–92.Google Scholar
Jing, Junjian.Legislation related to the civil economy in the Qing dynasty.” In Civil law in Qing and Republican China, ed. Kathryn, Bernhardt and Philip, C. C. Huang.. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1994, pp. 42–84.Google Scholar
Jing, Su, and Luo, Lun. Landlord and labor in late imperial China; case studies from Shandong, trans. Wilkinson., Endymion Cambridge, Mass.: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1978.
Johnson, David, Andrew, J. Nathan, and Evelyn, S. Rawski, eds. Popular culture in late imperial China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.
Johnson, David.Communication, class, and consciousness in late imperial China.” In Popular culture in late imperial China, ed. Nathan, David Johnson Andrew, and Rawski., Evelyn Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985, pp. 34–72.Google Scholar
Johnson, David.Local officials and ‘Confucian’ values in the great temple festivals (sai) of southeastern Shansi in late imperial times.” Paper presented to the Conference on State and Ritual in East Asia, Paris, June–July 1995.Google Scholar
Johnson, Francis.Gresham college: Precursor of the royal society.” In Roots of scien tific thought: A cultural perspective, ed. Wiener, Philip and Noland., Aaron New York: Basic Books, 1958, pp. 328–53.Google Scholar
Johnson, Linda Cooke.Shanghai: An emerging Jiangnan port, 1683–1840.” In Cities of Jiangnan in late imperial China, ed. Cooke Johnson., Linda New York: State University of New York Press, 1993, pp. 151–81.Google Scholar
Johnson, Linda Cooke. Shanghai: From market town to treaty port, 1074–1858. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.
Jones, Susan Mann (See also Mann, Susan). “Finance in Ningpo: The Ch'ien-chuang, 1750–1880.” In Economic organization in Chinese society, ed. Willmott., W. E. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1972, pp. 47–77.Google Scholar
Jones, Susan Mann.Hung Liang-chi (1746–1809): The perception and articulation of political problems in late eighteenth-century China.” Diss., Stanford University, 1972.
Jones, Susan Mann, and Kuhn, Philip A.. “Dynastic decline and the roots of rebellion.” In Late Ch'ing, 1800–1911, Part I. Vol. 10 of The Cambridge history of China, ed. Twitchett, Denis and Fairbank., John K. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978, pp. 107–62.Google Scholar
Juan, Yüan. Yen-ching-shih chi. 3 Vols. Taipei: Shih-chieh shu-chü, 1964.
Jung, Chao-tsu.Hsüeh-hai T'ang k'ao.” Ling-nan hsüeh-pao, 3, No. 4 (June 1934), pp. 1–147.Google Scholar
Kahn, Harold L. Monarchy in the emperor's eyes: Image and reality in the Ch'ien-lung reign. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971.
Kamo, Naoki. Shinchō no seido to bungaku. Tokyo: Misuzu shobō, 1984.
Kan, Hsüeh-p'ing and Ting-wei, Hsiao.Ch'ing-tai I-lan ti p'i-ch'uan hsing-chu ch'i-yüeh: chiao-i ch'eng-pen ti fen-hsi.” Nung-yeh ching-chi pan-nien k'an, 59 (June 1996), pp. 111–57.Google Scholar
Kanda, Nobuo, Jun, Matsumura, and Hidehiro, Okada, trans. Chiu Man-chou tang. T'ien-ts'ung chiu nien. 2 Vols. Tokyo, Tōyō Bunko, 1972.
Kanda, Nobuo. Heiseiō Go Sankei no kenkyū. Tokyo: Meiji Daikaku Bungaku bu kenkyu hokoku-toyoshi, 1952.
Kanda, Nobuo.A study of ‘Aisin Gioro.’Contacts between cultures. Selected papers from the 33rd International congress of Asian and north African studies, Toronto, August 15–25, 1990, ed. Hung-Kay Luk., Bernard 4 Vols. Lewiston: E. Mellen Press, 1992, Vol. 4, pp. 46–49.Google Scholar
Kao, Chen-t'ien.K'ang-hsi yü Hsi-yang ch'uan-chiao-shih.” Li-shih tang-an, 1 (1986), pp. 87–91.Google Scholar
Kao, Chin et al., comps. Nan-hsün sheng-tien. Peking: n.p., 1771; rpt. Shanghai: Tien-shih Studio, 1882.
Kao, Hsiang. Ch'ien-lung hsia Chiang-nan. Peking: Chung-kuo jen-min ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1989.
Kao, Hsiang. K'ang-Yung-Ch'ien san-ti t'ung-chih ssu-hsiang yen-chiu. Peking: Chung-kuo jen-min ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1995.
Kao, Shih-ch'i. P'eng-shan mi-chi. c. 1703; rpt. in Ku-hsüeh hui-k'an, ed. Shih., Teng First series, 12. Shanghai: Kuo-sui hsüeh-pao she, 1912.Google Scholar
Kao, Wang-ling.Ch'ien-Chia shih-ch'i Ssu-ch'uan ti ch'ang-shih, ch'ang-shih kang, chi ch'i kung-neng.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi, 4 (1984), pp. 74–92.Google Scholar
Kao, Wang-ling.Kuan-yü K'ang-Ch'ien sheng-shih ti chi-ko wen-t'i.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 4 (1990), pp. 21–26.Google Scholar
Kao, Wang-ling. Shih-pa shih-chi Chung-kuo jen-k'ou ti tseng-ch'ang ho Ch'ing cheng-fu ti nung-yeh ching-chi tui-ts'e. Peking: Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, 1982.
Kao, Wang-ling. Shih-pa shih-chi Chung-kuo ti ching-chi fa-chan ho cheng-fu cheng-ts'e. Peking: Chinese Social Sciences Press, 1995.
Katō, Naoto.Shindai kijūchū no kenkyū.” Tōhōgaku, 57 (January 1979), pp. 62–83.Google Scholar
Katz, Paul R. Demon hordes and burning boats: The cult of Marshall Wen in late imperial China. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995.
Kawachi, Yoshihiro. Mindai joshinshi no kenkyū. Oriental Research Series 46. Kyoto: Dōhōsha shuppan, 1996.
Kawachi, Yoshihiro.Ming dynasty sable trade in northeast Asia.” Proceedings of the 35th Permanent International Altaistic Conference, September 12–17, 1992, Taipei, China, ed. Chieh-hsien., Ch'en Taipei: Center for Chinese Studies Materials, 1993, pp. 193–97.Google Scholar
Kawakatsu, Mamoru.Chūgoku kindai toshi no shakai kōzō: Minmatsu Shinsho Konan toshi ni tsuite.” Shichō, New Series, 6 (1979), esp. pp. 65–90.Google Scholar
Kawakatsu, Mamoru. Min-Shin Kōnan nōgyō keizaishi kenkyū. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppansha, 1992.
Kawata, Tei'ichi.Shindai gakujutsu no issokumin: Shu Un, Shō Shinkan, Kō Ryō kichi, soshite Shō Gakusei.” Tōhōgaku, 57 (1979), pp. 84–105.Google Scholar
Keenan, Barry. Imperial China's last classical academies: Social change in the lower Yangzi, 1864–1911. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 1994.
Kelley, David E.Temples and tribute fleets: The Luo sect and boatmen's associations in the eighteenth century.” Modern China, 8, No. 3 (July 1982). pp. 361–91.Google Scholar
Keohane, Nannerl U. Philosophy and the state in France: The Renaissance to the Enlightenment. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1980.
Kessler, Lawrence D.Ethnic composition of provincial leadership during the Ch'ing dynasty.” Journal of Asian Studies, 28 (1969), pp. 489–511.Google Scholar
Kessler, Lawrence D. K'ang-hsi and the consolidation of Ch'ing rule. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976.
King, J. R. P.The Korean Elements in the Manchu Script Reform of 1632.” Central Asiatic Journal, 31, Nos. 3–4, (1987), pp. 252–86.Google Scholar
King, Robert.Emperor Yung-cheng's usurpation.” Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 3, No. 9 (1978), pp. 112–22.Google Scholar
Kishimoto, Mio. Shindai Chūgoku no bukka to keizai hendō. Tokyo: Kenbun shuppan, 1997.
Kishimoto-Nakayama, Mio.The Kangxi depression and early Qing local markets.” Modern China, 10, No. 2 (April 1984), pp. 227–56.Google Scholar
Kitamura, Hironao.Shindai no shōpin shichō ni tsuite.” Keizaigaku zasshi, 28, No. 3 (1952), pp. 1–19.Google Scholar
Kitamura, Hironao.Shindai ni okeru sozei keikaku (chitei heichō).” Shakai keizai shigaku, 15, No. 3/4 (1949), pp. 1–38.Google Scholar
Kitamura, Hironao. Shindai shakai keizai kenkyū. Kyoto: Hōyū shoten, 1971.
Ko, Chien-hsiung. Chung-kuo jen-k'ou fa-chan shih. Fu-chou: Fu-chien jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1991.
Ko, Dorothy. Teachers of the inner chambers: Women and culture in seventeenth-century China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1994.
Kondo, Mitsuo. Shinshi sen. Tokyo: Shū eisha, 1967.
Kōsaka, Masanori.Shindai chūki no Kōshu to shōhin ryūtsū: kita shinkei o chūshin to shite.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 50, No. 1 (June 1991), pp. 34–57.Google Scholar
Ku-kung, po-wu-yüan, comp. Ch'ing San-fan shih-liao. In Wen-hsien ts'ung-pien. N.d.; rpt. Taipei: Kuo-feng ch'u-pan she, 1964, pp. 1121–1420.Google Scholar
Ku-kung, po-wu-yüan, comp. Ku-kung wen-hsien. Taipei: Kuo-li ku-kung po-wu-yüan, 1969–1973.
Ku-kung, po-wu-yüan, comp. Kuan-yü Chiang-ning chih-tsao Ts'ao-chia tang-an shih-liao. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1975.
Ku-kung, po-wu-yüan, comp. Kung-chung tang K'ang-hsi-ch'ao tsou-che. 7 Vols. Taipei: Kuo-li ku-kung po-wu-yüan, 1976.
Ku-kung, po-wu-yüan, comp. Li Hsü tsou-che. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1976.
Ku-kung, po-wu-yüan, comp. Shih-liao hsün-k'an. 40 Vols., Peking: 1930–1931; rpt. Taipei: Kuo-fang ch'u-pan she, 1963.
Ku-kung, po-wu-yüan, comp. Wen-hsien ts'ung-pien. Peking, 1930; rpt. 2 Vols. Taipei: Kuo-feng ch'u-pan she, 1964.
Ku-kung, po-wu-yüan.Nien Keng-yao Man-wen tsou-che ch'i-chien.” Ku-kung wen hsien, 5, No. 1 (1973), pp. 77–92.Google Scholar
Kuan, Hsiao-lien and Liu-sheng, Ch'ü, eds. K'ang-hsi ch'ao Man-wen Chu-p'i tsou-che ch'üan-i. Peking: Chung-kuo she-hui k'e-hsüeh ch'u-pan she, 1996.
Kuang-tung, she-hui, yüan, k'o-hsüeh, eds. Ming-Ch'ing Fo-shan pei-k'o wen-hsien ching-chi tzu-liao. Canton: Kuang-tung jen-min, 1987.
Kuhn, Philip A.Chinese views of social classification.” In Class and social stratification in post-revolution China, ed. Watson., James L. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984, pp. 16–28.Google Scholar
Kuhn, Philip A.Local taxation and finance in Republican China.” Political leadership and social change at the local level in China from 1850 to the present. Select papers from the Center for Far Eastern Studies, The University of Chicago, No. 3, ed. Jones., Susan Mann Chicago: Center for Far Eastern Studies, University of Chicago, 1978–79, pp. 100–136.Google Scholar
Kuhn, Philip A. Soulstealers: The Chinese sorcery scare of 1768. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1990.
Kung, Sheng-sheng. Ch'ing-tai liang-hu nung-yeh ti-li. Wuhan: Hua-chung shih-fan ch'u-pan-she, 1996.
Kung, Yin. Chung-kuo t'u-ssu chih-tu. Kunming: Yün-nan min-tsu ch'u-pan-she, 1992.
Kuo, Ch'eng-k'ang et al. Ch'ien-lung huang-ti ch'üan chuan. Peking: Hsüeh-yüan, 1994.
Kuo, Ch'eng-k'ang.18 shih-chi hou-ch'i Chung-kuo t'an-wu wen-t'i yen-chiu 18.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu, 1 (1995), pp. 13–26.Google Scholar
Kuo, Shao-yü, comp. Ch'ing shih-hua. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1963.
Kuo, Shao-yü. Ch'ing shih-hua hsü-pien. Shanghai: Ku-chi ch'u-pan-she, 1983.
Kuo, Sung-i.Ch'ing ch'u feng-chien kuo-chia k'en-huang cheng-ts'e fen hsi.”. Ch'ing-shih lun-ts'ung, 2 (1980), pp. 111–38.Google Scholar
Kuo, Sung-i.Ch'ing-tai pei-fang kan-tso-ch'u ti liang-shih sheng-ch'an.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 1 (1995), pp. 22–44.Google Scholar
Kuo, Sung-i.Ch'ing tsung-shih ti teng-chi chieh-kou chi ching-chi ti-wei.” In Ch'ing-tai huang-tsu jen-k'ou hsing-wei ho she-hui huan-ching, comp. Chung-ch'ing, Li and Sung-i., Kuo Peking: Pei-ching ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1994, pp. 116–33.Google Scholar
Kuo, Sung-i.K'ang-hsi ch'ao kuan-yüan ti chuan-chu huo-tung.” Li-shih tang-an, 1 (1989), pp. 84–89.Google Scholar
Kuo, Sung-i.Lun T'an-ting ju-ti.” In Ch'ing-shih lun-ts'ung, 3 (1982), pp. 1–62.Google Scholar
Kuo, Yün-ching. Ch'ing-tai shang-yeh shih. Shenyang: Liao-ning jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1994.
Kuroda, Akinobu.Ken-ryū no senki.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 45, No. 4 (March 1987), pp. 58–89.Google Scholar
Kuroda, Akinobu.Shindai bichiku ko.” Shirin, 71, No. 6 (1988), pp. 1–28.Google Scholar
Kusano, Yasushi.Kyū Chūgoku no tazura kankō: tazura no tenchō to denko no kosakuken.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 34, No. 2 (September 1975), pp. 50–76.Google Scholar
Kutcher, Norman A.The fifth relationship: Dangerous friendships in the Confucian context.” American Historical Review, 105, No. 5 (December 2000), pp. 1615–29.Google Scholar
Kutcher, Norman A. Mourning in late imperial culture: Filial piety and the state. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Lai, Hui-min.Ch'ing-tai huang-tsu ti feng-chüeh yü jen kuan yen-chiu.” In Ch'ing-tai huang-tsu jen-k'ou hsing-wei ho she-hui huan-ching, ed. Chung-ch'ing, Li (James Lee) and Sung-i., Kuo Peking: Pei-ching ta-hsüeh, 1994, pp. 134–52.Google Scholar
Lai, Hui-min. T'ien-huang kuei-chou: Ch'ing huang-tsu ti chieh-tseng chieh-kou yü ching-chi sheng-huo. Chung-yang yen-chiu-yüan chin-tai-shih yen-chiu-so chuan k'an, 81. Taipei: Chung-yang yen-chiu yüan, Chin-tai shih yen-chiu so, 1997.Google Scholar
Lam, Truong Buu.Intervention versus tribute in Sino-Vietnamese relations, 1788–1790.” In The Chinese world order: Traditional China's foreign relations, ed. Fairbank., John K. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968, pp. 165–79.Google Scholar
Lamley, Harry J.Lineage and surname feuds in southern Fukien and eastern Kwangtung under the Ch'ing.” In Orthodoxy in late imperial China, ed. Liu., Kwang-ching Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990, pp. 255–80.Google Scholar
Lamley, Harry J.Sub-ethnic rivalries in the Ch'ing period.” In The anthropology of Taiwan society, ed. Ahern, Emily and Gates., Hill Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1981, pp. 282–318.Google Scholar
Lattimore, Owen. The Mongols of Manchuria. Their tribal division, geographical distribution, historical relations with Manchus and Chinese and present political problems. New York: John Day Co., 1969.
Lavely, William, and Wong, R. Bin. “Revising the Malthusian narrative: The comparative study of population dynamics in late imperial China.” Journal of Asian Studies, 57, No. 3 (August 1998), pp. 714–48.Google Scholar
Leach, Edmund.The frontiers of ‘Burma.’Comparative Studies in Society and History, 3 (1960), pp. 49–67.Google Scholar
Ledehun, Han T'an et al., comp. P'ing-ting san-ni fang-lüeh. 1682–1686; rpt. Peking: Ssu-k'u ch'üan-shu chen-pen, 1935.
Ledyard, John O.Market failure.” In The new palgrave: Allocation, information, and markets, ed. Eatwell, John, Milgate, Murray, and Newman., Peter New York: Norton, 1987, pp. 185–90.Google Scholar
Lee, Bernice J.Female infanticide in China.” Women in China: Current directions in historical scholarship, ed. Guisso, Richard W. and Johannesen., Stanley Youngstown, N.Y.: Philo Press, 1981, pp. 163–78.Google Scholar
Lee, James (See also Chung-ch'ing, Li). “Food supply and population growth in south-west China, 1250–1850.” Journal of Asian Studies, 41, No. 4 (August 1982), pp. 711–46.Google Scholar
Lee, James, and Campbell, Cameron. Fate and fortune in rural China: Social organization and population behavior in Liaoning, 1774–1873. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
Lee, James, Feng, Wang, and Campbell, Cameron. “Infant and child mortality among the Qing nobility: Implications for two types of positive check.” Population Studies, 48, No. 3 (November 1994), pp. 395–411.Google Scholar
Lee, James Z., and Feng, Wang. One quarter of humanity: Malthusian mythology and Chinese realities. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999.
Lee, James.The legacy of immigration in Southwest China, 1250–1850.” Annales de demographie historique, (1982), pp. 279–304.Google Scholar
Lee, Robert H. G. The Manchurian frontier in Ch'ing history. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1970.
Lee, Thomas H. C.The social significance of the quota system in Sung civil service examinations.” Journal of the Institute of Chinese Studies, 13 (1982), pp. 287–318.Google Scholar
Lee, Thomas H. C.Sung schools and education before Chu Hsi.” In Neo-Confucian Education: The Formative Period, ed. Theodore, Wm. Bary and Chaffee., John Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989, pp. 105–36.Google Scholar
Legge, James, trans. The She king. Vol. 4 of The Chinese classics: With a translation, critical and exegetical notes, prolegomena, and copious indexes. 5 Vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1893–95; rpt. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, 1991.
Legge, James. The Ch'un Ts'ew with the Tso Chuan. 2d ed. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 1960.
Leong, Sow-Theng. Migration and ethnicity in Chinese history: Hakkas, Pengmin, and their neighbors, ed. Wright., Tim Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1997.
Leung, Angela Ki Che.Elementary education in the lower Yangtze Region in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.” In Education and society in late imperial China, 1600–1900, ed. Elman, Benjamin and Woodside., Alexander Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994, pp. 381–416.Google Scholar
Leung, Angela Ki Che.Organized medicine in Ming-Qing China: State and private medical institutions in the lower Yangzi region.” Late Imperial China, 8, No. 1 (1987), pp. 134–66.Google Scholar
Leung, Angela Ki Che (Ch'i-tzu, Liang). “L'accueil des enfants abandonnés dans la Chine du bas-Yangzi aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles.” Études chinoises, 4, No. 1 (Spring 1985), pp. 15–54.Google Scholar
Leung, Angela Ki Che.To chasten society: The development of widow homes in the Qing, 1773–1911.” Late Imperial China, 14, No. 2 (December 1993), pp. 1–32.Google Scholar
Leung, Man-kam.Mongolian language education and examinations in Peking and other metropolitan areas during the Manchu dynasty in China (1644–1911).” Canada Mongolia Review (Revue Canada-Mongolie) I, No. 1 (1975), pp. 26–44.Google Scholar
Li, Bozhong.Changes in climate, land, and human efforts: The production of wet-field rice in Jiangnan during the Ming and Qing dyasties.” In Sediments of time: environment and society in Chinese history, ed. Elvin, Mark and Ts'ui-jung., Liu Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, pp. 447–86.Google Scholar
Li, Ch'iao.Ch'ing-tai Pei-ching nei-wai-ch'eng she-hui sheng-huo hsi-su chihi.” Li-shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 3 (1987), pp. 25–27.Google Scholar
Li, Chung-ch'ing (Lee, James) and Sung-i, Kuo, eds. Ch'ing-tai huang-tsu jen-k'ou hsing-wei ho she-hui huan-ching. Peking: Pei-ching ta-hsüeh, 1994.
Li, Fang-ch'en. Chung-kuo chin-tai shih. Taipei: Yang-ming ch'u-pan-she, 1956.
Li, Hsiang-chün. Ch'ing-tai huang-cheng yen-chiu. Peking: Chung-kuo nung-yeh ch'u-pan-she, 1995.
Li, Hsüeh-chih.Ch'ing T'ai-tsu shih-ch'i chien ch'u wen-t'i ti fen hsi.” Ssu yü yen, 8, No. 2 (1970), pp. 61–68.Google Scholar
Li, Hsün and Hung, Hsüeh, ed. Ch'ing tai ch'üan shih. Vol. 1 of Ch'ing tai ch'üan shih, ed. Che, Hsü and Hung., Kao 10 Vols. Shen-yang: Liao-ning jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1991.Google Scholar
Li, Hua.Ch'ing-tai Hu-pei nung-ts'un ching-chi tso-wu ti chung-chih ho ti-fang shang-jen ti huo-yao.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 2 (1987), pp. 50–60.Google Scholar
Li, Hua.Ming-Ch'ing shih-tai Kuang-tung nung-ts'un ching-chi tso-wu ti fa-chan.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi, 3 (1984), pp. 135–49.Google Scholar
Li, Hua.Shih-lun Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i ti shih-min tou-cheng.” Wen-shih-che, 10 (1957), pp. 54–62.Google Scholar
Li, Huan, ed. Kuo-ch'ao ch'i-hsien lei-cheng, ch'u-pien. 1890; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1966.
Li, Kuo-chün, ed. Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i chiao-yü lun-chu hsüan. 3 Vols. Peking: Jen-min chiao-yü ch'u-pan-she, 1990.
Li, Lin.Ch'ing-tai huang-ti ti nan-hsün yü tung-hsün.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 1 (1991), pp. 29–32.Google Scholar
Li, Po-chung.K'ung-chih tseng-ch'ang i pao fu-yü: Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i Chiang-nan ti jen-k'ou hsing-wei.” Hsin shih-hsüeh, 5, No. 3 (1994), pp. 25–71.Google Scholar
Li, Po-chung.Ming-Ch'ing Chiang-nan yü wai-ti ching-chi lien-hsi ti chia-chiang chi ch'i tui Chiang-nan ching-chi fa-chan ti ying-hsiang.” Chung-kuo ching-chih shih yen-chiu, 2 (1986), pp. 117–34.Google Scholar
Li, Po-chung.‘Sang cheng tao-t'ien’ yü Ming-Ch'ing Chiang-nan nung-yeh sheng-ch'an chi-yüeh ch'eng-tu ti t'i-kao.” Chung-kuo nung-shih, 1 (1985), pp. 1–12.Google Scholar
Li, Shih-yü.K'ang-Yung-Ch'ien shih-ch'i min-tsu cheng-ts'e yü Hsi-nan min-tsu ti-ch'ü ti k'ai-fa.” Kuei-chou min-tsu yen-chiu, 1 (1992), pp. 127–34.Google Scholar
Li, T'iao-yüan. Chih-i k'o-so chi. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1936.
Li, Tu.Ya-p'ien chan-cheng ch'ien Shang-hai hang-hui hsing-chih chih shanpien.” In Chung-kuo tzu-pen-chu-i meng-ya wen-t'i lun-wen-chi, ed. Dept. of History, Nanking University. Shanghai: Shang-hai jen-min, 1983. pp. 369–90.Google Scholar
Li Wen-chih, Wei Chin-yü, and Chün-chien, Ching Ming-Ch'ing shih-tai ti nung-yeh tzu-pen-chu-i meng-ya wen-t'i. Peking: Social Sciences Press, 1983.
Li, Wen-chih.Lun Ch'ing-tai Ya-p'ien chan ch'ien ti-chia ho kou-mai-nien.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 2 (1989), pp. 1–12.Google Scholar
Li, Wen-chih.Lun Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i ti t'u-ti chan-yu kuan-hsi.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 5 (1963), pp. 75–108.Google Scholar
Li, Wen-chih.Ti-chu ching-chi chih yü Chung-kuo feng-chien she-hui ch'ang-ch'i yen-hsü wen-t'i lun-kang.” Chung-kuo shih yen-chiu, 1 (1983), pp. 37–50.Google Scholar
Li, Wen-chih.Ts'ung ti-ch'üan hsing-chih ti pien-hua k'an Ming-Ch'ing shih-tai ti-chu ching-chi ti fa-chan.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 1 (1991), pp. 12–22.Google Scholar
Li, Wen-chih. Wan-Ming min-pien. Shanghai: Shang-hai shu-tien, 1989.
Li, Wen-chih. 1840–1911. Vol. 1 of Chung-kuo chin-tai nung-yeh shih tzu-liao. Beijing: San-lien shu-tien, 1957.
Li, Lillian M. China's silk trade: Traditional industry in the modern world, 1842–1937. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Council on East Asian Studies, 1981.
Li, Lillian M., and Dray-Novey, Alison. “Guarding Beijing's food security in the Qing dynasty: state, market, and police.” Journal of Asian Studies, 58, No. 4 (November 1999), pp. 992–1032.Google Scholar
Li, Thomas Shiyu, and Naquin, Susan. “The Baoming temple: religion and the throne in Ming and Qing China.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 48, No. 1 (1988), pp. 131–88.Google Scholar
Liang, Chang-chü.T'ui-an sui-pi”. In Ch'ing shih-hua. Shanghai: Ku-chi ch'u-pan-she, 1963, pp. 1949–97.Google Scholar
Liang, Ch'i-ch'ao. Ku-shu chen-wei chi ch'i nien-tai. Taipei: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1973.
Liang, Ch'i-tzu.Ming-mo Ch'ing-ch'u min-chien tz'u-shan huo-tung ti hsing-ch'i.” Shih-huo yüeh-k'an, 15, Nos. 7–8 (January 1986), pp. 304–31.Google Scholar
Liang, Ch'i-tzu.‘P'in-ch'iung’ yü ‘ch'iung-jen’ kuan-nien tsai Chung-kuo su-shih she-hui chung ti li-shih yen-pien.” In Ying-kuei, Huang, ed. Jen-kuan, i-i, yü she-hui. Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, 1993, pp. 129–62.Google Scholar
Liang, Ch'i-tzu. Shih-shan yü chiao-hua: Ming-Ch'ing ti tz'u-shan tsu-chih. Taipei: Lien-ching, 1997.
Liang, Chih-p'ing. Ch'ing-tai hsi-kuan-fa: she-hui yü kuo-chia. Peking: Chung-kuo cheng-fa ta-hsüeh, 1996.
Liang, Fang-chung. Chung-kuo li-tai jen-k'ou, t'ien-ti, t'ien-fu t'ung-chi. Shanghai: Shanghai jen-min, 1980.
Liang, Fang-chung. The single whip method of taxation in China. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1956.
Liang, Ch'i-ch'ao. Intellectual trends in the Ch'ing period, trans. Hsü., Immanuel Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1959.
Liao-ning, ta-hsüeh, comp. Ch'ing-shih chien-pien. Shenyang: Liao-ning ta-hsüeh, 1980.
Lin, Ch'ing-chang. Ch'ing-ch'u ti ch'ün-ching pien-wei hsüeh. Taipei: Wen-chin ch'u-pan-she, 1990.
Lin, Feng.Shih-hsi Ch'ing-mo Fu-chien shih-ch'ang shang-p'in liu-t'unge.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 1 (1998), pp. 75–84.Google Scholar
Lin, Hsiang-jui.Fu-chien yung-tien ch'üan ch'eng-yin ti ch'u-pu k'ao-ch'a.” Chung-kuo shih yen-chiu, 4 (1982), pp. 62–74.Google Scholar
Lin, Tseng-p'ing.Chin-tai Hu-Hsiang wen-hua shih-t'an.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 4 (1988), pp. 3–17.Google Scholar
Lin, Yü-hui and Sung, Shih. “Yung-cheng p'ing-i.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi, 1 (1980), pp. 61–90.Google Scholar
Lin, Yung-k'uang and Hsi, Wang. “Ch'ing-tai Liang-Huai yen-shang yü huang-shih.” Ku-kung po-wu-yüan yüan-k'an, 3 (1988), pp. 29–35.Google Scholar
Lin, Man-houng.From sweet potato to silver: The new world and 18th-century China as reflected in Wang Hui-tsu's passage about grain prices.” In The European discovery of the world and its economic effects on pre-industrial society, 1500–1800, ed. , Hans Pohl. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1990, pp. 304–27.Google Scholar
Lin, T. C.Manchuria in the Ming empire.” Nankai Social and Economic Quarterly, 8, No. 1 (April 1935), pp. 1–43.Google Scholar
Lin, T. C.Manchuria trade and tribute in the Ming dynasty: A study of Chinese theories and methods of control over border peoples.” Nankai Social and Economic Quarterly, 9, No. 4 (January 1937), pp. 855–92.Google Scholar
Linke, Bernd-Michael. Zur Entwicklung des mandjurischen Khanats zum Beamtenstaat. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1982.
Lipman, Jonathan N. Familiar strangers: A history of Muslims in northwest China. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997.
Littrup, Leif. Sub-bureaucratic governance in China in Ming times. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1981.
Liu, Ch'ang-jung.Hsüan-yeh ho Ts'ao Yin kuan-hsi ti t'an-k'ao.” Hung-lou-meng hsüeh-k'an, 8, No. 2 (1981), pp. 301–35.Google Scholar
Liu, Chia-chü.Ch'ing-ch'u han-chün pa-ch'i ti chao-chien.” Ta-lu tsa-chih, 34, No. 11 (1967), pp. 337–42 and 34; No. 12 (1967), pp. 375–77.Google Scholar
Liu, Chin-tsao, comp. Ch'ing-ch'ao hsü wen-hsien t'ung-k'ao. In Shih-t'ung. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1936.Google Scholar
Liu, Feng-yün. Ch'ing-tai san-fan yen-chiu. Peking: Jen-minta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1994.
Liu, I-cheng.Chiang-su shu-yüan chih ch'u-kao.” Kuo-hsüeh t'u-shu-kuan nien-k'an, 4 (1931), pp. 1–112.Google Scholar
Liu, Ju-chung.Shih-hsi K'ang-hsi p'ing-ting Wu San-kuei p'an-luan hou ti shan-hou chao-yü.” Li-shih tang-an, 1 (1990), pp. 83–86.Google Scholar
Liu, Kuang-an. Ch'ing-tai min-tsu li-fa yen-chiu. Peking: Chung-kuo cheng-fa ta-hsüeh, 1993.
Liu, Lu.K'ang-hsi ti yü hsi-fang ch'uan-chiao-shih.” Ku-kung po-wu-yüan yüan-k'an, 3 (1980), pp. 25–32 and 96.Google Scholar
Liu, MinShih-lun Ming-Ch'ing shih-ch'i hu-chi chih-tu ti pien-hua.” Chung-kuo ku-tai shih lun-ts'ung, 2 (September 1981), pp. 218–36.Google Scholar
Liu, Min.Lun Ch'ing-tai p'eng-min ti hu-chi wen-t'i.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 1 (1983), pp. 17–29.Google Scholar
Liu, Po-chi Kuang-tung shu-yüan chih-tu Taipei: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1958.
Liu, Shang-you Ting ssu hsiao chi Ch. I in Ting ch'ou ts'ung pien ed. I-ch'en, Chao, Ta-lung., Wang N.p., rpt. Taipei: I-wen yin shu kuan, 1972. Trans, in Voices from the Ming-Qing cataclysm; China in the tiger's jaws, trans, and ed. Struve., Lynn A. New Haven, Conn., and London: Yale University Press, 1993, pp. 6–27.Google Scholar
Liu, Shih-chi. Ming-Ch'ing shih-tai Chiang-nan shih-chen yen-chiu. Peking: Chung-kuo she-hui k'o-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1987.
Liu, Shih-chi.Some reflections on urbanization and the historical development of market towns in the lower Yangtze region, ca. 1500–1900.” Asian-American Review, 2, No. I (Spring 1984), pp. 1–27.Google Scholar
Liu, Ta-nien.Lun K'ang-hsi.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 3 (1961), pp. 5–21.Google Scholar
Liu, Yüan.‘Hu-kuang Tien Ssu-ch'uan’ yü Ssu-ch'uan liu-min wen-t'i.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu, I (1994), pp. 39–44.Google Scholar
Liu, Yung-ch'engCh'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i ti nung-yeh tsu-tien kuan-hsi.” Ch'ing-shih lun-ts'ung, 2 (1980), pp. 56–88.Google Scholar
Liu, Yung-ch'eng.Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i tien-nung k'ang-tsu tou-cheng ti hsin fa-chan.” Ch'ing-shih lun-ts'ung, I (1979), pp. 54–77Google Scholar
Liu, Yung-ch'eng.Lun Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i nung-yeh ku-yung lao-tung ti hsing-chih.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi, I (1980), pp. 91–112.Google Scholar
Liu, Yung-ch'eng.Shih-lun Ch'ing-tai Su-chou shou-kung-yeh hang-hui.” Li-shih yen-chiu, II (1959), pp. 21–46; trans. and rpt. in Chinese Studies in History, 15, Nos. 1–2 (Fall—Winter 1981–82), pp. 113–67.Google Scholar
Liu, Hui-chen Wang.An analysis of Chinese clan rules: Confucian theories in action.” In Confucianism in action, ed. David, S. Nivison. and Arthur, F. Wright. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1959, pp. 63–96.Google Scholar
Liu, Hui-chen Wang. The traditional Chinese clan rules. Locust Valley, N.Y.: J. J. Augustin, 1959.
Liu, James J. Y. The art of Chinese poetry. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962.
Liu, Ts'ui-jung, and John, C. H. Fei.An analysis of the land tax burden in China, 1650–1865.” Journal of Economic History, 37, No. 2 (June 1977), pp. 359–81.Google Scholar
Liu, Ts'ui-jung.Dike Construction in Ching-chou,” Papers on China, 23 (1970), pp. 1–28.Google Scholar
Liu, Ts'ui-jung.Features of imperfect competition of the Ming-Ch'ing salt market.” In China's market economy in transition, ed. Yung-san, Lee and Liu., Ts'ui-jung Taipei: Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, 1990, pp. 259–328.Google Scholar
Liu, Ts'ui-jung. Trade on the Han river and its impact on economic development, c. 1800–1911. Nankang: Institute of Economics, 1980.
Lo, Chen-yü, ed. T'ien-ts'ung ch'ao ch'en kung tsou i. 1632–1635; facsimile rpt. in subset 2, K'ai-kuo shih-liao, of Ch'ing-shih tzu liao. Taipei: T'ai-lien kuo-feng ch'u-pan-she, 1971, Vol. 8, pp. 207–444.Google Scholar
Lo, Li-ta.1717 nien Chun-ko-erh ch'in-jao Hsi-tsang chi Ch'ing cheng-fu p'ing-ting Hsi-tsang ti tou-cheng 1717.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi, 2 (1982), pp. 196–212.Google Scholar
Lo, Yün-chih. Ch'ing Kao-tsung T'ung-chih Hsin-chiang cheng-ts'e ti t'an-t'ao. Taipei: Li-jen shu-chü, 1983.
Lombard-Salmon, Claudine. Un Example d'Acculturation chinoise: La Province du Guizhou au XVIIIe Siecle. Paris: Ècole Française d'Extéme Orient, 1972.
Lu, Pao-ch'ien. ch'ing-tai ssu-hsiang shih. Taipei: Kuang-wen, 1978.
Lu, Shih-i. Fu-she chi-lueh. N.d.; rpt. Taipei: Kuang-wen shu-chü, Chung-kuo chin-tai nei-luan wai-k'uo li-shih ku-shih ts'ung shu: Tung-lin shih-mo, 1966.
, Ying-fan.Ch'ing-tai i-hsüeh shih chien-shu.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi, (1990), pp. 82–107.Google Scholar
Lu, Weijing.Uxorilocal marriage among Qing literati.” Late Imperial China, 19, No. 2 (December 1998), pp. 64–110.Google Scholar
Lufrano, Richard John. Honorable merchants: Commerce and self-cultivation in late imperial China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1997.
Lui, Adam Yuen-chung.The education of the Manchus: China's ruling race (1644–1911).” Journal of Asian and African Studies, 6, No. 2 (1971), pp. 125–33.Google Scholar
Lui, Adam Yuen-chung. The Hanlin academy. Training ground for the ambitious 1644–1850. Hamden, Conn.: Shoe String Press, Archon Books, 1981.
Lui, Adam Yuen-chung.The imperial college (Kuo-tzu-chien) in the early Ch'ing (1644–1795).” Papers on Far Eastern History, 10 (1974), pp. 147–66.Google Scholar
Lui, Adam Yuen-chung.Syllabus of the provincial examination (hsiang-shih) under the early Ch'ing (1644–1795).” Modern Asian Studies, 8, No. 3 (1974), pp. 391–96.Google Scholar
Luo, Rufang.Eulogy for my mother, the Honorable Lady Ning.” Trans. Cheng., Yu-Yin Under Confucian eyes: Writings on gender in Chinese history, ed. Mann, Susan and Cheng., Yu-Yin Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Luo, Wei-lien (William, T. Rowe). “Cheng-fu yü t'u-ti: 1723–1737 nien Kuang-hsi k'ai-k'en yen-chiu 1723–1737.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu, 94, No. I (Spring 1994), pp. 79–86.Google Scholar
Lynn, Richard.Orthodoxy and enlightenment: Wang Shih-chen's theory of poetry and its antecedents.” In The unfolding of Neo-Confucianism, ed. Bary, Wm. Theodore, et al. New York: Columbia University Press, 1975), pp. 217–69.Google Scholar
Ma, Feng-ch'en.Manchu-Chinese social and economic conflicts in early Ch'ing.” In Chinese social history, trans. Sun, E-tu Zen and DeFrancis., John Washington: American Council of Learned Societies, 1956.Google Scholar
Ma, Ju-heng and Ma, Ta-cheng. ch'ing-tai pien-chiang k'ai-fa yen-chiu. Peking: Chung-kuo she-hui k'o-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1990.
Ma, Shao-ch'iao. Ch'ing-tai Miao-min ch'i-i. Wuhan: Hu-pei jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1956.
Macauley, Melissa.Civil and uncivil disputes in late imperial Fujian, 1723–1820.” In Civil law in Qing and Republican China, ed. Kathryn, Bernhardt and Philip, C. C. Huang.. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1994, pp. 85–121.Google Scholar
Macauley, Melissa. Social power and legal culture: Litigation masters in late imperial China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1998.
Maci, Chang T'ing-yü et al., comp. Ta-Ch'ing Sheng-tsu Jen Huang-ti shih-lu. 6 Vols. Taipei: Hua-wen shu-chü, 1964.
Mackerras, Colin. The rise of the Peking opera, 1770–1870. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972.
Mair, Victor H.Language and ideology in the written popularizations of the sacred edict.” In Popular culture in late imperial China, ed. Johnson, David, Andrew, J. Nathan, and Evelyn, S. Rawski. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985, pp. 325–59Google Scholar
Makino, Tatsumi.KōEnbu no seiin ron.” In Kinsei Chūgoku kyōikushi kenkyū, ed. Tomoharu., Hayashi Tokyo: Kokutosha, 1958, pp. 221–29.Google Scholar
Man-cheong, Iona.The class of 1761: The politics of a metropolitan examination.” Diss., Yale University, 1991.
Mancall, Mark.The Ch'ing tribute system. An interpretive essay.The Chinese world order: Traditional China's foreign relations, ed. Fairbank., John King Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968, pp. 63–89.Google Scholar
Mancall, Mark. Russia and China: Their diplomatic relations to 1728. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971.
Mangrai, Sao Saimong. The Shan states and the British annexation. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Southeast Asia Program, 1965.
Mann, Susan, and Yu-yin, Cheng, eds. Under Confucian eyes: Writings on gender in Chinese history. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.
Mann, Susan.Grooming a daughter for marriage.Marriage and inequality in Chinese society, ed. Watson, Rubie S. and Ebrey., Patricia B. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991, pp. 204–30.Google Scholar
Mann, Susan.Historical change in female biography from Song to Qing times: The case of early Qing Jiangnan.Transactions of the International Conference of Orientalists in Japan, no. 30 (1985), pp. 65–77.Google Scholar
Mann, Susan. Local merchants and the Chinese bureaucracy, 1750–1950. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1987.
Mann, Susan. Precious records: Women in China's long eighteenth century. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1997.
Mann, Susan.Suicide and survival: exemplary widows in the late empire.Chūgoku no dentō shakai to kazoku: Yanagida Setsuko sensei koki kinen ronshū, ed. Setsuko, Yanagida sensei koki kinen ronshū henshū i-inkai. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 1993, pp. 23–39.Google Scholar
Mann, Susan.Widows in the kinship, class, and community structures of Qing dynasty China.“ Journal of Asian Studies, 46, No. I (February 1987), pp. 37–56.Google Scholar
Mann, Susan.The women's work ethic in Chinese society before the modern era.” Paper presented at the International Academic Conference on Women's Studies and Development in the 21st Century, Peking University, June 20–23, 1998.
Mann, Susan.Women's work in the Ningbo area, 1900–1936.” Chinese history in economic perspective, ed. Rawski, Thomas G. and Li., Lillian M. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992, pp. 243–70.Google Scholar
Mao, Lucien.Tai Ming-shih.” T'ien-hsia Monthly, 5 (1937), pp. 382–99.Google Scholar
Marks, Robert B.Rice prices, food supply, and market structure in eighteenth-century south China.” Late Imperial China, 12, No. 2 (December 1991), pp. 64–116.Google Scholar
Marks, Robert B. Tigers, rice, silk, and silt: Environment and economy in late imperial South China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Marx, Karl.Revolution in China and in Europe.” 1853; rpt. in Marx on China, 1853–1860, ed. Torr., Dona London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1951, pp. 1–10.Google Scholar
Masini, Federico, ed. Western humanistic culture presented to China by Jesuit missionaries (XVII-XVIII centuries). Rome: Institutum Historicum S.I., 1996.
Matsuda, Yoshirō.Min-Shin jidai Sekkō Kinken no suiri jigyō.” In Satō hakushi kanreki kinen: Chūgoku suirishi ronshū, ed. kenkyūkai., Chūgoku suirishi Tokyo: Kokusho kankōkai, 1981, pp. 268–312.Google Scholar
Matsuda, Yoshirō.Minmo Shinsho Kantō Shukō deruta no saden kaihatsu to kyōshin shihai no keisei katei.” Shakai-keizai shigaku, 46, No. 6 (1981), pp. 55–81.Google Scholar
Matsuura, Akira.Kōshū shokuzō urintatsu Bojishin no Nagasaki raikō to sono shokumei ni tsuite.” Tōhōgaku, 55 (January 1978), pp. 62–75.Google Scholar
Mazumdar, Sucheta. Sugar and society in China: Peasants, technology and the world market. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Asia Center, 1998.
McCraw, David. Chinese lyricists of the seventeenth century. Honolulu: University of Hawaii, 1990.
McDermott, Joseph P.Bondservants in the T'ai-hu basin during the late Ming: A case of mistaken identities.” Journal of Asian Studies, 40, No. 4 (August 1981), pp. 675–701.Google Scholar
McDermott, Joseph P.The Chinese domestic bursar.” Ajia bunka kenkyū. Special issue 2 (November 1990), pp. 15–32.Google Scholar
McDermott, Joseph P.Family financial plans of the Southern Sung.” Asia Major, 3d Ser., 4, No. 2 (1991), pp. 15–52.Google Scholar
McDermott, Joseph P.Friendship and its friends in the late Ming.” Family process and political process in modern Chinese history, ed. ,Institute of Modern History, ,Academia Sinica. 2 Vols. Taipei: Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica, 1992, Vol. I, pp. 67–96.Google Scholar
McDermott, Joseph P.Land, labor, and lineage in southeast China.” Paper presented at the Song-Yüan-Ming Transitions Conference, June 5–11, 1997, Lake Arrowhead, Calif Ornia.
McMahon, Daniel.Restoring the Garden of Delight: Yan Ruyu and the civilizing of China's internal frontiers, 1795–1805.” Diss., University of California, Davis, 1999.
McMahon, Keith.The classic ‘beauty-scholar’ romance and the superiority of the talented woman.Body, subject and power in China, ed. Zito, Angela and Barlow., Tani E. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994, pp. 227–52.Google Scholar
McMahon, Keith. Misers, shrews, and polygamists: Sexuality and male-female relations in eighteenth-century Chinese fiction. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1995.
McMorran, Ian. The passionate realist. An introduction to the life and political thought of Wang Fuzhi (1619–1692). Hong Kong: Sunshine Book Co., 1992.
Mei, Li-pen.Kuang-hsi hsüeh-cheng tsou.” In I-hui ch'ao-chien. 1767, 7th month.Google Scholar
Melikhov, Gyorgi. Man'chzhury na Severo-Vostoke, XVII v. Moscow: Nauka, 1974.
Menegon, Eugenio.The Catholic four-character classic (Tianzhu Shengjiao Sizijing): A Confucian pattern to spread a foreign faith in late Ming China.” Seminar paper, University of California, Berkeley, Fall 1992.
Meng, Hui-ying.Man – T'ung-ku-ssu yü tsu min-tsu shen-hua.Man-tsu yen-chiu, 3 (1996), pp. 56–61.Google Scholar
Meng, Sen. Ch'ing tai shih. Taipei: 1962; rpt. Taipei: Chung-cheng shu-chü, 1990.
Meng, Sen.Pa-ch'i chih-tu k'ao-shih.” Kuo-li Chung-yang yen-chiu yüan, Li-shih yü-yen yen-chiu suo chi-k'an, 6, No. 3 (1936), pp. 343–412; rpt. in his Ming-Ch'ing shih lun chu chi-k'an. Taipei: Shih-chieh shu-chü, 1965, pp. 218–310.Google Scholar
Menzies, Nicholas K.Forestry.” In Agro-industries and forestry. Part III of Biology and biological technology. Volume 6 of Science and civilisation in China, ed. Needham., Joseph Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 541–689.Google Scholar
Meskill, Johanna. A Chinese pioneer family: The Lins of Wu-feng, Taiwan, 1729–1895. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1979.
Meskill, John.Academies and politics in the Ming dynasty.” In Chinese government in Ming times: Seven studies, ed. Hucker., Charles O. New York: Columbia University Press, 1969, pp. 149–74.Google Scholar
Meskill, John. Academies in Ming China: A historical essay. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1982.
Metzger, Thomas A.On the historical roots of economic modernization in China: The increasing differentiation of the economy from the polity during the late Ming and early Ch'ing times.” In Modern Chinese economic history: Proceedings of the Conference on Modern Chinese Economic History, ed. Hou, Chi-ming and Yu., Tzong-shian Taipei: Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, 1979, pp. 3–14.Google Scholar
Metzger, Thomas A.The organizational capabilities of the Ch'ing state in the field of commerce: The Liang-Huai salt monopoly, 1740–1840.” In Economic organization in Chinese society, ed. Willmott., W. E. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1972, pp. 9–46.Google Scholar
Metzger, Thomas A.Some ancient roots of modern Chinese thought: This-worldliness, epistemological optimism, doctrinality, and the emergence of reflexivity in the eastern Chou.” Early China, 11, 12 (1985, 1987), pp. 61–117.Google Scholar
Metzger, Thomas A.The state and commerce in imperial China.” Asian and African Studies, 6 (1970), pp. 23–46.Google Scholar
Michael, Franz. The origin of Manchu rule in China: Frontier and bureaucracy as inter-acting forces in the Chinese empire. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins Press, 1942.
Mill, John Stuart.On liberty.” 1859; rpt. in Essential works of John Stuart Mill, ed. Lerner., Max New York: Bantam, 1965, pp. 249–360.Google Scholar
Miller, Francesca. Latin American women and the search for social justice. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1991.
Miller, Harold Lyman.Factional conflict and the integration of Ch'ing politics.” Diss., George Washington University, 1974.
Millward, James A. Beyond the pass: Commerce, ethnicity, and empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759–1864. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1998.
Millward, James A.A Uyghur Muslim in Qianlong's court: The meanings of the fragrant concubine.” Journal of Asian Studies 53, No. 2 (May 1994), pp. 147–58.Google Scholar
Mitsutaka, Tani.A study on horse administration in the Ming period.” Acta Asiatica, 21 (1971), pp. 73–97.Google Scholar
Miyazaki, Ichisada. Kakyoshi. Tokyo: Akitaya, 1946 ed.; rev. and rpt. Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1987.
Miyazaki, Ichisada. China's Examination Hell: The civil service examinations of imperial China, trans. Schirokauer., Conrad New York and Tokyo: Weatherhill, 1976.
Mori Masao, Noguchi Tetsurō, Atsutoshi, Hamashima, Mio, Kishimoto, and Yasuhiko, Satake, comp. Min-Shin jidaishi no kihon mondai. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 1997.
Mori, Masao.Jūroku-jūhachi seiki ni okeru kōsei to jinushi denko kankei.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 27, No. 4 (1969), pp. 69–111.Google Scholar
Mori, Masao.Kyōzoku o megutte.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 44, No. 1 (1985), pp. 137–53.Google Scholar
Mori, Noriko.Shindai Shisen no imin keizai.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 45, No. 4 (March 1987), pp. 141–68.Google Scholar
Morita, Akira. Chūgoku suirishi no kenkyū. Tokyo: Kokusho kankōkai, 1995.
Morita, Akira.Kantōshō Nankaiken sōen i no chisui kikō ni tsuite: sonraku to no kanren o chūshin to shite.” Tōyō gakuhō, 47, No. 2 (September 1964), pp. 65–88.Google Scholar
Morita, Akira.Kyūshōbune ni tsuite: Shindai ni okeru shakai jigyō no hitokusari.” Shigaku kenkyū, 66 (1957), pp. 1–12.Google Scholar
Morita, Akira. Shindai suiri shakaishi no kenkyū. Tokyo: Kokusho kankōkai, 1990.
Morita, Akira.Shindai suishu kessha no seikaku ni tsuite.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 13, No. 5 (January 1955), pp. 364–76.Google Scholar
Moses, Larry, and Halkovic, Stephen A. Jr. Introduction to Mongolian history and culture. Indiana University Uralic and Altaic Series, 149. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985.
Mote, Frederick W. and Twitchett, Denis, eds. The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1. Vol. 7 of The Cambridge History of China, ed. Twitchett, Denis and Fairbank., John K. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick W. and Twitchett, Denis, eds. The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 2. Vol. 8 of The Cambridge History of China, ed. Twitchett, Denis and Fairbank., John K. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Mungello, David E., ed. The Chinese rites controversy: Its history and meaning. Monumenta Serica Monograph Series XXXIII. Nettetal: Steyler Verlag, 1994.
Mungello, David E. Curious land: Jesuit accommodation and the origins of sinology. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1985.
Muramatsu, Yuji.A documentary study of Chinese landlordism in late Ch'ing and early Republican Kiangnan.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 29, No. 3 (1966), pp. 1–43.Google Scholar
Murray, Dian H. The origins of the Tiandihui: The Chinese triads in legend and history. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1994.
Murray, Dian. Pirates of the south China coast, 1790–1810. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1987.
Myers, Ramon H.The usefulness of local gazetteers for the study of modern Chinese economic history: Szechuan Province during the Ch'ing and Republican periods.” Tsing-hua Journal of Chinese Studies, N.S. 6, No. 1/2 (December 1967), pp. 72–102.Google Scholar
Nakahara, Teruo.Shindai daiunga no shingai genshō ni tsuite: undō no sokumen yori suru sōun kenkyū nooto.” Tōhōgaku, 29 (February 1965), pp. 56–66.Google Scholar
Nakamura, Jihei.Shindai Kokō kome ryūtsū no ichimen.” Shakai keizai shigaku, 18, No. 3 (1952), pp. 53–65.Google Scholar
Nakamura, Jihei.Shindai Santō no shoen to tentō.” Tōhōgaku, 11 (1955), pp. 100–9.Google Scholar
Nakayama, Mio.On the fluctuations of the price of rice in the Chiang-nan region during the first half of the Ch'ing period (1644–1795).” Memoirs of the Research Department of the Tōyō Bunko, 37 (1979), pp. 55–90.Google Scholar
Naquin, Susan, and Rawski, Evelyn S.. Chinese society in the eighteenth century. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1987.
Naquin, Susan.Connections between rebellions: Sect family networks in Qing China.” Modern China, 8, No. 3 (July 1982), pp. 337–60.Google Scholar
Naquin, Susan.The Peking pilgrimage to Miao-feng Shan: Religious organizations and sacred site.” In Pilgrims and sacred sites in China, ed. Naquin, Susan and Yü., Chün-fang Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992, pp. 333–77.Google Scholar
Naquin, Susan. Shantung rebellion: The Wang Lun uprising of 1774. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1981.
Naquin, Susan. Peking: Temples and city life, 1400–1900. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000.
Naquin, Susan.The transmission of White Lotus sectarianism in late imperial China.” In Popular culture in late imperial China, ed. Johnson, David, Nathan, Andrew J., and Rawski., Evelyn S. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985, pp. 255–91.Google Scholar
Naquin, Susan.Two descent groups in north China: The Wangs of Yung-p'ing prefecture, 1500–1800.” In Kinship organization in late imperial China, 1000–1940, ed. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley and Watson., James L. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986, pp. 210–44.Google Scholar
Ng, Chin-keong. Trade and society: the Amoy network on the China coast, 1683–1735. Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1983.
Ng, Vivien W.Ideology and sexuality: Rape laws in Qing China.” Journal of Asian Studies, 46, No. 1 (February 1987), pp. 57–70.Google Scholar
Ni, Shui.T'u-kuan shuo.” In Ch'ang-ling, Ho, comp. Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien. 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-panshe, 1972, 86: pp. lb-2.Google Scholar
Nieh, Ch'ung-cheng, Hsin, Yang et al., comps. “K'ang-hsi nan-hsün t'u ti hui-chih.” Tzu-chin ch'eng, 4 (1980), pp. 16–25; 5 (1981), pp. 24–29; 6 (1981), pp. 24–29.Google Scholar
Niida, Noboru, ed. Pekin kōshō girudo shiryō shū. Tokyo: Tōyō bunka Kenkyūjo, 1976.
Niida, Noboru.Shina kinsei no ichiden ryōshu kankō to sono seiritsu.” Hōgaku kyōkai zasshi, 64, Nos. 3 (1946), pp. 129–54; 4 (1946), pp. 241–63.Google Scholar
Nishi, Junzō.Tai Shin no hōhō shiron.” Tōkyō Shinagaku hō, 1 (June 1955), pp. 130–45.Google Scholar
Nishimura, Genshō.Shinsho no hōran: shichō taisei no kakuritsu, kaikin kara ukeoi fuchō zeisei e.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 35, No. 3 (December 1976), pp. 114–74.Google Scholar
Nishimura, Genshō.Shinsho no tochi jōryō ni tsuite: tochi taichō to onden o meguru kokka to kyōshin no tai kō kankei o kijiku to shite.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 33, No. 3 (December 1974), p. 103.Google Scholar
Nishizato, Yoshiyuki.Shinmatsu no Nimbo shōnin ni tsuite.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 26, No. 1 (1967), pp. 1–29 and No. 2, pp. 71–89.Google Scholar
Nivison, David S.Ho-shen and his accusers: Ideology and political behavior in the eighteenth century.” In Confucianism in action, ed. Nivison, David S. and Arthur, F. Wright. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1959), pp. 209–43.Google Scholar
Nivison, David S. The life and thought of Chang Hsüeh-ch'eng (1738–1801). Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1966.
Nobuo, Kanda, Keiji, Okamoto, Johei, Shimada, Minobu, Honda, Jun, Matsumura, and Hidehiro, Okada, trans. Mambun Rōtō. Tongki fuka sindaha hergen i dangse. ‘The secret chronicles of the Manchu dynasty.’ 1607–1637. 7 Vols. Tokyo: Tōyō Bunko, 1955–63.
North, Douglass C.Economic developments in historical perspective: The Western world.” In The wealth of nations in the twentieth century: The policies and institutional determinants of economic development, ed. Ramon, H. Myers. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1996, pp. 39–53.Google Scholar
North, Douglass C.Epilogue: Economic performance through time.” In Empirical studies in institutional change, ed. Lee, J. Alston, Eggertsson, Thrain, and North., Douglass C. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 342–55.Google Scholar
O-erh-t'ai, et al., eds. Ch'in-ting Pa-ch'i t'ung-chih ch'u-chi. 40 ts'e. 1739; photographic rpt. Taipei: T'ai-wan hsüeh-sheng shu-chü, 1968.
O-erh-t'ai, et al., eds. Ch'in-ting Pa-ch'i t'ung-chih. 1745; rpt. and ed. Liaoning: Tung-pei Shih-fan Ta-hsüeh, 1985.
O-erh-t'ai, et al., eds. Ch'in-ting Pa-ch'i t'ung-chih. 1799' ed. 60 Vols.; rpt. in Chung-kuo shih-hsüeh ts'ung-shu. 2. Taipei: T'ai-wan hsüeh-sheng shu-chü, 1968.Google Scholar
O-erh-t'ai, et al., eds. Yung-cheng chu p'i yü chih. 1738; rpt. Taipei: Wen yüan shu-chü ed., 1965.
O-erh-t'ai, . “Kai-t'u kuei-liu shu.” In Ch'ang-ling, Ho, comp. Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien. 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1972, 86: pp. 5b-6.Google Scholar
Ogawa, Yoshiko.Shindai ni okeru gigaku setsuritsu no kiban.” In Kinsei Chūgoku kyōiku kenkyū, ed. Tomoharu., Hayashi Tokyo: Kokutosha, 1958, pp. 275–308.Google Scholar
Okada, Hidehiro. Kōkitei no tegami. Tokyo: Chuō kōron sha, 1979.
Okamoto, Takashi. Kindai Chūgoku to kaikan. Nagoya: Nagoya Daigaku Shuppankai, 1999.
Oki, Yashushi. Min-matsu no hagure chishikijin. Tokyo: Kyōshōtō, 1995.
Oki, Yashushi.Readership and audience in the late Ming dynasty.” Paper presented to the Association of Asian Studies Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., March 1994.
Ōkubo, Eiko. Min-Shin jidai shoin no kenkyū. Tokyo: Kokusho kankōkai, 1976.
Omura, Kōdō.Shinchō kyōiku shisōshi ni okeru Seigo kōkun ni tsuite.” In Kinsei Chūgoku kyōikushi kenkyū, ed. Tomoharu., Hayashi Tokyo: Kokutosha, 1958, pp. 233–46.Google Scholar
Ono, Kazuko. Minki dōsha kō. Kyoto: Dōhō sha, 1996.
Ono, Kazuko.Shinsho no Kōkeikai ni tsuite.” Tōhōgaku hō, 36 (1964), pp. 633–61.Google Scholar
Ono, Kazuko.Shinsho no shisō tōsei o megutte.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 18, No. 3 (December 1959), pp. 99–123.Google Scholar
Ornstein, Martha. The role of scientific societies in the seventeenth century. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1928.
Osborne, Anne.The local politics of land reclamation in the lower Yangzi highlands.” Late Imperial China, 15, No. 1 (June 1994), pp. 1–46.Google Scholar
Ou, To-heng.Ch'ien-hsi Ch'ing-tai Kuei-chou chiao-yü fa-chan ti yüan-yin.” Kuei-chou she-hui k'o-hsüeh, 2 (1985), pp. 102–6.Google Scholar
Ou-yang, Fan.Ming-Ch'ing liang-tai nung-yeh ku-kung fa-liu shang jenshen li-shu kuan-hsi ti chieh-fang.” Ching-chi yen-chiu, 6 (1961), pp. 49–73.Google Scholar
Ownby, David. Brotherhoods and secret societies in early and mid-Qing China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1996.
Oxnam, Robert. Ruling from horseback: Manchu politics in the Ohoi regency, 1661–1669. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1975.
Oyama, Masaaki.Large landownership in the Kiangnan delta region during the late Ming-early Qing period.” State and society in China: Japanese perspectives on Ming-Qing social and economic history, ed. and trans. Grove, Linda and Daniels., Christian Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1984, pp. 101–63.Google Scholar
Paderni, Paola.Between formal and informal justice: A case of wife selling in eighteenth-century China.” Ming Qing yanjiu, (1996), pp. 139–56.Google Scholar
Pai, Hsin-liang. Ch'ien-lung chuan. Shenyang: Liao-ning chiao-yü ch'u-pan-she, 1990.
Pai, Hsin-liang. Chung-kuo ku-tai shu-yüan fa-chan shih. Tientsin: T'ien-chin ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1995.
Palmer, Michael J. E.The surface-subsoil form of divided ownership in late imperial China: Some examples from the New Territories of Hong Kong.” Modern Asian Studies, 21, No. 1 (1987), pp. 1–119.Google Scholar
Pang-chih, T'ang comp. Ch'ing Huang-shih ssu-p'u. N.d.; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1966.
Park, Nancy E.Corruption in eighteenth-century China.” Journal of Asian Studies, 56, 4 (November 1997), pp. 967–1005.Google Scholar
Pearce, David W., ed. The dictionary of modern economics. Rev. ed. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1984.
Pei, Huang. Autocracy at work: A study of the Yung-cheng period, 1723–1735. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1974.
Pelliot, Paul.L'Origine des relations de la France avec la Chine. Le premier voyage de l'Amphitrite en Chine.” Journal des Savants, (1928), pp. 433–51; (1929), pp. 110–25, 252–67, 289–98.Google Scholar
P'eng, Tse-i.Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i shou-kung-yeh ti fa-chan.Chung-kuo shih yen-chiu, I (1981), pp. 43–60.Google Scholar
P'eng, Tse-i.Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i Chiang-nan chih-tsao ti yen-chiu.Li-shih yen-chiu, 82, No. 4 (1963), pp. 91–116.Google Scholar
P'eng, Wen-yü.Ch'ing-tai Fu-chien t'ien-ch'an tien-tang yen-chiu.Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 3 (1992), pp. 79–91.Google Scholar
P'eng, Yü-hsin, comp. Ch'ing-tai t'u-ti k'ai-k'en shih tzu-liao hui-pien. Wuhan: Wu-han ta-hsüeh ch'u pan she, 1992.
P'eng, Yü-hsin. Ching-tai t'u-ti k'ai-k'en shih. Peking: Nung-yeh ch'u-pan-she, 1990.
P'eng, Yüan-jui, comp. Kao-tsung shih-wen shih-ch'üan chi. Peking: n.p., 1794; rpt. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu-kuan, 1936.
Perdue, Peter C. Exhausting the earth: State and peasant in Hunan, 1500–1850. Cambridge, Mass.: Council on East Asian Studies, 1987.
Perdue, Peter C.Insiders and outsiders: The Xiangtan riot of 1819 and collective action in Hunan.Modern China, 12, No. 2 (April 1986), pp. 166–201.Google Scholar
Perdue, Peter C.Military mobilization in seventeenth and eighteenth-century China, Russia, and Mongolia.Modern Asian Studies, 30, No. 4 (October 1996), pp. 757–93.Google Scholar
Perdue, Peter C., “Official goals and local interests.Journal of Asian Studies, 41, No. 4 (August 1982), pp. 747–65.Google Scholar
Perdue, Peter C.The Qing state and the Gansu grain market, 1739–1864.” In Chinese history in economic perspective, ed. Rawski, Thomas and Li., Lillian Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992, pp. 100–125.Google Scholar
Perkins, Dwight. Agricultural development in China, 1368–1968. Chicago: Aldine, 1969.
Petech, Luciano. China and Tibet in the early 18th century: History of the establishment of {the} Chinese protectorate in Tibet. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1950.
Peterson, Willard J. Bitter gourd: Fang I-chih and the impetus for intellectual change. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1979.
Peterson, Willard J.Calendar reform prior to the arrival of missionaries at the Ming court.Ming Studies, 21 (Spring 1986), pp. 45–61.Google Scholar
Peterson, Willard J.The life of Ku Yen-wu (1613–1682).” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 28 (1968), Part I, pp. 114–56.Google Scholar
Peyrefitte, Alain. L'empire immobile, ou le choc des mondes. Paris: Fayard, 1989.
Pfister, Louis. Notices biographiques et bibliographiques sur les Jésuites de l'ancienne mission de Chine, 1552–1773 Variétés Sinologiques 59, 60. 1932; rpt. San Francisco: Chinese Materials Center, 1976.
Polachek, James M. The inner Opium War. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992.
Pomeranz, Kenneth. The great divergence: Europe, China, and the making of the modern world economy. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2000.
Pomeranz, Kenneth.Power, gender, and pluralism in the cult of the goddess of Taishan.” In Culture and state in Chinese history: Conventions, accommodations, and critiques, ed. Huters, Theodore, Bin Wong, R., and Stanford, Pauline Yu, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1997, pp. 182–204.Google Scholar
Pomeranz, Kenneth.Rethinking eighteenth-century China: A high standard of living and its implications.” Paper presented at the Economic History Association meeting, September 12–14, 1997.
Poppe, Nicholas. Introduction to Altaic linguistics. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1965.
Purcell, Victor. Problems of Chinese education. London: Kegan, Paul, Trench, Trubner and Co., 1936.
Ramsey, S. Robert. The languages of China. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1987.
Rankin, Mary Backus.Managed by the people: Officials, gentry, and the Foshan charitable granary, 1795–1845.Late Imperial China, 15, No. 2 (December 1994), pp. 1–52.Google Scholar
Rawski, Evelyn S. Agricultural change and the peasant economy of south China. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1972.
Rawski, Evelyn S.Ch'ing imperial marriage and problems of rulership.” In Marriage and inequality in Chinese society, ed. S. Watson, Rubie and Buckley Ebrey., Patricia Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991, pp. 170–203.Google Scholar
Rawski, Evelyn S. Education and popular literacy in Ch'ing China. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan, 1979.
Rawski, Evelyn S. The last emperors: A social history of Qing imperial institutions. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
Rawski, Evelyn S.Presidential address: Reenvisioning the Qing: The significance of the Qing period in Chinese history.Journal of Asian Studies, 55, No. 4 (November 1996), pp. 829–50.Google Scholar
Rawski, Thomas G., and Li, Lillian M., eds. Chinese history in economic perspective. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.
Reed, Bradly W.Money and justice: Clerks, runners, and the magistrate's court in late imperial Sichuan.Modern China, 21, No. 3 (July 1995), pp. 345–82.Google Scholar
Ridley, Charles.Educational theory and practice in late imperial China.” Diss., Stanford University, 1973.
Rieff, Philip. The feeling intellect: Selected writings. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
Rippa, Matteo. Memoirs of Father Ripa during thirteen years residence at the court of Peking in the service of the emperor of China, trans. Prandi., Fortuna London: John Murray, 1855.
Ropp, Paul S.Ambiguous images of courtesan culture in late imperial China.” In Writing women in late imperial China, ed. Widmer, Ellen and Sun Chang., Kang-i Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1997, pp. 17–45.Google Scholar
Ropp, Paul S. Dissent in early modern China: “Ju-lin wai-shih” and Ch'ing social criticism. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1981.
Ropp, Paul S.The seeds of change: Reflections on the condition of women in the early and mid Ch'ing.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 2, No. 1 (1976), pp. 5–23.Google Scholar
Rosenzweig, Daphne.Court painters of the K'ang-hsi period.” Diss., Columbia University, 1973.
Rossabi, Morris. China and Inner Asia. New York: Pica Press, 1975.
Rossabi, Morris. The Jurchens in the Yüan and Ming. Ithaca, N.Y.: China-Japan Program, Cornell University, 1982.
Rosso, Antonio Sisto. Apostolic legations to China of the eighteenth century. South Pasadena, Calif.: P. D. and Ione Perkins, 1948.
Roth Li, Gertraude.The rise of the early Manchu state: A portrait drawn from Manchu sources to 1636.” Diss., Harvard University, 1975.
Roth Li, Gertraude.The Manchu–Chinese relationship, 1618–1636.” In From Ming to Ch'ing: Conquest, region, and continuity in seventeenth-century China, ed. Spence, Jonathan D. and Wills, John E. Jr. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1979, pp. 3–38.Google Scholar
Roth Li, Gertraude. Manchu: A textbook for reading documents. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1999.
Rouleau, Francis.Maillard de Tournon, Papal Legate at the Court of Peking: The First Imperial Audience (31 December, 1705).” Archivum Historicum Societatis Iesu, 31 (1962), pp. 264–323.Google Scholar
Rowe, William T.Ancestral rites and political authority in late imperial China.” Modern China, 24, No. 4 (October 1998), pp. 378–407.Google Scholar
Rowe, William T. Saving the world: Chen Hongmou: Elite consciousness in eighteenth-century China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2001.
Rowe, William T.Education and empire in southwest China: Ch'en Hung-mou in Yunnan, 1733–1738.” In Education and society in late imperial China 1600–1900, ed. Elman, Benjamin A. and Woodside., Alexander Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994, pp. 417–57.Google Scholar
Rowe, William T. Hankow: Commerce and society in a Chinese city, 1796–1889. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1984.
Rowe, William T. Hankow: Conflict and community in a Chinese city, 1796–1895. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1989.
Rowe, William T.Ming-Qing guilds.” Ming Qing Yanjiu (Rome, September 1992). pp. 47–60.Google Scholar
Rowe, William T.State and market in mid-Qing economic thought: The case of Chen Hongmou.” Études chinoises 12, No. 1 (Spring, 1993), pp. 7–40.Google Scholar
Rowe, William T.Success stories: Lineage and elite status in Hanyang country, Hupei, 1368–1949.” In Chinese local elites and patterns of dominance, ed. Esherick, Joseph W. and Rankin., Mary Backus Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990, pp. 51–81.Google Scholar
Rozman, Gilbert. Urban networks in Ch'ing China and Tokugawa Japan. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1973.
Rule, Paul A. K'ung-tzu or Confucius? The Jesuit interpretation of Confucianism. Sydney and London: Allen and Unwin, 1986.
Saeki, Tomi.Shinchō no kyōki to Sansei shōnin.” In his Chūgoku shi kenkyū. 3 Vols. Kyoto: Tōyōshi kenkyūkai, 1969, Vol. 2, pp. 263–321.Google Scholar
Saeki, Tomi.Shindai ni okeru Sansei shōnin.” Shirin, 60, No. I (January 1977), pp. 1–14.Google Scholar
Saeki, Tomi.Shindai no jiei ni tsuite.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 27, No. 2 (1968), pp. 38–58.Google Scholar
Saeki, Tomi.Shindai no risho: Shindai zaisei mondai no ichi shaku.” Tōyō gakuhō, 46, No. 3 (December 1963), pp. 66–77.Google Scholar
Saeki, Tomi.Shindai Yōseichō ni okeru tsūka mondai.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 18, No. 3 (December 1959), pp. 142–211.Google Scholar
Sangren, P. Steven.Traditional Chinese corporations: Beyond kinship.” Journal of Asian Studies, 43, No. 3 (May 1984), pp. 391–415.Google Scholar
Sankar, Andrea.Sisters and brothers, lovers and enemies: Marriage resistance in southern Kwangtung.” Journal of Homosexuality, II, Nos. 3–4 (1985), pp. 69–85.Google Scholar
Santangelo, Paolo.The imperial factories of Suzhou: Limits and characteristics of state intervention during the Ming and Qing dynasties.” In The scope of state power in China, ed. Schram., Stuart London and Hong Kong: School of Oriental and African Studies and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1985, pp. 269–94.Google Scholar
Santangelo, Paolo.Urban society in late imperial Suzhou.” In Cities of Jiangnan in late imperial China, ed. Johnson., Linda Cooke Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993, pp. 81–116.Google Scholar
Sebes, Joseph. The Jesuits and the Sino-Russian treaty of Nerchinsk (1689): The diary of Thomas Pereira, S.J. Rome: Institutum Historicum S. I., 1961.
Serruys, Henry. The Mongols and Ming China: customs and history, ed. Aubin., François London: Variorum reprints, 1987.
Serruys, Henry. Sino-Jürčed relations during the Yung-lo period (1402–1424). Göttinger Asiatische Forschungen Band 4. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1955.
Serruys, Henry. Trade relations: The horse fairs (1400–1600). Sino-Mongol relations during the Ming III. Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques 17. Bruxelles: Institut Belge des hautes études chinoises, 1975.Google Scholar
Shang, Hung-k'uei.K'ang-hsi nan-hsün yü chih-li Huang-ho.” Pei-ching ta-hsüeh hsüeh-pao, 4 (1981), pp. 42–51.Google Scholar
Shang, Yen-liu. Ch'ing-tai k'o-chü k'ao-shih shu-lueh. Peking: San-lien shu-tien, 1958.
Sheang, [Shang], Yen-liu, . “Memories of the Chinese imperial civil service examination system,” trans. Klempner., Ellen American Asian Review, 3, No. I (Spring 1985), pp. 48–83.Google Scholar
Shen, Ts'ung-wen. Chung-kuo ku-tai fu-shih yen-chiu. Hong Kong: Shang-wu yin-shu-kuan, 1981.
Sheng, Lang-hsi. Chung-kuo shu-yüan chih-tu. Ching-mei, Taiwan: Hua-shih, 1977.
Shepherd, John Robert. Statecraft and political economy on the Taiwan frontier, 1600–1800. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1993.
Shiba, Yoshinobu.Ningpo and its hinterland.” In The city in late imperial China, ed. Skinner., G. W. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1977, pp. 391–433Google Scholar
Shigeta, Atsushi.Shindai Kishu shōnin no ichimen.” Jimbun kenkyū, 19, No. 8 (1968), pp. 587–626.Google Scholar
Shigeta, Atsushi. Shindai shakai keizaishi kenkyū. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, 1975.
Shigeta, Atsushi.Shinmo ni okeru Konan cha no shin zankai.” In his Shindai shakai keizai shi kenkyū. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1975, pp. 207–38.Google Scholar
Shigeta, Atsushi.Shincho ni okeru Konan beishichō no ikkōsatsu.” Tōyō bunka kenkyūjo kiyo, 10 (1956), pp. 427–98.Google Scholar
Shigeta, Atsushi.The origins and structure of gentry rule.” Jimbun kenkyū, 22, No. 4 (1971); trans, and rpt. in State and society in China: Japanese perspectives on Ming-Qing socialt and economic history, ed. Grove, Linda and Daniels., Christian Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1984, pp. 335–85.Google Scholar
Shih, Chih-hung.Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i ti keng-ti mien-chi chi liang-shih ch'an-liang ku-chi.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 2 (1989), pp. 47–62.Google Scholar
Shih, Sung.K'ang-hsi ch'ao Huang-wei chi-ch'eng tou-ch'eng ho Yung-cheng ti chi-wei.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu chi, 4 (1986), pp. 139–66.Google Scholar
Shih, James C. Chinese rural society in transition: A case study of the Lake Tai area, 1368–1800. Berkeley, Calif.: Institute of East Asian Studies, 1992.
Shin, Chung-il (Shen, Chung-i). Kônju jichông dorôk (Chien-chou chi ch'eng t'u lu). 1597; photo rpt. of 1597 original; Vol. 6 of Ch'ing shih tzu liao, K'ai kuo shih liao (3). Taipei: T'ai-lien kuo feng ch'u-pan-she, 1971.
Shiratori, Kurakichi.The queue among the peoples of North Asia.” Memoirs of the Research Department of the Tōyō Bunko, 4 (1929), pp. 1–69.Google Scholar
Shirokogoroff, Sergei Mikhailovich. Social organization of the Manchus: A study of the Manchu clan organization. Shanghai: Royal Asiatic Society (North China Branch), 1924.
Sievers, Sharon L. Flowers in salt: The beginnings of feminist consciousness in modern Japan. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1983.
Siu, Helen F.Where were the women? Rethinking marriage resistance and regional culture in South China.” Late Imperial China, II, No. 2 (December 1990), pp. 32–62.Google Scholar
Sivin, Nathan.Why the scientific revolution did not take place in China – or didn't it?” Chinese Science 5 (1982), pp. 45–66; rpt. in his Science in ancient China: Researches and reflections. Aldershot: Variorum, 1995, Part VII, pp. 45–66.Google Scholar
Skinner, G. William.Cities and the hierarchy of local systems.” The city in late imperial China, ed. Skinner., G. W. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1977, pp. 275–352.Google Scholar
Skinner, G. William., ed. The city in late imperial China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1977.
Skinner, G. William.Family systems and demographic processes.” Anthropological demography: Toward a new synthesis, ed. Kertzer, David I. and Tom, Fricke. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997, pp. 53–95.Google Scholar
Skinner, G. William.Introduction.” In Leong, Sow-Theng, Migration and ethnicity in Chinese history: Hakkas, Pengmin, and their neighbors, ed. Wright., Tim Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1997, pp. 1–18.Google Scholar
Skinner, G. William.Introduction: Urban development in imperial China.” In The city in late imperial China, ed. William Skinner., G. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1977, pp. 3–31.Google Scholar
Skinner, G. William.Marketing and social structure in rural China.” Part Two. Journal of Asian Studies, 24, No. 2 (1965), pp. 195–228.Google Scholar
Skinner, G. William.Mobility strategies in late imperial China: A regional systems analysis.” In Economic systems. Vol. I of Regional analysis, ed. Carol, A. Smith.. 2 Vols. New York: Academic Press, 1976, pp. 327–64.Google Scholar
Skinner, G. William.Presidential address: The structure of Chinese history.” Journal of Asian Studies, 44, No. 2 (February 1985), pp. 278–81.Google Scholar
Skinner, G. William.Regional urbanization in nineteenth-century China.” In The city in late imperial China, ed. William Skinner., G. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1977, pp. 211–52.Google Scholar
Skinner, G. William.Sichuan's population in the nineteenth century: Lessons from disaggregated data.” Late Imperial China, 7, No. 2 (December 1986), pp. 1–79.Google Scholar
Smith, Joanna Handlin.Benevolent societies: The reshaping of charity during the late Ming and early Ch'ing.” Journal of Asian Studies, 46, No. 2 (May 1987), pp. 309–37.Google Scholar
Smith, Kent C.Ch'ing policy and the development of southwest China: Aspects of Ortai's governor-generalship, 1726–1731.” Diss., Yale University, 1970.
Sommer, Matthew H.The penetrated male in late imperial China: Judicial constructions and social stigma.” Modern China, 23, No. 2 (1997), pp. 140–80.Google Scholar
Sommer, Matthew H.The uses of chastity: Sex, law, and the property of widows in Qing China.” Late Imperial China, 17, No. 2 (1996), pp. 77–130.Google Scholar
Sommer, Matthew. Sex, law, and society in late imperial China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2000.
Songgyu, I.Shantung in the Shun-chih reign: The establishment of local control and the gentry response,” trans. Fogel., Joshua Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 4, No. 4 (December 1980), pp. 1–34, and 4, No. 5 (June 1981), pp. 1–31.Google Scholar
Soochow, Historical Museum et al., comp. Ming-Ch'ing Su-chou kung-shang-yeh pei-k'e chi. Soochow: Chiangsu jen-min, 1981.
Souza, George B.Portuguese trade and society in China and the South China Sea, ca. 1630–1743.” Diss., Trinity College, Cambridge University, 1981.
Spence, Jonathan D. The death of Woman Wang. New York: Viking Penguin, 1978.
Spence, Jonathan D. Emperor of China, self-portrait of K'ang-hsi. New York: Knopf, 1974.
Spence, Jonathan D. To change China: Western advisers in China, 1620–1960. Boston: Little, Brown, 1969.
Spence, Jonathan D. The memory palace of Matteo Ricci. New York: Viking Penguin, 1985.
Spence, Jonathan D. Ts'ao Yin and the K'ang-hsi emperor: Bondservant and master. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1966.
Ssu-ch'uan, ta-hsüeh li-shih hsi et al., comp. Ch'ing-tai Ch'ien-Chia-Tao Pa-hsien tang-an hsüan-pien. Chengtu: Tang-an ch'u-pan-she, 1989.
Stary, Giovanni.Die Struktur der ersten Residenz des Mandschukhans Nurhaci.” Central Asiatic Journal, 25, Nos. 1–2 (1981), pp. 103–9.Google Scholar
Stary, Giovanni.The emperor ‘Abahai’: Analysis of an historical mistake.” Central Asiatic Journal, 28, No. 3–4 (1984), pp. 196–99.Google Scholar
Stary, Giovanni.Mandschurische Miszellen.” Asiatische Forschungen. Band 80. Florilegia Manjurica in Memoriam Walter Fuchs. Ed. Michael, Weiers and Giovanni, Stary. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1982, pp. 76–86.Google Scholar
Stary, Giovanni.The meaning of the word ‘Manchu’: A new solution to an old problem.” Central Asiatic Journal, 34, No. 1–2 (1990), pp. 109–19.Google Scholar
Staunton, Sir George. An authentic account of an embassy from the king of Great Britain to the emperor of China. 2 Vols. London: Bulwer, 1798.
Stevenson, J. L. A Journey from St. Petersburg to Pekin, 1719–1722, ed. Bell., John Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1965.
Stockard, Janice E. Daughters of the Canton delta: Marriage patterns and economic strategies in South China, 1860–1930. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1989.
Strassberg, Richard E., trans., annot., and intro. Inscribed landscapes: Travel writing from imperial China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994.
Strassberg, Richard.K'ung Shang-jen and the K'ang-hsi emperor.” Ch'ing-shih went'i, 3, No. 9 (1978), pp. 31–75.Google Scholar
Struve, Lynn A. The Ming-Qing conflict, 1619–1683: A historiography and source guide. Ann Arbor, Mich.: The Association for Asian Studies, 1998.
Struve, Lynn A.The Southern Ming.” In Mote, Frederick W. and Twitchett, Denis, eds. The Ming dynasty 1368–1644, Part I. Vol. 7 of The Cambridge history of China, ed. Fairbank, John K. and Twitchett., Denis New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988, pp. 641–725.Google Scholar
Struve, Lynn A. The southern Ming, 1644–1662. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1984.
Struve, Lynn A., ed. and trans. Voices from the Ming-Qing cataclysm: China in tigers' jaws. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1993.
Struve, Lynn.Ambivalence and action: Some frustrated scholars of the K'ang-hsi period.” In From Ming to Ch'ing: Conquest, region and continuity in seventeenth-century China, ed. Spence, Jonathan and Wills., John New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1979, pp. 323–65.Google Scholar
Sudō, Yoshiyuki. Chūgoku tochi seidoshi kenkyū. Tokyo: Tokyo University Press, 1954.
Sudō, Yoshiyuki.Shinchō ni okeru Manshū chūbō no toku shusei ni kansuru ichi kōsatsu.” Tōhoku gakuhū, II, No. I (March 1940), pp. 176–203.Google Scholar
Sudō, Yoshiyuki. Shindai Manshū tochi seisaku no kenkyū: toku ni kichi seisaku o chūshin to shite. Tokyo: Kawade shobō, 1944.
Sugimura, Yūzō. Ken-ryū kōtei. Tokyo: Nigensha, 1961.
Sun, Hsing-yen et al. “Ku-ching ching-she t'i-ming-pei-chi.” In Ku-ching ching-she wen-chi. Taipei: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1966, pp. 1–3.Google Scholar
Sun, Hsing-yen.Ni k'o-ch'ang shih-shih ch'ing chien-yung chu-shu che.” In Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i chiao-yü lun-chu hsüan, ed. Kuo-chün., Li 3 Vols. Peking: Jen-min chiao-yü ch'u-pan-she, 1990, Vol. 3, pp. 278–79.Google Scholar
Sun, P'ei, ed. Su-chou chih-tsao-chü chih. Nanking: Kiangsu jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1959.
Sun, Yu-t'ang and Chang, Ch'i-ch'ien.Ch'ing tai ti ken-t'ien yüting-kou ti chi lu.Ch'ing shih lun ts'ung, I (1970), pp. 110–20.Google Scholar
Sun, E-tu Zen.Ch'ing government and the mineral industries before 1800.” Journal of Asian Studies, 27, No. 4 (1968), pp. 835–45.Google Scholar
Sun, E-tu Zen.The finance ministry (Hubu) and its relationship to the private economy in Qing times.” In To achieve security and wealth: the Qing imperial state and the economy, 1644–1911, eds. Leonard, Jane Kate and Watt., John R. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1992, pp. 9–20.Google Scholar
Sun, E-tu Zen.Mining labor in the Ch'ing period.” In Approaches to modern Chinese history, ed. Feuerwerker, Albert, Murphey, Rhoads, and Wright., Mary C. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967, pp. 45–67.Google Scholar
Sun, E-tu Zen.Sericulture and silk textile production in Ch'ing China.” In Economic organization in Chinese society, ed. Willmott., W. E. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1972, pp. 79–108.Google Scholar
Sung, Te-hsüan. K'ang-hsi ssu-hsiang yen-chiu. Peking: Chung-kuo she-hui k'o-hsüeh yüan, 1990.
Suzuki, Chūsei.Rei-chō kōki no Shin to no kankei.” In Tatsurō, Yamamoto, comp. Betonamu-Chūgoku kankei shi. Tokyo: Yamakawa shuppansha, 1975, pp. 405–92.Google Scholar
Suzuki, Chūsei. Shinchō chūki shi kenkyū. Toyohashi: Aichi daigaku Kokusai mondai kenkyūjo, 1952.
Symons, Van Jay. Ch'ing Ginseng management: Ch'ing monopolies in microcosm. Occasional Papers. 13. Tempe: Arizona State University Center for Asian Studies, 1981.
Szonyi, Michael.The cult of Hu Tianbao and the eighteenth-century discourse of homosexuality.” Late Imperial China, 19, No. I (June 1998), pp. 1–25.Google Scholar
Tai, I. and Li, Hua. “I-ch'ang te-pu-ch'ang-shih ti chan-cheng: lun Ch'ien-lung ch'ao Chin-ch'uan chih i.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 3 (1993), pp. 30–41.Google Scholar
Tai, I. Ch'ien-lung ti chi ch'i shih-tai. Peking: Chung-kuo jen-min ta-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1992.
Tai, I.Shih-pa shih-chi Chung-kuo ti ch'eng-chiu, chü-hsien, yü shih-tai t'e-cheng.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu, I (1993), pp. 1–6.Google Scholar
Tai, Chen. Tai Chen wen-chi. Hong Kong: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1974.
“T'ai-tsung pen-chi.” Ch'ung-te 3 [1638], 7th month, jen-hsü. In Ch'ing-shih kao chiao-chu. Ed. kuan., Kuo-shih 15 Vols. Taipei: Kuo-shih-kuan, 1986–1990, Vol. I, ch. 3, p. 64.Google Scholar
Tajiri, Tōru. Shindai nōgyō shōgyōka no kenkyū. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 1999.
T'an, T'ien-hsing.Ch'ien-lung shih-ch'i Hu-nan kuan-yü t'ui-kuang shuang-chi-tao ti i-ch'ang ta lun-chan.” Chung-kuo nung-shih, No. 4 (1986), pp. 33–38.Google Scholar
T'an, Tso-kang.Ch'ing-tai Shan-nan ti-ch'u ti i-min, nung-yeh k'en-chih yü tzu-jan huan-ching ti e-hua.” Chung-kuo nung-shih, 4 (1986), pp. 1–10.Google Scholar
T'ang, Li-hsing.Ming-Ch'ing Hui-chou ti chia-t'ing yü tsung-tsu chieh-kou.” Li-shih yen-chiu, I (1991), pp. 147–59.Google Scholar
T'ang, Chih-chün and Elman, Benjamin A.. “The 1898 reforms revisited.” Late Imperial China, 8, No. I (June 1987), pp. 205–13.Google Scholar
Telford, Ted A.Covariates of men's age at first marriage: The historical demography of Chinese lineages.” Population Studies, 46 (1992), pp. 19–35.Google Scholar
Telford, Ted A.Family and state in Qing China: Marriage in the Tongcheng lineages, 1650–1880.” Family process and political process in modern Chinese history, ed. ,Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica. 2 Vols. Taipei: Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica, 1992, Vol. 2, pp. 921–42.Google Scholar
Teng, I-p'ing.Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i ti shih-chen.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 3 (1997), pp. 24–38, 84.Google Scholar
T'eng, Shao-chen. Ch'ing-tai pa-ch'i tzu-ti. Peking: Hua-ch'iao ch'u-pan-she, 1989.
T'eng, Shao-chen. Nu-erh-ha-ch'ih p'ing chuan. Shen-yang: Liaoning jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1985.
Teng, T'o.Lun Hung-lou meng ti she-hui pei-ching ho li-shih i-i.” People's Daily. (1955); rpt. in his Lun Chung-kuo li-shih chi-ko wen-t'i. Peking: San-lien, 1979, pp. 167–88.Google Scholar
Teng, T'o.Ts'ung Wan-li tao Ch'ien-lung.” In his Lun Chung-kuo li-shih chi-ko wen-t'i. 2d ed. Peking: San-lien, 1979, pp. 189–239.Google Scholar
Teng, Yün-hsiang. Hung lou meng su t'an. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1987.
Terada, Hiroaki.Shindai tochihō chtsujo ni okeru ‘kanko’ no kōzōTōyōshi kenkyū, 48, No. 1 (September 1989), pp. 130–57.Google Scholar
Terada, Takanobu. Sansei shōnin no kenkyū. Kyoto: Tōyōshi kenkyūkai, 1972.
Terada, Takanobu.Yōseitei no semmin kaihōrei ni tsuite.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 18, No. 3 (1959), pp. 124–41.Google Scholar
Ti, yi li-shih tang-an kuan, comps. Ch'ing-tai t'u-ti chan-yu kuan-hsi yü tien-nung k'ang-tsu tou-cheng. 2 Vols. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1988.
T'ien, Ts'ung-tien. Yang-ch'eng T'ien T'ai-shih ch'üan-kao. 1722 ed.
T'ien, Wen-ching and Wei, Li. Ch'in-pan chou-hsien shih-i. Kiangsu: Chiangsu shu-chü, 1868 ed.
T'ien, Ju-k'ang. Male anxiety and female chastity: A comparative study of Chinese ethical values in Ming-Ch'ing times. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1988.
Ting, Wen-chiang. Liang Jen-kung hsien-sheng nien-p'u ch'ang-pien ch'u-kao. 2 Vols. Taipei: Shih-chieh shu-chü, 1972.
Torbert, Preston M. The Ch'ing Imperial Household Department: A study of its organization and principal functions, 1662–1796. Cambridge, Mass., and London: Harvard University Council on East Asian Studies, 1977.
Ts'ai, Shao-ch'ing. Chung-kuo chin-tai hui-t'ang shih yen-chiu. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1987.
Ts'ai, Shao-ch'ing. Chung-kuo pi-mi she-hui. Hangchow: Che-chiang jenmin ch'u-pan-she, 1989.
Ts'ao, Hsüeh-ch'in, and Kao, O. Hung lou meng. 3 Vols. Peking: Jen-min wen-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1988.
Tsao, Kai-fu.The rebellion of the Three Feudatories against the Manchu throne in China, 1673–1681: Its setting and significance.” Diss., Columbia University, 1965.
Tsien, T. H. Written on hamhoo and silk. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962.
Tso, Yün-p'eng.Ssu-t'ang tsu-chang tsu-ch'üan ti hsing-ch'eng chi ch'i tsoyung shih-shuo.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 5–6 (1964), pp. 97–116.Google Scholar
Tsukamoto, Shunkō.Yoseitei no Ju-Bu-Dō sankyō ittaikan.” Tōyōshi kenkyū, 18, (1959), pp. 44–60.Google Scholar
Tu, Chia-chi.Ch'ing-tai I-cheng-ch'u k'ao-lüeh.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 3 (1991), pp. 33–35.Google Scholar
Tu, Lien-che.Fan Ch'eng-mo.” In Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing period, ed. Hummel., Arthur W. 2 Vols. Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1943, pp. 228–9.Google Scholar
Tu, Teng-ch'un. She shih shih-mo. n.p.: Chao-tai ts'ung-shu, 1844.Google Scholar
Tu, Wei-yün.Tai Ming-shih chih shih-hsüeh.” Ku-kung wen-hsien, 5, No. 1 (1973), pp. 1–4.Google Scholar
Uchida, Naosaku.Chūgoku ni okeru shōgyō chitsujo no kiso – gakō seido no saikentō.” Hitosuhashi ronsō, 22, No. 2 (August 1949), pp. 49–73.Google Scholar
Ueda, Makoto.Minmatsu Shinsho Konan no toshi no ‘burai’ o meguru shakai kansei.” Shigaku zasshi, 90, No. 11 (1979), pp. 1619–53.Google Scholar
Unno, Kazutaka.Shindai daiunga sōun no chii teki kōsatsuŌsaka Gakuei daigaku kiyō, 3 (1955), pp. 124–33.Google Scholar
Unschuld, Paul U. Medicine in China: A history of ideas. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.
Unschuld, Paul U. Medicine in China: A history of pharmaceutics. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986.
van Gulik, R. H. Sexual life in ancient China. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1961.
Vermeer, Eduard B.Population and ecology along the frontier in Qing China.” In Sediments of time, ed. Elvin, Mark and Ts'ui-jung., Liu Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, pp. 235–82.Google Scholar
Vinograd, Richard. Boundaries of the self: Chinese portraits, 1600–1900. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Viraphol, Sarasin. Tribute and profit: Sino-Siamese trade, 1652–1853. Cambridge, Mass.: Council on East Asian Studies, 1977.
Visram, Rozina. Women in India and Pakistan: The struggle for independence from British rule. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Vogel, Hans Ulrich.Chinese central monetary policy, 1644–1800.” Late Imperial China, 8, No. 2 (December 1987), pp. 1–52.Google Scholar
Volpp, Sophie.Silent operas.” Positions: East Asia Cultures Critique, 2, No. 1 (Spring 1994), pp. 113–32.Google Scholar
von Glahn, Richard.The enchantment of wealth: The god Wutong in the social history of Jiangnan.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 51, No. 2 (1991), pp. 651–714.Google Scholar
von Glahn, Richard. Fountain of fortune: Money and monetary policy in China, 1000–1700. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.
Wada, Masahiro.Mindai kyojinzō no keisei katei ni kansuru ichi kōsatsu.” Shigaku zasshi, 87, No. 3 (March 1978), pp. 36–71.Google Scholar
Wakeman, Frederic Jr.China and the seventeenth-century crisis.” Late Imperial China, 7, No. 1 (June 1986), pp. 1–26.Google Scholar
Wakeman, Frederic Jr. The fall of imperial China. New York: Free Press, 1975.
Wakeman, Frederic Jr. The great enterprise: The Manchu reconstruction of imperial order in seventeenth-century China. 2 Vols. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1985.
Wakeman, Frederic Jr.High Ch'ing, 1683–1839.” Modern East Asia: Essays in interpretation, ed. Crowley., James B. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1970, pp. 1–28.Google Scholar
Wakeman, Frederic Jr.Localism and loyalism during the Ch'ing conquest of Kiangnan: The tragedy of Chiang-yin.” Conflict and control in late imperial China, ed. Wakeman, Frederic Jr. and Grant., Carolyn Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975, pp. 43–85.Google Scholar
Wakeman, Frederic Jr.The price of autonomy: Intellectuals in Ming and Ch'ing politics.” Daedalus, 101, No. 2 (Spring 1972), pp. 35–70.Google Scholar
Wakeman, Frederic Jr., and Grant, Carolyn, eds. Conflict and control in late imperial China. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1975.
Waley, Arthur. Yüan Mei: Eighteenth-century Chinese poet. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1956.
Waley-Cohen, Joanna.Commemorating war in eighteenth-century China.” Modern Asian Studies, 30, No. 4 (October 1996), pp. 869–99.Google Scholar
Waley-Cohen, Joanna. Exile in mid-Qing China: Banishment to Xinjiang, 1758–1820. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1991.
Waley-Cohen, Joanna.Religion, war, and empire-building in eighteenth-century China.” The International History Review, 20, No. 2 (June 1998), pp. 336–52.Google Scholar
Waltner, Ann. Getting an heir: Adoption and the construction of kinship in late imperial China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1990.
Waltner, Ann.Infanticide and dowry in Ming and early Qing China.” In Chinese views of childhood, ed. Kinney., Anne Behnke Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1995, pp. 193–218.Google Scholar
Waltner, Ann.On not becoming a heroine: Lin Dai-yu and Cui Ying-ying.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 15, No. 1 (Autumn 1989), pp. 61–78.Google Scholar
Walton, Línda. Academies and Society in Southern Sung China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1999.
Walton-Vargö, Linda.Education, social change, and Neo-Confucianism in Sung-Yüan China: Academies and the local elite in Ming prefecture (Ningpo).” Diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1978.
Wang, Ao (1450–1524). Chen-tse ch'ang-yü. Taipei: Shang-wu yin-shu kuan, 1965.
Wang, Ch'ang.T'ang-Sung ping-chih te-shih lun.” In Ch'ang-ling, Ho, comp. Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien. 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1972, 70: pp. 3b–4.Google Scholar
Wang, Chen-yüan. Ch'ing-shih hsüan. Taipei: Lo-chün wen-hua kung-ssu, 1991.
Wang, Chia-fan.Ming-Ch'ing Chiang-nan shih-chen chieh-kou chi li-shih chia-chih ch'u-t'iao.” Hua-tung shih-fan ta-hsüeh hsüeh-pao, 1 (1984), pp. 74–83.Google Scholar
Wang, Chih-ming.Ming Ch'ing chia-tsu she-hui jen-t'ung chun-tse.” Hua-tung shih-fan ta-hsüeh hsüeh-pao, 6 (1992), pp. 37–42.Google Scholar
Wang, Ch'un-yüeh, ed. K'ang-hsi cheng-feng. Peking: Chung-kung chung-yang tang-chiao ch'u-pan-she, 1996.
Wang, Chung-han, ed. Man-tsu shih yen-chiu chi. Peking: Chung-kuo she-hui k'o-hsüeh-yüan ch'u-pan-she, 1988.
Wang, Chung-han.K'ang-hsi yü Li-hsüeh.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 3 (1994), pp. 116–22.Google Scholar
Wang, Chung-han.The question of the place where the Manchu ancestors originated.” Central Asiatic Journal, 35, No. 3–4 (1991), pp. 279–301.Google Scholar
Wang, Chung. Shu-hsüeh, (wai-p'ien). Taipei: Kuang-wen shu-chü, 1970.
Wang, Hsiao-yao.Erh Wei pi-p'ing.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 2, No. 2 (1990), pp. 31–37.Google Scholar
Wang, Hsien-ch'ien, comp. Shih erh ch'ao tung hua lu. 509 chüan. 1884; rpt. 30 Vols. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1963.
Wang, Hui-tsu. Hsüeh-chih i-shuo. 1793; rpt. Changsha: Shang-wu yin-shu-kuan, 1939.
Wang, Ming-sheng.Hsü.” Shih-ch'i-shih shang-ch'ueh. 1787 ed.; rpt. Taipei, Kuang-wen shu-chü, 1960.Google Scholar
Wang, P'ei-huan.K'ang-hsi tung-hsün shih-shih kou-pu.” Li-shih tang-an, 1 (1987), pp. 89–93.Google Scholar
Wang, Shih-ch'ing.Religious organization in the history of a Taiwanese town.” In Religion and ritual in Chinese society, ed. Wolf., Arthur P. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1974, pp. 71–92.Google Scholar
Wang, Ti.Ch'ing-tai Ssu-ch'uan jen-k'ou, keng-ti, chi liang-shih wen-t'i.” Ssu-ch'uan ta-hsüeh hsüeh-pao, 3 (1989), pp. 90–105, and 4 (1989), pp. 73–87.Google Scholar
Wang, Ti. Kua-ch'u feng-pi ti shih-chih: Ch'ang-chiang shang-liu ch'u-yü she-hui yen-chiu (1644–1911). Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1993.
Wang, Wei-pang, comp. Ming tai Liao-tung tang an hui-pien, ed. Liao-ning sheng tang an kuan and Liao-ning she-hui k'o-hsüeh yüan, Li-shih yen-chiu so. 2 Vols. Shen-yang: Liao shen shu-she, 1985.Google Scholar
Wang, Yao.Ti-pa Sang-chieh Chia-ts'o tsa-k'ao.” yen-chiu chi, 1 (1980), pp. 183–99.Google Scholar
Wang, Yeh-chien, Hsiang-yü, Huang, and Mei-o, HsiehShih-pa shih-chi Chung-kuo liang-shih tso-wu ti fen-pu.” In Chin-shih Chung-kuo chih ch'uan-t'ung yü shui-pien: Liu Kuang-ching yüan-shih ch'i-shih-wu-sui ch'in-shou lun-wen-chi, ed. Yen-p'ing, Hao and Hsiu-mei., Wei 2 Vols. Nankang, Taipei: Chung-yang yen-chiu yüan chin-tai-shih yen-chiu-so, 1998, Vol. 1, pp. 283–308.Google Scholar
Wang, Yeh-chien and Kuo-shu, Huang. “Shih-pa shih-chi Chung-kuo liang-shih kung-hsü ti k'ao-ch'a.” In yen-chiu-so., Chung-yang yen-chiu-yüan chin-tai-shih Chin-tai Chung-kuo nung-ts'un ching-chi shih lun-wen-chi. Taipei: Chung-yang yen-chiu-yüan chin-tai-shih yen-chiu-so, 1989, pp. 271–89.Google Scholar
Wang, Yeh-chien and Ying-chüeh, Hung. “Ch'ing chung-yeh tung-nan yen-hai ti liang-shih tso-wu fen-pu, liang-shih kung-hsu chi liang-chia fen-hsi.” Chung-yang yen-chiu-yüan li-shih yü-yen yen-chiu-so chi-k'an, 70, Part 2 (1999), pp. 363–97.Google Scholar
Wang, Yeh-chien. Chung-kuo chin-tai huo-pi yü yin-hang ti yen-chin 1644–1937 1644–1937. Nankang: Institute of Economic Research, Academia Sinca, 1981.
Wang, Yeh-chien.Deflation and the mass peasant uprisings in mid-19th century China.” Paper presented at the Economic History Association meeting, September 12–14, 1997.
Wang, Yeh-chien.Shih-chiu shih-chi ch'ien-ch'i wu-chia hsia-lo yü T'ai-p'ing t'ien-kuo ke-ming.” In Shih-pien, chün-t'i yü ko-jen: ti-i chieh ch'üan-kuo li-shih hsüeh hsiieh-shu t'ao-lun-hui lun-wen-chi. Taipei: National Taiwan University, Department of History, 1996, pp. 259–84.Google Scholar
Wang, , ed. Ch'ing ch'u nei kuo shih yüan man wen tang an i p'ien. In Chung-kuo ti i li-shih tang-an-kuan, trans. Hsiao-lien, Kuan, Chih-ch'iang, Chao, Mei-lan., Kuo 2 Vols. Chung-kuo ti-i li-shih tang-an-kuan: Kuang-ming jih-pao, 1986.Google Scholar
Wang, Yü-ch'ih.T'an Ch'ing-tai p'ing-ting Tsun-ko-erh p'an-luan ti chi-fu li-shih hua.” She-hui k'o-hsüeh chan-hsien, 1 (1981), pp. 110–13.Google Scholar
Wang, Yüan-chung, comp. Kuo-ch'ao Yü-yang k'o-ming-lu. 1850 ed.
Wang, Yün.Chiao t'ung-tzu fa.” In Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i chiao-yü lun-chu hsüan, ed. Kuo-chün., Li 3 Vols. Peking: Jen-min chiao-yü ch'u-pan-she, 1990, Vol. 3, pp. 484–92.Google Scholar
Wang, Ch'ang. Ch'un-jung-t'ang chi. 1807 ed.
Wang, David Der-wei. Fin-de-siècle splendor; Repressed modernities of late Qing fiction, 1849–1911. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press, 1997.
Wang, Gungwu. The Nanhai trade: A study of the early history of Chinese trade in the South China Sea. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysia Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1959.
Wang, Mingming.Place, administration, and territorial cults in late imperial China: A case study from south Fujian.” Late Imperial China, 16, No. 1 (June 1995), pp. 33–78.Google Scholar
Wang, P'ing.Ch'ing-ch'u li-suan-chia Mei Wen-ting.” Chintai shih yen-chiu-so chi-kan. Taipei: Academia Sinica, 1971, pp. 313–24.Google Scholar
Wang, Yeh-chien.Food supply in eighteenth-century Fukien.” Late Imperial China, 7, No. 2 (December 1986), pp. 80–117.Google Scholar
Wang, Yeh-chien. Land taxation in imperial China, 1750–1911. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1973.
Wang, Yeh-chien.The secular trend of prices during the Ch'ing period (1644–1911).” Journal of the Institute of Chinese Studies of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 5, No. 1 (December 1972), pp. 347–68.Google Scholar
Wang, Yeh-chien.Secular trends of rice prices in the Yangzi Delta, 1638–1935.” In Chinese history in economic perspective, ed. Rawski, Thomas G. and , Lillian M. Li. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992, pp. 35–68.Google Scholar
Watanabe, Tadayo and Yumio, Sakurai, eds. Chūgoku Kōnan no tōsaku bunka: sono gakkai teki kenkyū. Tokyo: Nihon hōsō shuppan kyōkai 1984.
Watson, James L.Hereditary tenancy and corporate landlordism in traditional China: A case study.” Modern Asian Studies, 11, No. 2 (1977), pp. 161–82.Google Scholar
Watson, Rubie S.The creation of a Chinese lineage: The Teng of Ha Tsuen, 1669–1751.” Modern Asian Studies, 16, No. 1 (1982), pp. 69–100.Google Scholar
Watson, Rubie S.Wives, concubines, and maids: Servitude and kinship in the Hong Kong region, 1900–1940.” Marriage and inequality in Chinese society, ed. Watson, Rubie S. and Ebrey., Patricia Buckley Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991, pp. 231–55.Google Scholar
Watson, Rubie S., and Ebrey, Patricial Buckley, eds. Marriage and inequality in Chinese society. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
Watt, John. The district magistrate in late imperial China. New York: Columbia University Press, 1972.
Wei, Chin-yü.Ming-Ch'ing shih-tai tien-nung ti nung-nu ti-wei.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 5 (1963), pp. 109–34.Google Scholar
Wei Ch'ing-yüan, Wu Ch'i-yen, and Lu, Su. Ch'ing-tai nu-pi chih-tu. Peking: Jen-min ta-hsüeh, 1982.
Wei, Ch'ing-yüan.Ch'ing tai ch'ien ch'i ti shang p'an k'uang ye ho tzu-pen chu-i meng-ya.” Chung-kuo jen-min ta-hsüeh Chung-kuo tzu-pen chu-i meng-ya wen-t'i hsüeh-shu t'ao-lun lun wen, 5 (1981), pp. 1–66.Google Scholar
Wei, Mei-yüeh.Ch'ing-tai Ch'ien-lung shih-ch'i chün-chi-ch'u-tang yu-kuan ch'ao-chia tang-an chih shih-liao chi ch'i chia-chih.” Ku-kung chi-k'an, 15, No. 1 (1980), pp. 1–42.Google Scholar
Wei, Yüan. Sheng-wu chi. N. pl.: Ku-wei t'ang, 1842; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1967.
Wen-fu, . “Hsin-chiang she hsüeng shu.” In Ch'ang-ling, Ho, comp. Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien. 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1972, 57: pp. 16–16b.Google Scholar
Whelan, T. H. The pawnshop in China. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, 1979.
Widmer, Ellen, and Chang, Kang-i Sun, eds. Writing women in late imperial China. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1997.
Widmer, Ellen.The Huanduzhai of Hangzhou and Suzhou: A study in seventeenth-century publishing.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 56, No. 1 (1996), pp. 77–122.Google Scholar
Widmer, Eric. The Russian ecclesiastical mission in Peking during the eighteenth century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard East Asian Research Center, 1976.
Wiens, Mi Chu.Cotton textile production and rural social transformation in early modern China.” Journal of the Institute of Chinese Studies (Chinese University of Hong Kong), 7, No. 2 (December 1974), pp. 515–34.Google Scholar
Wiens, Mi Chu.Kinship extended: The tenant/servants of Hui-chou.” In Orthodoxy in late imperial China, ed. Liu., Kwang-ching Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990, pp. 231–80.Google Scholar
Wiens, Mi Chu.Lord and peasant: The sixteenth to the eighteenth century.” Modern China, 6, No. 1 (January 1980), pp. 3–39.Google Scholar
Wilhelm, Hellmut.The Po-hsüeh hung-ju examination of 1679.” Journal of the American Oriental Society, 71 (1951), pp. 60–76.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, Endymion Porter.Studies in Chinese price history.” Diss., Princeton University 1970. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University Microfilms, 1970. AAG7101644.
Will, Pierre-Étienne, and Wong, R. Bin. Nourish the people: The state civilian granary system in China, 1650–1850. Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan, 1991.
Will, Pierre-Étienne. Bureaucratie et famine en Chine au 18e siècle. Paris: Mouton, 1980; trans. as Bureaucracy and famine in eighteenth-century China, trans. Forster., Elborg Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1990.
Will, Pierre-Étienne.Développement quantitatif et développement qualitatif en Chine à la fin de l'epoque imperial.” Annales: Histoire, sciences sociales 49, No. 4 (1994), pp. 863–902.Google Scholar
Wills, John E. Jr. Pepper, guns and parleys: The Dutch East India Company and China, 1662–1681. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1974.
Wills, John E. Jr.Maritime China from Wang Chih to Shih Lang: Themes in peripheral history.” In From Ming to Ch'ing: Conquest, region and continuity in seventeenth-century China, ed. Spence, Jonathan and Wills., John New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1979, pp. 201–38.Google Scholar
Wills, John E. Jr. Embassies and illusions: Dutch and Portuguese envoys to K'ang-hsi, 1666–1687. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1984.
Wilson, Thomas A.Confucian sectarianism and the compilation of the Ming history.” Late Imperial China, 152 (December 1994), pp. 53–84.Google Scholar
Witek, John W. S. J. Controversial ideas in China and in Europe: A biography of Jean-François Foucquet, S. J., (1665–1741). Rome: Institutum Historicum, S. I., 1982.
Wittfogel, Karl August. Oriental despotism. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1957.
Wittfogel, Karl August. Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Chinas. Leipzig: Hirschfeld, 1931.
Wolf, Arthur P., and Huang, Chieh-shan. Marriage and adoption in China, 1845–1945. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1980.
Wong, R. Bin.Food riots in the Qing dynasty.” Journal of Asian Studies, 41, No. 4 (August 1982), pp. 767–88.Google Scholar
Wong, R. Bin., and Perdue, Peter C.. “Famine's foes in Ch'ing China.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 43, No. I (1983), pp. 291–332.Google Scholar
Woodside, Alexander.The divorce between the political center and educational creativity in late imperial China.” In Education and society in late imperial China 1600–1900, ed. Benjamin, A. Elman and Woodside., Alexander Berkeley and London: University of California Press, 1994, pp. 458–92.Google Scholar
Woodside, Alexander.Some mid-Qing theorists of popular schools.Modern China, 9, No. I (January 1983), pp. 3–35.Google Scholar
Woodside, Alexander.The statecraft thinkers of late imperial China in world history.” In Tradition and metamorphosis in modern Chinese history: Essays in honor of Professor Kwang-ching Liu's seventy-fifth birthday, eds. Hao, Yen-p'ing and Wu, Hsiu-mei 2 Vols. Taipei: Academia Sinica, Institute of Modern History, 1998), Vol. 2, pp. 681–703.Google Scholar
Woodside, Alexander. Vietnam and the Chinese Model. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971.
Wou, Odoric.The extended kin unit and the family origins of Ch'ing local officials.” In Perspectives on a changing China, ed. Fogel, Joshua A. and Rowe, William T. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1979, pp. 69–88.Google Scholar
Wu, Che-fu. Ch'ing-tai chin-hui shu-mu yen-chiu. Taipei: Kuo-li cheng-chih ta-hsüeh Chung-kuo wen-hsüeh yen-chiu so, 1969.
Wu, Che-fu. Ssu-k'u ch'üan-shu tsuan-hsiu chih yen-chiu. Taipei: Kuo-li ku-kung po-wu-yüan, 1990.
Wu, Ch'eng-ming. Chung-kuo tzu-pen chu-i yii kuo-nei shih-ch'ang. Peking: Chung-kuo she-hui k'o-hsüeh ch'u-pan-she, 1985.
Wu, Ch'eng-ming.Li-yung liang-chia pien-tung yen-chiu Ch'ing-tai ti shih-ch'ang cheng-ho.” Chung-kuo ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 2 (1996), pp. 88–94.Google Scholar
Wu, Ch'eng-ming.Lun Ch'ing-tai ch'ien-ch'i wo-kuo kuo-nei shih-ch'ang.” Li-shih yen-chiu, I (1983), pp. 96–106.Google Scholar
Wu, Chien-hua.K'ang-hsi Ch'ien-lung nan-hsün ti pi-chiao.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, I (1990), pp. 13–20.Google Scholar
Wu, Chien-kuo.Ts'ung Ming Ch'ing hsiao-shuo k'an wen-jen ti chia-t'ing sheng-huo yü jen-ko wei-chi.” Hua-tung shih-fan ta-hsüeh hsüeh-pao, 2 (1992), pp. 68–76.Google Scholar
Wu, Chien-yung.Ch'ing ch'ien-ch'i ti shang-p'in liang cheng-ts'e.” Li-shih tang-an, 3 (1986), pp. 87–96.Google Scholar
Wu, Chih-ho. Ming-tai ti ju-hsüeh chiao-kuan. Taipei: Hsüeh-sheng shu-chü, 1991.
Wu, Ching-tzu. The scholars, trans. Hsien-yi, Yang and Yang., Gladys New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1972.
Wu, Hsin-lei.Kuan-yü Ts'ao Hsüeh-ch'in chia-shih ti hsin tzu-liao.” Nan-ching ta-hsüeh pao, 2 (1976), pp. 69–78.Google Scholar
Wu, Hui and Hsien-hui, Ko. “Ch'ing ch'ien-ch'i ti liang-shih t'iao-chi.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 4 (1988), pp. 122–35.Google Scholar
Wu, Hung.Beyond stereotypes: The Twelve Beauties in Qing court art and the Dream of the Red Chamber.” Writing women in late imperial China, ed. Widmer, Ellen and Chang., Kang-i Sun Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1997, pp. 306–65.Google Scholar
Wu, Hung. The double screen: Medium and representation in Chinese painting. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.
Wu, Liang-k'ai.Ch'ing-tai Ch'ien-lung shih-ch'i nung-yeh ching-chi kuan-hsi ti yen-pien ho fa-chan.” Ch'ing-shih lun-ts'ung, 1 (1979), pp. 5–36.Google Scholar
Wu, Ming-tao. Fu she hsing shih. Preface, 1713.Google Scholar
Wu, Po-ya.Wu-ch'ang ping-pien yü K'ang-hsi.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 1991: 4, pp. 14–19.Google Scholar
Wu, Silas. Communication and imperial control in China: Evolution of the palace memorial system, 1693–1735. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1970.
Wu, Silas. Passage to power: K'ang-hsi and his heir apparent, 1661–1722. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1979.
Wu, Wei-ping.The development and decline of the Eight Banners.” Diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1969.
Wu, Yenna. The Chinese virago: A literary theme. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995.
Wu, Nelson I.The toleration of eccentrics.” Art News, 65: 3 (May 1957), n.p.Google Scholar
Xu, Dixin, and Wu, Chengming eds. Chinese capitalism, 1522–1840, trans. Zhengde, Li, Miaoru, Liang, Siping, Li; ed. Curwen., C. A. New York, St. Martin's Press, 2000.
Yamamoto, Ei'shi.Tax farming by the gentry: Reorganization of the tax collection system in the early Qing.” Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko, 57. Tokyo: Toyo Bunko, 1999, pp. 61–89.Google Scholar
Yamamoto, Susumu.Shindai Hu-kan no suitō saku to mengyō.” Shirin, 70, No. 6 (November 1987), pp. 1–32.Google Scholar
Yamamoto, Susumu.Shindai zenki no heichō seisaku.” Shirin, 71, No. 5 (1988), pp. 38–70.Google Scholar
Yamane, Yukio. Min-Shin Kahoku teiki ichi no kenkyū. Tokyo: Kyūko shoin, 1995.
Yamane, Yukio.Min-Shin jidai Kahoku ni okeru teiki ichi.” Shiron, 8 (1960), pp. 493–504.Google Scholar
Yamane, Yukio.Shindai no jinshin baibai ni kansuru shi: ‘Kokugaku shitaku’ ni tsuite.” Hikaku bunka, 7 (March 1961), pp. 13–42.Google Scholar
Yamanoi, Yū. Min Shin shisō shi no kenkyū. Tokyo: Tokyo Daigaku Shuppankai, 1980.
Yamazaki, Jun'ichi. Kyōiku kara mita Chūgoku joseishi shiryō no kenkyū. Tokyo: Meiji shoin, 1986.
Yang, Chen.Sumara Ku yen-chiu.” In Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 1990, Vol. 2, pp. 25–37.Google Scholar
Yang, Chen.Yung-cheng chi ch'eng huang wei wen t'i t'ao lun tsung shu.” Ch'ing-shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 1, No. 7 (1984), pp. 19–22.Google Scholar
Yang, Ch'i-ch'ang.Ch'ing-tai jen-k'ou wen-t'i chi ch'i li-shih chiao-hsün.” Yün-nan chiao-yü hsüeh-yüan hsüeh-pao: she k'o pan, 1 (1987), pp. 89–96.Google Scholar
Yang, Hsi-fu.Ch'en ming mi kuei chih yu shu.” In Ch'ang-ling, Ho, comp. Huang-ch'ao ching-shih wen-pien. 120 chüan. 1826; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1972, 39: pp. 7b–9b.Google Scholar
Yang, Hsüeh-ch'en. Ch'ing-tai min-tsu kuan-hsi shih. Changchun: Chi-lin wen-shih ch'u-pan-she, 1991.
Yang, Hsüeh-ch'eng and Yüan-lien, Chou. Ch'ing-tai pa-ch'i wang kung kuei-tsu hsing-shuai shih. Shenyang: Liaoning jen min ch'u-pan-she, 1986.
Yang, Kuo-chenCh'ing-tai Min-pei t'u-ti wen-shu hsüan-pien.” Chung-kuo she-hui ching-chi shih yen-chiu, 1 (1982), pp. 111–21; 2 (1982), pp. 102–14; 3 (1982), pp. 107–12.Google Scholar
Yang, Lien-sheng.The concept of pao as a basis for social relations in China.” In Chinese thought and institutions, ed. Fairbank., John K. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957, pp. 291–309.Google Scholar
Yang, Lien-sheng.Government control of urban merchants in traditional China.” Tsing-hua Journal of Chinese Studies, N.S. 8, No. 1/2 (August 1970), pp. 186–206.Google Scholar
Yang, Nien-ch'ün. Ju-hsüeh ti-yü-hua ti chin-tai hsing-t'ai. Peking: San-lien, 1997.
Yang, Shen. Pin-feng kuang-i. 1741; rpt. Peking: Agricultural Press, 1962.
Yeh, Hsien-en. Ming-Ch'ing Hui-chou nung-ts'un she-hui yü tien-p'u chih. Hofei: An-hui jen-min ch'u-pan-she, 1983.
Yen, Ch'ung-nien.Nu-erh-ha-ch'ih ju ching chin kung k'ao”. Ch'ing shih yen-chiu t'ung-hsün, 2 (1983). Rpt. in his Yen pu chi. Peking: Yen shan ch'u-pan-she, 1989, pp. 27–32.Google Scholar
Yen, Ch'ung-nien. Nu-erh-ha-ch'ih chuan. Peking: Pei-ching ch'u-pan-she, 1983.
Yen, Ch'ung-nien. Yen pu chi. Peking: Yen-shan ch'u-pan-she, 1989.
Yen, Chung-p'ing. Ch'ing-tai Yün-nan t'ung-cheng k'ao. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1957.
Yim, Shu-yuan.Famine relief statistics as a guide to the population of sixteenth-century China.” Ch'ing-shih wen-t'i, 3, No. 9 (November 1978), pp. 1–30.Google Scholar
Yin, Hua-hsing. Hsi-cheng chi-lüeh. N.d. Rpt. in Chao-tai ts'ung-shu. 171 Vols. N.p.: Shih-che-t'ang ts'ang-pan, 1844, Vol. 47.Google Scholar
Yin-jeng, . “K'ang-hsi san-shih-wu nien san-yüeh huang-t' ai-tzu man-wen tsou-che.” Trans. Shu-pi., P'an In Ku-kung wen-hsien, 5, No. 1 (1973), pp. 65–76.Google Scholar
Yokoyama, Suguru. Chūgoku kindaika no keizai kōzō. Tokyo: Aki shohō, 1972.
Young, Lung-chang.Ku Yen-wu's views on the Ming examination system.” Ming Studies, 23 (1987), pp. 48–63.Google Scholar
, Min-chung et al., comps. Kuo-ch'ao kung-shih. Peking: Wu-ying tien, 1770; rpt. Taipei: Wen-hai ch'u-pan-she, 1966.
Yu, Pauline.Canon formation in late imperial China.” In Culture and state in Chinese history: Conventions, accommodations, and critiques, ed. Huters, Theodore, Bin Wong, R., and Yu., Pauline Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1997, pp. 83–104.Google Scholar
, Ying-shih. Chung-kuo chin-shih tsung-chiao lun-li yü shang-jen ching-shen. Taipei: Lien-ching, 1987.
, Ying-shih. Hsien-tai ju-hsüeh lun. River Edge, N.J.: Pa fang wen hua ch'i yeh kung-ssu, 1996.
, Ying-shih.Some preliminary observations on the rise of Ch'ing Confucian intellectualism.” Tsing Hua Journal of Chinese Studies, 11 (1975), pp. 104–46.Google Scholar
Yüan, Shen-po.Ulan Butung k'ao.” Li-shih yen-chiu, 8 (1978), pp. 86–91.Google Scholar
Yuasa, Yukihiko.Shindai ni okeru fujin kaihōron reikyō to ningenteki shizen.” Nihon Chūgoku gakkaihō, 4 (March 1953), pp. 111–25.Google Scholar
Yule, Henry. A narrative of the mission sent by the governor-general of India to the court of Ava in 1855. London: Smith, Elder, 1858.
Yün, Chu (Chu, Wan-yen Yün), comp. Lan-kuei pao-lu. N.P.: Hung-hsiang-kuan, ed., 1831.
Yung-jung, et al. Li-tai chih-kuan piao. Peking: Wu-ying tien, 1783; rpt. Shanghai: Shang-wu yin-shu-kuan, 1936.
Zeitlin, Judith. Historian of the strange: Pu Songling and the Chinese classical tale. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1993.
Zelin, Madeleine. “Capital accumulation and investment strategies in early modern China: The case of the Furong salt yard.” Late Imperial China, 9, No. 1 (1988), pp. 79–122.Google Scholar
Zelin, Madeleine. The magistrate's tael: Rationalizing fiscal reform in eighteenth-century Ch'ing China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.
Zhuang, Guotu. Tea, silver, opium, and war: The international tea trade and Western commercial expansion into China in 1740–1840. Hsia-men: Hsia-men University Press, 1994.
Zi, Etienne. Pratique des examens litteraires en Chine. Shanghai: Imprimerie de la Mission Catholique, 1894.
Zito, Angela. Of body and brush: Grand sacrifice as text/performance in eighteenth-century China. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Zlatkin, Il'ia IAkovlevich. Istoriia Dzhungarskogo khanstva, 1635–1758. Moscow: Nauka, 1964; 2d ed. 1983.
Zurndorfer, Harriet T. Change and continuity in Chinese local history: The development of Hui-chou prefecture, 800 to 1800. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1989.

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Bibliography
  • Edited by Willard J. Peterson, Princeton University, New Jersey
  • Book: The Cambridge History of China
  • Online publication: 28 March 2008
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521243346.013
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Bibliography
  • Edited by Willard J. Peterson, Princeton University, New Jersey
  • Book: The Cambridge History of China
  • Online publication: 28 March 2008
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521243346.013
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Bibliography
  • Edited by Willard J. Peterson, Princeton University, New Jersey
  • Book: The Cambridge History of China
  • Online publication: 28 March 2008
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521243346.013
Available formats
×