Australian foreign policy during these years (1966–70) was formulated in the shadow of the powerful figure of Sir Robert Gordon Menzies who resigned as Prime Minister in 1966 after a record term of 17 years. His successor, Mr Harold Holt, followed in the Menzies tradition until his tragic death in December 1967. Mr John Gorton, a dark horse candidate for Prime Minister, held office from 10 January 1968 until his defeat for the leadership on 10 March 1971. A large measure of continuity in foreign policy was given by Mr (later Sir) Paul Hasluck who succeeded Sir Garfield Barwick as Minister for External Affairs in 1964 and held office until he became Governor-General in 1969. A professional in this field, he was succeeded by Mr Gordon Freeth whose brief tenure as minister ended with his defeat in the federal election of 1969. His successor, Mr W. McMahon, a very experienced professional politician, retained the portfolio until succeeding Mr Gorton as Prime Minister in March 1971.