Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- 1 Historiography and Popular Understandings
- 2 Ghetto: The Source of the Term and the Phenomenon in the Early Modern Age
- 3 Ghetto and Ghettoization as Cultural Concepts in the Modern Age
- 4 The Nazis' Anti-Jewish Policy in the 1930s in Germany and the Question of Jewish Residential Districts
- 5 First References to the Term “Ghetto” in the Ideological Discourse of the Makers of Anti-Jewish Policy in the Third Reich (1933–1938)
- 6 The Semantic Turning Point in the Meaning of “Ghetto”: Peter-Heinz Seraphim and Das Judentum im osteuropäischen Raum
- 7 The Invasion of Poland and the Emergence of the “Classic” Ghettos
- 8 Methodological Interlude: The Term “Ghettoization” and Its Use During the Holocaust Itself and in Later Scholarship
- 9 Would the Idea Spread to Other Places? Amsterdam 1941, the Only Attempt to Establish a Ghetto West of Poland
- 10 Ghettos During the Final Solution, 1941–1943: The Territories Occupied in Operation Barbarossa
- 11 Ghettos During the Final Solution Outside the Occupied Soviet Union: Poland, Theresienstadt, Amsterdam, Transnistria, Salonika, and Hungary
- 12 Summary and Conclusions
- Bibliography
- Index
8 - Methodological Interlude: The Term “Ghettoization” and Its Use During the Holocaust Itself and in Later Scholarship
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 March 2011
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- 1 Historiography and Popular Understandings
- 2 Ghetto: The Source of the Term and the Phenomenon in the Early Modern Age
- 3 Ghetto and Ghettoization as Cultural Concepts in the Modern Age
- 4 The Nazis' Anti-Jewish Policy in the 1930s in Germany and the Question of Jewish Residential Districts
- 5 First References to the Term “Ghetto” in the Ideological Discourse of the Makers of Anti-Jewish Policy in the Third Reich (1933–1938)
- 6 The Semantic Turning Point in the Meaning of “Ghetto”: Peter-Heinz Seraphim and Das Judentum im osteuropäischen Raum
- 7 The Invasion of Poland and the Emergence of the “Classic” Ghettos
- 8 Methodological Interlude: The Term “Ghettoization” and Its Use During the Holocaust Itself and in Later Scholarship
- 9 Would the Idea Spread to Other Places? Amsterdam 1941, the Only Attempt to Establish a Ghetto West of Poland
- 10 Ghettos During the Final Solution, 1941–1943: The Territories Occupied in Operation Barbarossa
- 11 Ghettos During the Final Solution Outside the Occupied Soviet Union: Poland, Theresienstadt, Amsterdam, Transnistria, Salonika, and Hungary
- 12 Summary and Conclusions
- Bibliography
- Index
Summary
The Jewish Star: The Start of Ghettoization
Title of a chapter in Helmut Eschwege, Kennzeichen J, on the fate of the Jews in Nazi Germany (1966)As we have seen, concentrating Jews in ghettos was not part of a methodical process to isolate the Jews from their surroundings in Poland, but a parallel development; hence we should give some attention to the meaning of the term “ghettoization.” The research literature refers not only to the establishment of physical ghettos but also to a process that includes the segregation of the Jews from the surrounding society and their concentration in certain locations. Philip Friedman, for example, devoted a section of his important essay, “The Jewish Ghettos of the Nazi Era,” to “‘Ghettoization’ Attempts in Western, Southern, and Central Europe,” immediately after a section on the “Crystallization of the Segregation Policy.” Here he discussed the concentration of Jews in various cities across Europe. But the examples he cited (such as in Slovakia) are not sufficiently representative: they were either concentrations of Jews as a preliminary step to deportation or ghettos in the old, pre-1938 sense. Hilberg, as we have seen, identified ghettoization, as a concept, with one phase of the emerging anti-Jewish policy, that of residential concentration and segregation, which began in the late 1930s. In the wake of these two scholars, the term “ghettoization” came to refer to all processes to isolate the Jews.
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- The Emergence of Jewish Ghettos during the Holocaust , pp. 90 - 93Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2011