Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-cjp7w Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-23T19:55:55.510Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 2 - Robert Hayden, the Black Arts Movement, and the Politics of Aesthetic Distance

from I - Poetry and Music

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2022

Shelly Eversley
Affiliation:
Baruch College, The City University of New York
Get access

Summary

Ready-made histories of 1960s cultural development might easily overlook Robert Hayden. His apparently genteel politics, reflected in commitments to racial cosmopolitanism and substantial reverence for the Western canon, distinguished him from many of the innovators and experimentalists of 1960s Black radical poetry. However, Hayden’s distinctive contributions to the decade played a key role in the evolution of African American poetics. His political aesthetic became an important model for successful Black poets of the later twentieth century. These academic poets, whose professional and intellectual lives were distanced from the economic and cultural exigencies of the Black majority, learned much from Hayden’s theory of aesthetic distance. While a powerful Black aesthetic of the 1960s called for art that appeared to spring from the heart of the Black folk masses, Hayden honed a deeply introspective Black poetics, which contemplated the experiential distance that stretched between the “colleged” poet-speaker and the Black folk world.

Type
Chapter
Information
African American Literature in Transition, 1960–1970
Black Art, Politics, and Aesthetics
, pp. 50 - 73
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baker, H. A. 1985. Blues, Ideology, and Afro-American Literature: A Vernacular Theory. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Baraka, A. (L. Jones). 1996. Foreword.” In On a Mission: Selected Poems and a History of the Last Poets, by A. Oyewole and U. Bin Hassan, xiiixvii. New York: Henry Holt.Google Scholar
Baraka, A. 2007 [1969]. “Black Art.” In Black Fire: An Anthology of Afro-American Writing, ed. Baraka, A. and Neal, L., 302–3. Baltimore, MD: Black Classic Press.Google Scholar
Brooks, G. 1972. Report From Part One. Detroit, MI: Broadside Press.Google Scholar
Bullough, E. 1994. “‘Psychical Distance’ as a Factor in Art and as an Aesthetic Principle.” In Art and Its Significance: An Anthology of Aesthetic Theory, ed. Ross, S. D., 458–68. Albany: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Du Bois, W. E. B. 2002. Du Bois on Education, ed. Provenzo, E.. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.Google ScholarPubMed
Du Bois, W. E. B. 2014. The Souls of Black Folk. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Fetrow, F. M. 1984. Robert Hayden. Boston, MA: Twayne Publishers.Google Scholar
Gates, H. L. Jr. 1992, September. Two Nations … Both Black.Forbes 150.6: 132–38.Google Scholar
Harper, P. B. 1996. Are We Not Men? Masculine Anxiety and the Problem of African-American Identity. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hayden, R. 1940. Heart-Shape in the Dust. Detroit, MI: Falcon Press.Google Scholar
Hayden, R 1966. Selected Poems. New York: October House.Google Scholar
Hayden, R 1975. Angle of Ascent: New and Selected Poems. New York: Liveright.Google Scholar
Hayden, R 1977, October. “Letter to Dorothy Lee.” In Hayden Papers. Washington, DC:Library of Congress.Google Scholar
Hayden, R 1984. Collected Prose, ed. Glaysher, F.. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Hayden, R 2001a. “A Conversation with A. Poulin, Jr.” In Robert Hayden: Essays on the Poetry, ed. Goldstein, L. and Chrisman, R., 3040. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Hayden, R 2001b. “An Interview with Dennis Gendron.” In Robert Hayden: Essays on the Poetry, ed. Goldstein, L. and Chrisman, R., 1529. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Henderson, S. 1973. Understanding the New Black Poetry: Black Speech and Black Music as Poetic References. New York: William Morrow.Google Scholar
Henderson, S 2000. “Saturation: Progress Report on a Theory of Black Poetry.” In African American Literary Theory: A Reader, ed. Napier, W., 102–12. New York University Press.Google Scholar
Komunyakaa, Y. 1992. “My Father’s Love Letters.” In Magic City, 43. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press.Google Scholar
Llorens, D. 1966. “Writers Converge at Fisk University.” Negro Digest 15.8: 5468.Google Scholar
Locke, A. 2014. “Negro Youth Speaks.” In The New Negro, ed. Locke, A., 4753. New York: Touchstone.Google Scholar
Malcolm, X. 1990. Malcolm X Speaks: Selected Speeches and Statements, ed. Breitman, G.. New York: Grove Weidenfeld.Google Scholar
Malcolm, X 2013. The Portable Malcolm X Reader, ed. Marable, M. and Felber, G.. New York:Penguin.Google Scholar
Mullen, H. 2012. The Cracks Between What We Are and What We Are Supposed to Be: Essays and Interviews. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Neal, L. 2007. “And Shine Swam On.” In Black Fire: An Anthology of Afro-American Writing, ed. Baraka, A. and Neal, L., 302–3. Baltimore, MD: Black Classic Press.Google Scholar
Ongiri, A. A. 2010. Spectacular Blackness: The Cultural Politics of the Black Power Movement and the Search for a Black Aesthetic. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.Google Scholar
Rambsy, H., II. 2011. The Black Arts Enterprise and the Production of African American Poetry. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Randall, D., and Burroughs, M., eds. 1969. For Malcolm: Poems on the Life and the Death of Malcolm X. Detroit, MI: Broadside Press.Google Scholar
Rowell, C., ed. 2013. Angles of Ascent: A Norton Anthology of Contemporary African American Poetry. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.Google Scholar
Smethurst, J. E. 1999. The New Red Negro: The Literary Left and African American Poetry, 1930–1946. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×