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1 - Embryonic stem cells

from Part I - Introduction to stem cells and regenerative medicine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2015

By
Nicole Slawny  and
Gary D. Smith
Edited by
Peter X. Ma
Nicole Slawny
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
Gary D. Smith
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
Peter X. Ma
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Summary

Preimplantation embryo development sets the stage for pluripotency

Regenerative medicine has the potential to revolutionize health care by offering the promise of replacement cells, tissues, and organs to combat injury, disease, and aging. In an ideal setting, stem cell therapies would begin with a pluripotent cell that by definition is able to give rise to any cell formed in the embryo. Additionally this would most likely require that the stem cells could self-renew or were able to divide and give rise to either more pluripotent stem cells or progressively more differentiated cells under the control of extrinsic cues. Stem cells are biological cells found in multicellular organisms, that can mitotically divide and differentiate into specialized cell types and can self-renew to produce more stem cells. There are two broad types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells originate from the inner cell mass of the preimplantation embryo and are considered pluripotent whereas in situ adult stem cells are considered multipotent. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) possess characteristics that make them a potentially outstanding starting material for use in regenerative medicine. They are unique among cultured cells because they have an apparently limitless capacity to self-renew in vitro, as well as being pluripotent. Because of these extraordinary properties, ESCs have been an intense focus of research for more than 30 years.

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Information
Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine , pp. 3 - 18
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2014

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  • Embryonic stem cells
  • Edited by Peter X. Ma, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Book: Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine
  • Online publication: 05 February 2015
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511997839.003
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  • Embryonic stem cells
  • Edited by Peter X. Ma, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Book: Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine
  • Online publication: 05 February 2015
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511997839.003
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  • Embryonic stem cells
  • Edited by Peter X. Ma, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Book: Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine
  • Online publication: 05 February 2015
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511997839.003
Available formats
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